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Lordomyrma
| Lordomyrma | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lordomyrma furcifera | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Crematogastrini |
| Alliance: | Lordomyrma genus group |
| Genus: | Lordomyrma Emery, 1897 |
| Type species | |
| Lordomyrma furcifera | |
| Diversity | |
| 36 species (Species Checklist, Species by Country)
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| Synonyms | |
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Members of the genus are small and inconspicuous, maintain colonies of modest size and tend to be shy and retiring when disturbed. Most species are denizens of the leaf litter in wet forest habitat, but some are known to nest and forage arboreally (Lucky and Sarnat 2008, Sarnat 2006).
Blaimer et al. (2018) found that Lordomyrma as presently defined is paraphyletic with respect to the genera Lasiomyrma, Propodilobus and Ancyridris. They also found that these four genera occur within a paraphyletic Mayriella genus-group (which includes Dacatria, Kartidris, Mayriella, Proatta and Tetheamyrma).
Identification
Morphologically, the genus is characterized by 12-merous antennae, a simple sting with straight apex, triangular mandibles with seven or more teeth decreasing in size from apex to base, well-developed propodeal spines, a bicarinate clypeus and elongate frontal carinae. All known Asian species and most others have well-defined antennal foveae also (Bolton 1994, Taylor 2009, 2012, Lucky and Sarnat 2010). This morphological interpretation, however, does not apply to all of the described species within the genus, nor does it exclude taxa which belong to morphologically similar genera. Consequently, assigning species to Lordomyrma is problematic, and probably a number of taxa related to Lordomyrma await shuffling (Shattuck 1999, Branstatter 2009, Taylor 2009, 2012, Lucky and Sarnat 2010).
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Keys including this Genus
Keys to Species in this Genus
Distribution
Distribution and Richness based on AntMaps
Species by Region
Number of species within biogeographic regions, along with the total number of species for each region.
| Afrotropical Region | Australasian Region | Indo-Australian Region | Malagasy Region | Nearctic Region | Neotropical Region | Oriental Region | Palaearctic Region | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | 0 | 6 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 3 |
| Total Species | 2841 | 1736 | 3045 | 932 | 835 | 4379 | 1741 | 2862 |
Fossils
Fossils are known from: Zhangpu amber, Zhangpu County, Fujian Province, China (Miocene) (an unidentified species, Wang et al., 2021).
Biology
Funnel-shaped entrances recorded in a nest from Danum Valley, similar in shape to Malagidris sofina.
Information about the Lordomyrma of Fiji.
Life History Traits
- Mean colony size: 13-66 (Greer et al., 2021)
- Compound colony type: not parasitic (Greer et al., 2021)
- Nest site: hypogaeic (Greer et al., 2021)
- Diet class: ? (Greer et al., 2021)
- Foraging stratum: subterranean/leaf litter (Greer et al., 2021)
Castes
Morphology
Worker Morphology
Explore: Show all Worker Morphology data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
• Eyes: 11-100 ommatidia • Pronotal Spines: absent • Mesonotal Spines: absent • Propodeal Spines: dentiform; present • Petiolar Spines: absent • Caste: none or weak • Sting: present • Metaplural Gland: present • Cocoon: absent
Karyotype
Species Uncertain
- Lordomyrma sp.1: n = 11, 2n = 22 (Malaysia) (Imai et al., 1983).
All Karyotype Records for Genus
- See additional details at the Ant Chromosome Database.
- Explore: Show all Karyotype data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
| Taxon | Haploid | Diploid | Karyotype | Locality | Source | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lordomyrma | 11 | 22 | Malaysia | Imai et al., 1983 |
Phylogeny
| Myrmicinae |
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See Phylogeny of Myrmicinae for details.
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- LORDOMYRMA [Myrmicinae: Stenammini]
- Lordomyrma Emery, 1897c: 591. Type-species: Lordomyrma furcifera, by subsequent designation of Wheeler, W.M. 1911f: 166.
- [Type-species not Podomyrma caledonica, incorrect subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1919f: 98.]
- Lordomyrma senior synonym of Prodicroaspis, Promeranoplus: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106.
- PRODICROASPIS [junior synonym of Lordomyrma]
- Prodicroaspis Emery, 1914f: 414. Type-species: Prodicroaspis sarasini, by monotypy.
- Prodicroaspis junior synonym of Lordomyrma: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106.
- PROMERANOPLUS [junior synonym of Lordomyrma]
- Promeranoplus Emery, 1914f: 412. Type-species: Promeranoplus rouxi, by monotypy.
