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Camponotini
| Camponotini | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Formicinae |
| Tribe: | Camponotini Forel, 1878 |
| Type genus | |
| Camponotus | |
| Diversity | |
| 8 genera 2,492 species 3 fossil genera 6 fossil species | |
| Synonyms | |
Taxonomically, Camponotus and the tribe Camponotini more broadly is one of the most challenging puzzles in the Formicidae, and not merely due to the massive size of these taxa (1,504 species and subspecies in Camponotus). Although some genera in the tribe are reasonably identifiable based on external morphology (e.g., Ward et al. 2016), others, such as the fundamental distinction between Colobopsis—which is sister to all other Camponotini—and the hyperdiverse Camponotus is challenging even with extant material in hand and under the microscope (Ward and Boudinot, 2021; Boudinot et al., 2024).
Identification
All members of this tribe have a unique, vertically inherited bacterial symbiont, Blochmannia, whose evolutionary history mirrors that of the ants (Wernegreen et al. 2009). Morphologically the workers of Camponotini can be recognized by the combination of distinctive mandibular dentition (5–8 teeth, with the third tooth from apex not reduced in size), antennal insertions well separated from the posterior clypeal margin, and twelve antennal segments (Bolton 1994, 2003) (Ward et al., 2016).
List of Genera
Extant Genera
Fossil Genera
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- CAMPONOTINI [tribe of Formicinae]
- Camponotidae Forel, 1878: 364. Type-genus: Camponotus Mayr, 1861: 35.
Taxonomic History
- Camponotini as subfamily of Formicidae: Forel, 1878: 364 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1879a: 56 [Camponotidae]; Emery, 1887a: 210 [Camponotidae]; Nasonov, 1889: 9 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1891b: 13 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1892j: 219 [Camponotidae]; Forel, 1893a: 165 [Camponotinae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 171 [Camponotinae]; Emery, 1895j: 771 [subfamily spelled Camponotini]; Emery, 1896d: 187 [Camponotinae]; Forel, 1899c: 123 [Camponotinae]; Bingham, 1903: 308 [Camponotinae]; Forel, 1903c: 250 [Camponotinae]; Ashmead, 1905b: 384 [Camponotinae]; Ruzsky, 1905b: 109 [Camponotinae]; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 143 [Camponotinae]; Forel, 1912i: 87 [Camponotinae]; Forel, 1915d: 45 [Camponotinae]; Donisthorpe, 1915d: 184 [Camponotinae]; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Camponotini]; Forel, 1917: 248 [Camponotinae]; Arnold, 1920a: 551 [Camponotinae]; Soudek, 1922: 61 [Camponotinae].
- Camponotini as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1882a: 126 [Camponotidae].
- Camponotini as family: Emery, 1894g: 372 [Camponotidae].
- Camponotini as tribe of Camponotidae: Forel, 1886f: 141 [Camponotii]; Forel, 1891b: 13 [Camponotii].
- Camponotini as tribe of Camponotinae: Forel, 1893a: 165 [Camponotii]; Forel, 1895b: 101 [Camponoti]; Emery, 1895j: 772 [Camponotii]; Forel, 1899c: 130 [Camponotii]; Ruzsky, 1902d: 4 [subfamily spelled Camponotini]; Ruzsky, 1905b: 110 [Camponotii]; Wheeler, W.M. 1910g: 144 [Camponotii].
- Camponotini as tribe of Camponotinae: Ashmead, 1905b: 384; Wheeler, 1915g: 813 [Camponotides]; Wheeler, W.M. 1915h: 135; Forel, 1915d: 45; Forel, 1917: 250; Arnold, 1922: 610; Soudek, 1922: 61.
- Camponotini as tribe of Formicinae: Bondroit, 1918: 65; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 693; Emery, 1925b: 53; subsequent authors; Bolton, 2003: 26, 111; Ward, et al. 2016: 344.
- Camponotini as senior synonym of Polyrhachidini: Bolton, 1994: 50.
- Camponotini as senior synonym of *Paleosminthuridae: Snelling, R.R. (pers. comm., unpublished).
Taxonomic References
Forel, 1878: 364, 367 (diagnosis, genus groups); Forel, 1893a: 165 (diagnosis, synoptic classification); Forel, 1912i: 87 (classification); Forel, 1917: 250 (synoptic classification); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 700 (genera, key); Emery, 1925b: 53 (diagnosis, genera key); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1970: 652 (larva diagnosis); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976b: 65 (larvae, review and synthesis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 77 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 18 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1039 (census); Bolton, 2003: 26, 111 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ward, et al. 2016: 345 (synopsis).