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Notostigma
| Notostigma | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Formicinae |
| Tribe: | Melophorini |
| Genus: | Notostigma Emery, 1920 |
| Type species | |
| Camponotus carazzii, now Notostigma carazzii | |
| Diversity | |
| 2 species (Species Checklist, Species by Country)
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Species of Notostigma are among the largest ants found in Australia. They can be quite common where they occur, but because they forage singly and almost exclusively at night they are often overlooked. Nests are in soil, either with a moderatelly large mound or soil around the entrance (Notostigma foreli) or under stones or wood (Notostigma carazzii). Foraging activity has been reviewed by Taylor (1992).
Identification
Shattuck (1999) - The antennal sockets are separated from the rear margin of the clypeus by a gap greater than the smallest diameter of the scape. The mandibles have more than ten teeth. The simple eyes (ocelli) are present on the top of the head. They are large ants, over 10mm in total length, with elongate bodies nad long antennal scapes.
Species of Notostimgma can be separated from other formicinies by their large body size, long scapes, numerous mandibular teeth and the presence of a small opening above the hind legs (the metapleural gland opening). The are most commonly confused with larger species of Camponotus, but they differ as mentioned.
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Keys including this Genus
Keys to Species in this Genus
Distribution
Distribution and Richness based on AntMaps
Species by Region
Number of species within biogeographic regions, along with the total number of species for each region.
| Afrotropical Region | Australasian Region | Indo-Australian Region | Malagasy Region | Nearctic Region | Neotropical Region | Oriental Region | Palaearctic Region | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total Species | 2841 | 1736 | 3045 | 932 | 835 | 4379 | 1741 | 2862 |
Biology
Life History Traits
- Mean colony size: ? (Greer et al., 2021)
- Compound colony type: not parasitic (Greer et al., 2021)
- Nest site: hypogaeic (Greer et al., 2021)
- Diet class: ? (Greer et al., 2021)
- Foraging stratum: subterranean/leaf litter (Greer et al., 2021)
- Foraging behaviour: solitary (Greer et al., 2021)
Castes
Morphology
Worker Morphology
Explore: Show all Worker Morphology data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
• Antennal segment count: 12 • Antennal club: absent • Palp formula: 6,4 • Total dental count: 11-13 • Spur formula: 1 pectinate, 1 pectinate • Eyes: >100 ommatidia • Scrobes: absent • Pronotal Spines: absent • Mesonotal Spines: absent • Propodeal Spines: absent • Petiolar Spines: absent • Caste: dimorphic • Sting: absent • Metaplural Gland: present • Cocoon: present
Phylogeny
| Formicinae |
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See Phylogeny of Formicinae for details.
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- NOTOSTIGMA [Formicinae: Notostigmatini]
- Notostigma Emery, 1920b: 252. Type-species: Camponotus carazzii, by original designation.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
References
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 126, Notostigma in Formicinae, Notostigmatini)
- Boudinot, B.E., Borowiec, M.L., Prebus, M.M. 2022. Phylogeny, evolution, and classification of the ant genus Lasius, the tribe Lasiini and the subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Systematic Entomology 47, 113-151 (doi:10.1111/syen.12522).
- Cantone S. 2018. Winged Ants, The queen. Dichotomous key to genera of winged female ants in the World. The Wings of Ants: morphological and systematic relationships (self-published).
- Emery, C. 1920b. Le genre Camponotus Mayr. Nouvel essai de la subdivision en sous-genres. Rev. Zool. Afr. (Bruss.) 8: 229-260 (page 252, Notostigma as genus)
- Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 56, Notostigma in Formicinae, Camponotini)
- Greer, J. A., Moreau, C. S. 2021. Phylogenetic analysis and trait evolution of ant cocoons. Insect Systematics & Evolution 53(1), 60–77 (doi:10.1163/1876312x-bja10008).
- Taylor, R. W. 1992a. Nomenclature and distribution of some Australian and New Guinean ants of the subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). J. Aust. Entomol. Soc. 31:57-69.
- Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 703, Notostigma in Formicinae, Camponotini)