Drilldown: Associate

host (60)

ant (15) · fungus (37) · nematode (9)

Ophiocordyceps unilateralis · Aphis craccivora · Aphis gossypii · Mermithidae (unspecified "Mermix") · Myrmicinosporidium durum · Aphis fabae · Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae · Brachycaudus cardui · unknown · Raillietina tetragona · Ophiocordyceps australis · Formica fusca · Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila · Kapala sp. · Ophiocordyceps formicarum · Laboulbenia formicarum · Cinara pini · Aphis asclepiadis · Megaselia sp. · Aphis pomi

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dulotic parasite (15) · parasite (9) · parasitoid (4) · pathogen (34)

None (23) · Australia (N. Queensland) (2) · Austria (1) · France (1) · France, Croatia, Switzerland (1) · Galapagos Islands (1) · Hungary (1) · Italy (1) · Italy, France, Croatia, Switzerland (1) · Italy, Spain, Yugoslavia (1) · Japan (2) · Poland (3) · Portugal (7) · Portugal, Slovenia, Spain (1) · Portugal, Spain (1) · Spain (1) · Texas, United States (1) · Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia (2) · Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, Poland, France, Croatia (Krk), Switzerland (1) · United States (7) · USA, Florida (3)

None (2) · Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Csosz & Majoros, 2009; Laciny, 2021 (1) · Csősz et al., 2012 (2) · Czechowsk et al., 2007; Laciny, 2021 (3) · Downes, 2017; Laciny, 2021 (2) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (5) · Espadaler, 1997 (1) · García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · García & Espadaler, 2010; Gonçalves et al., 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · García, F., Espadaler, X. 2010; Espadaler & Roig, 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; Gonçalves et al., 2012 (1) · Giehr et al., 2015 (1) · Gonçalves et al., 2012 (1) · Gonçalves et al., 2012. (6) · Holldobler, 1929; Holldobler, 1933; Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Buschinger et al., 2004; Csosz et al., 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Hosoishi et al., 2020 (2) · Mackay and Mackay 2002; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · McInnes & Tschinkel, 1996; Laciny, 2021 (3) · Mitchell & Jouvenaz, 1985; Laciny, 2021 (1) · Moffett, 2010; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · Pereira, 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (7) · Quevillon, 2018 (4) · Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (2) · Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (1) · Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (9) · Trager, 2013; Sulger et al., 2014; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1)

None (49) · as ''Formica'' cf. ''occulta'' (1) · as ''Plagiolepis vindobonensis'' (1) · as ''Polyergus breviceps'' (1) · doubtful, ''P. breviceps'' more likely (1) · encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest (4) · identity of slave maker need confirmation, likely not ''P. mexicanus'' (1) · properly ''Polyergus umbratus'' (3) · true slave maker ''Polyergus laeviceps'' (1)