Canada

Canada
Location
Region	Americas
Subregion	Northern America
BioRegion	Nearctic Region
Diversity
Subfamilies	6
Genera	26
Endemic Genera	0
% Endemic Genera	0.0%
Species/Subspecies	133
Endemic Species	9
% Endemic Species	6.8%
Introduced Species	11

The following valid species and subspecies of ants are known to occur in Canada. Unidentified and undescribed species will be added to this list as identifications are verified and taxonomic revisions are published. This species list is based upon the effort of many ant collectors as well as myrmecologists who have published on the taxonomy of Canadian ants. Those who have specimen records that expand this list are encouraged to submit this information in the discussion section of the Canadian Ants web page. Please advise if any corrections are warranted.

List of ants of Alberta, Canada.

Aphaenogaster

• Aphaenogaster occidentalis (Emery, 1895)

Brachymyrmex

• Brachymyrmex depilis Emery, 1893

Camponotus

• Camponotus herculeanus Linnaeus, 1758
• Camponotus laevissimus Mackay, 2019
• Camponotus modoc Wheeler, 1910
• Camponotus nearcticus Emery, 1893
• Camponotus novaeboracensis (Fitch, 1855)
• Camponotus pennsylvanicus De Geer, 1773
• Camponotus vicinus Mayr, 1870

Crematogaster

• Crematogaster cerasi

Dolichoderus

• Dolichoderus mariae Forel, 1885
• Dolichoderus plagiatus Mayr, 1870
• Dolichoderus taschenbergi Mayr, 1866

Formica

• Formica accreta Francoeur, 1973
• Formica adamsi Wheeler, 1909
• Formica adamsi whymperi Wheeler, W.M., 1917
• Formica altipetens Wheeler, 1913
• Formica arcana Scudder, 1877
• Formica argentea Wheeler, 1902
• Formica aserva Forel, 1901
• Formica bradleyi Wheeler, W.M., 1913
• Formica canadensis Santschi, 1914
• Formica curiosa Creighton, 1935
• Formica dakotensis Emery, 1893
• Formica densiventris Viereck, 1903
• Formica emeryi Krausse, 1926
• Formica exsectoides Forel, 1886
• Formica fossaceps Buren, 1942
• Formica fusca Linnaeus, 1758 (introduced)
• Formica glacialis Wheeler, 1908
• Formica hewitti Wheeler, W.M., 1917
• Formica impexa Wheeler, 1905
• Formica integra Nylander, 1856
• Formica integroides Wheeler, 1913
• Formica lasioides Emery, 1893
• Formica limata Wheeler, 1913
• Formica microgyna Wheeler, 1903
• Formica montana Wheeler, 1910
• Formica neoclara Emery, 1893
• Formica neogagates Emery, 1893
• Formica neorufibarbis Emery, 1893
• Formica obscuripes Forel, 1886
• Formica obscuriventris Mayr, 1870
• Formica obtusopilosa Emery, 1893
• Formica opaciventris Emery, 1893
• Formica oreas Wheeler, 1903
• Formica pallidefulva
• Formica paralugubris Seifert, 1996
• Formica perpilosa Wheeler, 1913
• Formica planipilis Creighton, 1940
• Formica podzolica Francoeur, 1973
• Formica ravida Creighton, 1940
• Formica reflexa Buren, 1942
• Formica rubicunda Emery, 1893
• Formica subaenescens Emery, 1893
• Formica subintegra Wheeler, 1908
• Formica subnitens' Creighton, 1940
• Formica subpolita Mayr, 1886
• Formica transmontanis Francoeur, 1973
• Formica ulkei Emery, 1893

Formicoxenus

• Formicoxenus hirticornis (Emery, 1895)
• Formicoxenus provancheri Emery, 1895
• Formicoxenus quebecensis Francoeur, 1985

Harpagoxenus

• Harpagoxenus canadensis Smith, M.R., 1939

Hypoponera

• Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger, 1859) (introduced)

Lasius

• Lasius americanus Emery, 1893
• Lasius aphidicola (Walsh, 1863)
• Lasius brevicornis Emery, 1893
• Lasius coloradensis Wheeler, 1917
• Lasius crypticus Wilson, 1955
• Lasius fallax Wilson, 1955
• Lasius latipes (Walsh, 1863)
• Lasius minutus Emery, 1893
• Lasius nearcticus Wheeler, W.M., 1906
• Lasius neoniger Emery, 1893
• Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758) (introduced)
• Lasius pallitarsis (Provancher, 1881)
• Lasius ponderosae Schär, Talavera, Rana, Espadaler, Cover, Shattuck & Vila, 2022
• Lasius subglaber Emery, 1893
• Lasius subumbratus Viereck, 1903
• Lasius vestitus Wheeler, W.M., 1910

