Formica subpolita
Formica subpolita | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Formicidae |
Subfamily: | Formicinae |
Tribe: | Formicini |
Genus: | Formica |
Species: | F. subpolita |
Binomial name | |
Formica subpolita Mayr, 1886 | |
Synonyms | |
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Identification
Keys including this Species
- Key to Nearctic Formica fusca group males
- Key to Nearctic Formica fusca group queens
- Key to Nearctic Formica fusca group workers
Distribution
Western North America, south to Mexico.
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 56.258056° to 30.88333333°.
North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Nearctic Region: Canada, United States (type locality).
Neotropical Region: Mexico.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
Biology
Nevada, Wheeler and Wheeler (1986):
This species is found in abundance throughout the state from 4,300 ft. to 10,800 ft. (43% of the records 6,000-7,000 ft., 65% 6,000-8,000 ft., 93% 5,000-9,000 ft.). We have 204 records from 108 localities. Of these 64 were in the Cool Desert (2 in the cottonwood riparian), 51 in the Pinyon-Juniper Biome, 19 in the Coniferous Forest Biome, 8 from the ecotone above, and 5 in the Alpine Biome.
We have descriptions of 122 nests: 61 were under stones and 9 were under other objects lying on the ground; of the exposed nests 44 were surmounted by craters (4-10 cm in diameter with entrances 4-8 mm in diameter) and 8 by messy mounds of excavated soil. Colonies may be locally very numerous. Workers were timid and fast.
We have collected mealybugs from 3 nests (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae; det. D.R. Miller): Cryptoripersia tubulata McKenzie from Lamoille Canyon (9-32N-58) 7,000 ft. (Elko Co.) and from Mt. Jefferson 8,700 ft. (Nye Co.); Phenacoccus eschscholziae McKenzie from Carroll Summit (9-16N-38) 7,500 ft. (Lander Co.).
Association with Other Organisms
- Explore: Show all Associate data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
- This species is a host for the ant Formica densiventris (a slave maker).
- This species is a host for the ant Formica puberula (a slave maker) (Mackay & Mackay, 2002).
- This species is a host for the ant Polyergus mexicanus (a slave maker) (true slave maker Polyergus laeviceps).
- This species is a host for the braconid wasp Elasmosoma vigilans (a parasitoid) (Quevillon, 2018) (encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest).
Fungi
- This species is a host for the fungus Laboulbenia formicarium (a parasite) (Quevillon, 2018) (encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest).
- This species is a host for the fungus Laboulbenia formicarum (a pathogen) (Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012).
Flight Period
X | |||||||||||
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
Source: antkeeping.info.
- Check details at Worldwide Ant Nuptial Flights Data, AntNupTracker and AntKeeping.
- Explore: Show all Flight Month data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
Castes
. | Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- subpolita. Formica fusca var. subpolita Mayr, 1886d: 426 (w.q.) U.S.A. Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 534 (m.). Combination in F. (Serviformica): Emery, 1925b: 251. Subspecies of gagates: Dalla Torre, 1893: 199; of fusca: Emery, 1893i: 661. Raised to species: Wheeler, W.M. 1908g: 625; Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 532. Senior synonym of flammiventris: Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 532; Creighton, 1950a: 541; of camponoticeps, ficticia: Francoeur, 1973: 107.
- rufiventris. Formica rufiventris Emery, 1893i: 665, pl. 22, fig. 11 (m.) U.S.A. [Junior primary homonym of rufiventris Fabricius, 1804: 409, above.] Replacement name: flammiventris Wheeler, W.M. 1912c: 90.
- flammiventris. Formica flammiventris Wheeler, W.M. 1912c: 90. Replacement name for rufiventris Emery, 1893i: 665. [Junior primary homonym of rufiventris Fabricius, 1804: 409.] Junior synonym of subpolita: Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 532.
- camponoticeps. Formica subpolita var. camponoticeps Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 535 (w.) U.S.A. Subspecies of subpolita: Creighton, 1950a: 542. Junior synonym of subpolita: Francoeur, 1973: 107.
- ficticia. Formica subpolita var. ficticia Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 561 (w.q.m.) U.S.A. Subspecies of subpolita: Creighton, 1950a: 542. Junior synonym of subpolita: Francoeur, 1973: 107.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
References
- Alatorre-Bracamontes, C.E., Vásquez-Bolaños, M. 2010. Lista comentada de las hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) del norte de México. Dugesiana 17(1): 9-36.
- Baer, B. 2011. The copulation biology of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 14: 55-68.