- Promeranoplus junior synonym of Lordomyrma: Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 14; Bolton, 1994: 106.
References
- Blaimer, B.B., Ward, P.S., Schultz, T.R., Fisher, B.L., Brady, S.G. 2018. Paleotropical diversification dominates the evolution of the hyperdiverse ant tribe Crematogastrini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Insect Systematics and Diversity 2(5): 3; 1-14 (doi:10.1093/isd/ixy013).
- Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp. (page 106, Lordomyrma senior synonym of Prodicroaspis and Promeranoplus; Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini)
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 204, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Stenammini [Type-species not Podomyrma caledonica, incorrect subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1919b:98.])
- Cantone S. 2018. Winged Ants, The queen. Dichotomous key to genera of winged female ants in the World. The Wings of Ants: morphological and systematic relationships (self-published).
- Dlussky, G. M.; Fedoseeva, E. B. 1988. Origin and early stages of evolution in ants. Pp. 70-144 in: Ponomarenko, A. G. (ed.) Cretaceous biocenotic crisis and insect evolution. Moskva: Nauka, 232 pp. (page 80, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini)
- Emery, C. 1897e. Viaggio di Lamberto Loria nella Papuasia orientale. XVIII. Formiche raccolte nella Nuova Guinea dal Dott. Lamberto Loria. [concl.]. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. 38[=(2(18): 577-594 (page 591, Lordomyrma as genus)
- Emery, C. 1912b. Études sur les Myrmicinae. [I-IV.]. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 56: 94-105 (page 105, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini[Type-species not Podomyrma caledonica, incorrect subsequent designation by Wheeler, W.M. 1919f: 98.] )
- Emery, C. 1914e. Intorno alla classificazione dei Myrmicinae. Rend. Sess. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna Cl. Sci. Fis. (n.s.) 18: 29-42 (page 41, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini)
- Emery, C. 1924f [1922]. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Myrmicinae. [concl.]. Genera Insectorum 174C: 207-397 (page 238, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini [subtribe Podomyrmini])
- Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 51: 229-253 (page 244, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini)
- Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1990. The ants. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, xii + 732 pp. (page 14, , Lordomyrma senior synonym of Prodicroaspis and Promeranoplus; Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Pheidolini)
- Kugler, C. 1994. A revision of the ant genus Rogeria with description of the sting apparatus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). J. Hym. Res. 3: 17-89 (page 25, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini)
- Liu, C., Fischer, G., Hita Garcia, F., Yamane, S., Liu, Q., Peng, Y.Q., Economo, E.P., Guénard, B., Pierce, N.E. 2020. Ants of the Hengduan Mountains: a new altitudinal survey and updated checklist for Yunnan Province highlight an understudied insect biodiversity hotspot. ZooKeys 978, 1–171 (doi:10.3897/zookeys.978.55767).
- Liu, X., Xu. Z., Hita Garcia, F. 2021. Taxonomic review of the ant genus Lordomyrma Emery, 1897 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from China, with description of two new species and an identification key to the known species of the world. Asian Myrmecology 14: e014007 (doi:10.20362/am.014007).
- Lucky, A. and E.M. Sarnat. 2008. New species of Lordomyrma from Southeast Asia and Fiji. Zootaxa. 1681:37-46.
- Taylor, R.W. 2012. Ants of the genus Lordomyrma Emery (2) The Japanese L. azumai (Santschi) and six new species from India, Viet Nam and the Philippines (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Zootaxa, 3282, 45–60.
- Wang, B., Shi, G., Xu, C., Spicer, R. A., Perrichot, V., Schmidt, A. R., Feldberg, K., Heinrichs, J., Chény, C., Pang, H., Liu, X., Gao, T., Wang, Z., Ślipiński, A., Solórzano-Kraemer, M. M., Heads, S. W., Thomas, M. J., Sadowski, E. M., Szwedo, J., Azar, D., Nel, A., Liu, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, Q., Zhang, Q., Luo, C., Yu, T., Zheng, D., Zhang, H., Engel, M. S. 2021. The mid-Miocene Zhangpu biota reveals an outstandingly rich rainforest biome in East Asia. Science advances, 7(18), eabg0625 (doi:10.1126/sciadv.abg0625).
- Wheeler, W. M. 1910b. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. (page 139, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmicini)
- Wheeler, W. M. 1911g. A list of the type species of the genera and subgenera of Formicidae. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 21: 157-175 (page 166, Type-species: Lordomyrma furcifera, by subsequent designation )
- Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 663, Lordomyrma in Myrmicinae, Myrmecinini)