Drilldown: Associate

host (48)

fungus (36) · trematode (12)

Ophiocordyceps unilateralis · Aphis craccivora · Aphis gossypii · Mermithidae (unspecified "Mermix") · Myrmicinosporidium durum · Aphis fabae · Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae · unknown · Laboulbenia formicarum · Brachycaudus cardui · Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila · Formica fusca · Raillietina tetragona · Ophiocordyceps australis · Kapala sp. · Ophiocordyceps formicarum · Polyergus mexicanus · Megaselia sp. · Aphis asclepiadis · Beauveria bassiana

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parasite (6) · parasitoid (10) · pathogen (34)

None (16) · Austria (1) · Canada (Alberta) (1) · Denmark (1) · France (1) · France, Croatia, Switzerland (2) · Galapagos Islands (1) · Germany (3) · Italy (2) · Italy, France, Croatia, Switzerland (1) · Italy, Spain, Yugoslavia (1) · Japan (1) · Portugal (7) · Spain (1) · Texas, United States (1) · Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia (2) · Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, Poland, France, Croatia (Krk), Switzerland (1) · United States (7)

Botnevik et al., 2016; de Bekker et al., 2018 (1) · Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (2) · Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Csősz et al., 2012 (2) · de Bekker et al., 2018 (3) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (5) · Espadaler, 1997 (1) · García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Giehr et al., 2015 (1) · Gonçalves et al., 2012 (1) · Gonçalves et al., 2012. (6) · Hohorst & Graefe, 1961 (2) · Holldobler, 1929; Holldobler, 1933; Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Buschinger et al., 2004; Csosz et al., 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Holldobler, 1933; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Hosoishi et al., 2020 (1) · Pereira, 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (7) · Quevillon, 2018 (10) · Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (2) · Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · van Paridon et al., 2017; Martin-Vega et al., 2018; Criscione et al., 2020 (1)

None (40) · as ''Plagiolepis vindobonensis'' (1) · encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest (3) · encounter mode primary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest (6) · encounter mode secondary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest (1)