Leptothorax

• Leptothorax athabasca Buschinger & Schulz, 2008
• Leptothorax canadensis Provancher, 1887
• Leptothorax faberi Buschinger, 1983
• Leptothorax paraxenus Heinze & Alloway, 1992
• Leptothorax pocahontas Buschinger, 1979
• Leptothorax retractus Francoeur, 1986
• Leptothorax sphagnicola Francoeur, 1986
• Leptothorax wilsoni Heinze, 1989

Manica

• Manica hunteri Wheeler, W.M., 1914
• Manica invidia Bolton, 1995

Monomorium

• Monomorium minimum (Buckley, 1867)
• Monomorium pharaonis (Linnaeus, 1758) (introduced)

Myrmica

• Myrmica alaskensis Wheeler, 1917
• Myrmica americana Weber, 1939
• Myrmica brevispinosa Wheeler, 1917
• Myrmica crassirugis Francoeur, 2007
• Myrmica detritinodis Emery, 1921
• Myrmica fracticornis Forel, 1901
• Myrmica glacialis Emery, 1921
• Myrmica incompleta Provancher, 1881
• Myrmica lampra Francoeur, 1968
• Myrmica latifrons Starcke, 1927
• Myrmica lobifrons Pergande, 1900
• Myrmica nearctica Weber, 1939
• Myrmica quebecensis Francoeur, 1981
• Myrmica rubra (introduced)

Nylanderia

• Nylanderia fulva (Mayr) (introduced)

Pogonomyrmex

• Pogonomyrmex occidentalis (Cresson, 1865)
• Pogonomyrmex salinus Olsen, 1934

Polyergus

• Polyergus breviceps Emery, 1893
• Polyergus bicolor Wasmann, 1901
• Polyergus lucidus Mayr, 1870
• Polyergus montivagus Wheeler, 1915

Proceratium

• Proceratium silaceum Roger, 1863

Solenopsis

• Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius) (introduced)
• Solenopsis molesta (Say, 1836)
• Solenopsis rosella Kennedy, 1938
• Solenopsis texana Emery

Stenamma

• Stenamma diecki Emery, 1895

Stigmatomma

• Stigmatomma pallipes (Haldeman, 1844)
• Stigmatomma oregonense

Strumigenys

• Strumigenys pergandei Emery, 1895
• Strumigenys pulchella Emery, 1895
• Strumigenys rogeri Emery

Tapinoma

• Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius) (introduced)
• Tapinoma sessile (Say, 1836)

Temnothorax

• Temnothorax ambiguus (Emery, 1895)
• Temnothorax fragosus (MacKay & Buschinger, 2002)
• Temnothorax longispinosus Roger, 1863
• Temnothorax rugatulus (Emery, 1895)

Tetramorium

• Tetramorium guineense (Fabricius) (introduced)
• Tetramorium simillimum (Smith, F.) (introduced)

Wasmannia

• Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (introduced)

Fossils known from Canada

Epoch	Formation	Locality	Species
Eocene	Coldwater Beds Fossil	Quilchena, British Columbia	Eoecophylla quilchenensis
Eocene	Horsefly River, British Columbia Fossil	Horsefly River, British Columbia	Myrmeciites tabanifluviensis
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Avitomyrmex elongatus
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Avitomyrmex mastax
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Avitomyrmex systenus
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Macabeemyrma ovata
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Myrmeciites goliath
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Myrmeciites herculeanus
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Ypresiomyrma bartletti
Eocene	McAbee Fossil	McAbee, British Columbia	Ypresiomyrma orbiculata
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Boltonimecia canadensis
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Cananeuretus occidentalis
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Canapone dentata
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Chronomyrmex medicinehatensis
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Eotapinoma macalpini
Late Cretaceous	Foremost Formation Amber	Alberta	Haidoterminus cippus
Miocene	Quesnel, British Columbia Fossil	Quesnel, British Columbia	Aphaenogaster longaeva
Miocene	Quesnel, British Columbia Fossil	Quesnel, British Columbia	Calyptites antediluvianus
Miocene	Quesnel, British Columbia Fossil	Quesnel, British Columbia	Dolichoderus obliteratus
Miocene	Quesnel, British Columbia Fossil	Quesnel, British Columbia	Formica arcana
Paleocene	Paskapoo Formation Fossil	Alberta	Napakimyrma paskapooensis

References

• Ayre, G.L. (1977) Exotic ants in Winnipeg. Manit. Entomol., 11, 41-44.
• Francoeur, A. 1983. The ant fauna near the tree-line in northern Quebec (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Collection Nordicana 47:177-180. PDF'
• Glasier, J.R.N., J.H. Acorn, S.E. Nielsen, & H. Proctor 2013. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Alberta: A key to species based primarily on the worker caste. Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification 22.