- Borowiec, L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
- Borowiec, L., Salata, S. 2022. A monographic review of ants of Greece (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Vol. 1. Introduction and review of all subfamilies except the subfamily Myrmicinae. Part 1: text. Natural History Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum 1: 1-297.
- Borowiec, M.L., Cover, S.P., Rabeling, C. 2021. The evolution of social parasitism in Formica ants revealed by a global phylogeny. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, e2026029118 (doi:10.1073/pnas.2026029118).
- Brassard, F., Francoeur, A., Lessard, J.P. 2020. Temperature drives caste‐specific morphological clines in ants. Journal of Animal Ecology 89, 2517–2530. (doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13330).
- Carroll, T.M. 2011. The ants of Indiana (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). M.S. thesis, Purdue University.
- Creighton, W. S. 1950a. The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 104: 1-585 (page 541, senior synonym of flammiventris)
- Dalla Torre, K. W. von. 1893. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 7. Formicidae (Heterogyna). Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 289 pp. (page 199, variety of gagates)
- Emery, C. 1893k. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 7: 633-682 (page 661, subspecies of fusca)
- Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 251, Combination in F. (Serviformica))
- Espadaler, X., Santamaria, S. 2012. Ecto- and Endoparasitic Fungi on Ants from the Holarctic Region. Psyche Article ID 168478, 10 pages (doi:10.1155/2012/168478).
- Francoeur, A. 1973. Révision taxonomique des espèces néarctiques du groupe fusca, genre Formica (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Mém. Soc. Entomol. Qué. 3: 1-316 (page 107, senior synonym of camponoticeps and ficticia)
- Higgins, R.J., Lindgren, B.S. 2012. An evaluation of methods for sampling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in British Columbia, Canada. The Canadian Entomologist 144, 491–507 (doi:10.4039/tce.2012.50).
- Jacobs, S. 2020. Population genetic and behavioral aspects of male mating monopolies in Cardiocondyla venustula (Ph.D. thesis).
- Mayr, G. 1886d. Die Formiciden der Vereinigten Staaten von Nordamerika. Verh. K-K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 36: 419-464 (page 426, worker, queen described)
- O'Neill, Kevin M. 1994. The Male Mating Strategy of the Ant Formica Subpolita Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Swarming, Mating, and Predation Risk. Psyche Volume 101 (1994), Issue 1-2, Pages 93-108doi:10.1155/1994/38217.
- Salata, S., Borowiec, L., Trichas, A. 2020. Review of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Crete, with keys to species determination and zoogeographical remarks. Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum No 12: 5–296 (doi:10.5281/ZENODO.3738001).
- Wheeler, G. C. and J. Wheeler. 1986. The ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles.
- Wheeler, W. M. 1908i. The ants of Casco Bay, Maine, with observations on two races of Formica sanguinea Latreille. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 24: 619-645 (page 625, raised to species)
- Wheeler, W. M. 1913i. A revision of the ants of the genus Formica (Linné) Mayr. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 53: 379-565 (page 534, male described;page 532, raised to species, senior synonym of flammiventris)
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Allred D. M. 1982. Ants of Utah. The Great Basin Naturalist 42: 415-511.
- Allred, D.M. 1982. The ants of Utah. Great Basin Naturalist 42:415-511.
- Blacker, N.C. 1992. Some Ants from Southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. J. Entomol. Soc. Bri. Columbia 89:3-12.
- Blacker, N.C. 1992. Some ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Journal of the Entomological Society of British Columbia 89:3-12
- Borchert, H.F. and N.L. Anderson. 1973. The Ants of the Bearpaw Mountains of Montana (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 46(2):200-224
- Clarke K.M., Fisher B.L. and LeBuhn G. 2008. The influece of urban park characteristics on ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) communities. Urban Ecosyst 11: 317-334
- Cole A. C., Jr. 1932. Nests of the ant, Formica subpolita Mayr, in the western United States. Ohio Journal of Science 32: 247-248.
- Cole A. C., Jr. 1936. An annotated list of the ants of Idaho (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Canadian Entomologist 68: 34-39.
- Cole A. C., Jr. 1937. An annotated list of the ants of Arizona (Hym.: Formicidae). [concl.]. Entomological News 48: 134-140.
- Cole A. C., Jr. 1942. The ants of Utah. American Midland Naturalist 28: 358-388.
- Cole, A.C. 1936. An annotated list of the ants of Idaho (Hymenoptera; Formicidae). Canadian Entomologist 68(2):34-39
- Dattilo W. et al. 2019. MEXICO ANTS: incidence and abundance along the Nearctic-Neotropical interface. Ecology https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2944
- Des Lauriers J., and D. Ikeda. 2017. The ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the San Gabriel Mountains of Southern California, USA with an annotated list. In: Reynolds R. E. (Ed.) Desert Studies Symposium. California State University Desert Studies Consortium, 342 pp. Pages 264-277.
- Emery C. 1893. Beiträge zur Kenntniss der nordamerikanischen Ameisenfauna. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 7: 633-682.
- Francoeur A., and R. R. Snelling. 1979. Notes for a revision of the ant genus Formica. 2. Reidentifications for some specimens from the T. W. Cook collection and new distribution data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Contr. Sci. (Los Angel.) 309: 1-7.
- Francoeur. A. 1973. Revision taxonomique des especes nearctiques du group fusca, genre Formica. Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Quebec 3: 1-316.
- Gregg, R.T. 1963. The Ants of Colorado.
- Hayes W. P. 1925. A preliminary list of the ants of Kansas (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). [concl.]. Entomological News 36: 69-73
- Johnson, R.A. and P.S. Ward. 2002. Biogeography and endemism of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Baja California, Mexico: a first overview. Journal of Biogeography 29:10091026/
- Knowlton G. F. 1970. Ants of Curlew Valley. Proceedings of the Utah Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters 47(1): 208-212.
- La Rivers I. 1968. A first listing of the ants of Nevada. Biological Society of Nevada, Occasional Papers 17: 1-12.
- Longino, J.T. 2010. Personal Communication. Longino Collection Database
- Mallis A. 1941. A list of the ants of California with notes on their habits and distribution. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 40: 61-100.
- MontBlanc E. M., J. C. Chambers, and P. F. Brussard. 2007. Variation in ant populations with elevation, tree cover, and fire in a Pinyon-Juniper-dominated watershed. Western North American Naturalist 67(4): 469491.
- Ratchford, J.S., S.E. Wittman, E.S. Jules, A.M. Ellison, N.J. Gotelli and N.J. Sanders. 2005. The effects of fire, local environment and time on ant assemblages in fens and forests. Diversity and Distributions 11:487-497.
- Rees D. M., and A. W. Grundmann. 1940. A preliminary list of the ants of Utah. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31(5): 1-12.
- Smith F. 1941. A list of the ants of Washington State. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 17(1): 23-28.
- Tanquary M. C. 1912. A preliminary list of ants from Illinois. Trans. Ill. Acad. Sci. 4: 137-142.
- Vasquez-Bolanos M. 2011. Checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Mexico. Dugesiana 18(1): 95-133.
- Vásquez-Bolaños M. 2011. Lista de especies de hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) para México. Dugesiana 18: 95-133
- Wheeler G. C., and E. W. Wheeler. 1944. Ants of North Dakota. North Dakota Historical Quarterly 11:231-271.
- Wheeler G. C., and J. Wheeler. 1986. The ants of Nevada. Los Angeles: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, vii + 138 pp.
- Wheeler W. M. 1906. Fauna of New England. 7. List of the Formicidae. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History 7: 1-24
- Wheeler W. M. 1906. Fauna of New England. 7. List of the Formicidae. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History 7: 1-24.
- Wheeler W. M. 1913. A revision of the ants of the genus Formica (Linné) Mayr. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 53: 379-565.
- Wheeler W. M. 1916. Formicoidea. Formicidae. Pp. 577-601 in: Viereck, H. L. 1916. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Part III. The Hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. Connecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey. Bulletin 22: 1-824.
- Wheeler W. M. 1917. The mountain ants of western North America. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 52: 457-569.
- Wheeler, G.C. and J. Wheeler. 1978. Mountain ants of Nevada. Great Basin Naturalist 35(4):379-396
- Wheeler, G.C. and J. Wheeler. 1988. A checklist of the ants of Montana. Psyche 95:101-114
- Pages using DynamicPageList3 parser function
- North temperate
- North subtropical
- Ant Associate
- Host of Formica densiventris
- Host of Formica puberula
- Host of Polyergus mexicanus
- Braconid wasp Associate
- Host of Elasmosoma vigilans
- Fungus Associate
- Host of Laboulbenia formicarium
- Host of Laboulbenia formicarum
- FlightMonth
- Species
- Extant species
- Formicidae
- Formicinae
- Formicini
- Formica
- Formica subpolita
- Formicinae species
- Formicini species
- Formica species
- Need Overview
- Need Body Text
- Fusca group