Camponotus japonicus

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Camponotus japonicus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Formicinae
Tribe: Camponotini
Genus: Camponotus
Species: C. japonicus
Binomial name
Camponotus japonicus
Mayr, 1866

Camponotus japonicus casent0249983 p 1 high.jpg

Camponotus japonicus casent0249983 d 1 high.jpg

Specimen Labels

Synonyms


Common Name
Kuro-oo-ari
Language: Japanese

This species nests in soil in open habitats, the nest entrance opening directly and without a surrounding mound (Japanese Ant Image Database). Mizuno et al. (2018) studied interactions between this ant and the myrmecophytic butterfly Lampides argyrognomon.

Identification

Keys including this Species

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 56° to 29.383333°.

   
North
Temperate 		North
Subtropical 		Tropical South
Subtropical 		South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Philippines.
Oriental Region: Pakistan.
Palaearctic Region: China, Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, Japan (type locality), Mongolia, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation.

Distribution based on AntMaps

AntMapLegend.png

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
pChart

Biology

Mizuno et al (2018) - Myrmecophilous lycaenid caterpillars have close relationships with their ant hosts by means of various myrmecophilous organs, most of which are usually lost after pupation. However, some lycaenid species, including Lycaeides argyrognomon, maintain such relationships at the pupal stage and go so far as to pupate in ant nests. This invokes the hypothesis that these myrmecophilous lycaenid pupae might have alternative tactics to retain myrmecophilous interactions without ant attacks. Camponotus japonicus, Formica japonica, and Lasius japonicus exhibited distinctive aggressive behaviors against ant cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) from different colonies of the same species but few attacks against the crude extract of L. argyrognomon pupae. GC-MS analysis revealed that the pupal cuticular lipids contain not only CHCs but also several long-chained aliphatic aldehydes, including 1-octacosanal and 1-triacontanal, which are absent from larval cuticular lipids. With the addition of synthesized 1-octacosanal and 1-triacontanal to ant CHCs from different colonies of the same species, the aggressive behavior decreased in C. japonicus, and the duration of physical contact shortened in C. japonicus and F. japonica. However, the behavior of L. japonicus remained unaffected after the addition of those aldehydes. These results suggest that the pupae-specific cuticular aldehydes of L. argyrognomon suppress ant aggression even after the loss of certain myrmecophilous organs, though the effects varied depending on the attending ant species. Since L. argyrognomon occasionally pupate in the nests of C. japonicus in the field, the lycaenids might be better adapted to associations with C. japonicus than with the other two ant species studied.

Flight Period

X X
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Source: Abe, 1973. Notes: Japan.

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Association with Other Organisms

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Other Ants

This species is a host for the ant Polyrhachis lamellidens (a temporary parasite) (Kohriba, 1963).

Hemiptera

  • This species is a mutualist for the aphid Chaitophorus saliniger (a trophobiont) (Hembry et al., 2006; Saddiqui et al., 2019).

Hymenoptera

Fungi

This species is a host for the fungus Ophiocordyceps formicarum (a pathogen) (Shrestha et al., 2017).

Castes

Worker

Camponotus-japonicusH2x.jpgCamponotus-japonicusL1.25.jpgCamponotus-japonicusD1.25x.jpgCamponotus-japonicusLabel.jpg
. Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • japonicus. Camponotus japonicus Mayr, 1866b: 885 (w.) JAPAN.
    • Type-material: holotype (?) worker.
    • [Note: no indication of number of specimens is given.]
    • Type-locality: Japan: (no further data).
    • Type-depository: NHMW (or perhaps NNML as description has “Mus. Leyden”).
    • Forel, 1904b: 380 (m.); Wheeler, W.M. 1906c: 324 (s.q.); Imai & Kubota, 1972: 195 (k.).
    • Combination in C. (Camponotus): Forel, 1914a: 266.
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Forel, 1879a: 56; Emery, 1896d: 372 (in list).
    • Subspecies of pennsylvanicus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 247; Emery, 1893g: 268; Forel, 1900e: 270; Forel, 1904b: 380; Ruzsky, 1905b: 239; Forel, 1907e: 19.
    • Subspecies of herculeanus: Wheeler, W.M. 1906c: 324; Emery, 1908a: 186; Wheeler, W.M. 1909d: 343; Yano, 1910: 422; Karavaiev, 1912b: 593; Forel, 1913f: 200; Ruzsky, 1916: 4; Ruzsky, 1920: 79; Wheeler, W.M. 1921c: 544; Wheeler, W.M. 1923b: 5; Ruzsky, 1925b: 42; Kiseleva, 1925: 73; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1928b: 2; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929a: 17; Teranishi, 1940: 24, 68, 72; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Azuma, 1953: 5; Azuma, 1955: 80.
    • Status as species: Smith, F. 1874: 402; Bingham, 1903: 370; Forel, 1914a: 266; Santschi, 1920h: 173; Santschi, 1924c: 114; Emery, 1925b: 73; Santschi, 1925f: 88; Ruzsky, 1926: 108; Wheeler, W.M. 1927e: 3; Wheeler, W.M. 1928d: 116; Wheeler, W.M. 1929f: 9; Karavaiev, 1929b: 212; Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 75; Stitz, 1934: 4; Morisita, 1945: 22; Azuma, 1950: 35; Azuma, 1951: 88; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 221; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Collingwood, 1962: 220, 223; Baltazar, 1966: 268; Arnol'di, 1967: 1826; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1970: 86; Collingwood, 1976: 307; Azuma, 1977: 116; Onoyama, 1980: 200; Collingwood, 1981: 29; Wang, C., Xiao & Wu, 1989a: 224 (in key); Kupyanskaya, 1990: 169; Morisita, et al. 1991: 41; Wang, M., 1992: 681; Wu, J. & Wang, 1992: 1313; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 115; Radchenko, 1994b: 116 (in key); Wang, C. & Wu, 1994: 31 (in key); Bolton, 1995b: 106; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 181; Radchenko, 1996b: 1202 (in key); Radchenko, 1997a: 555; Terayama, 1999b: 30 (in key); Zhou, 2001b: 210; Zhang, W. & Zheng, 2002: 218; Imai, et al. 2003: 39; Radchenko, 2005b: 158; Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 77; Zhou, 2006: 588; Pfeiffer, et al. 2007: 4; Ran & Zhou, 2011: 68; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 28; Rasheed, et al. 2019: 429.
    • Senior synonym of manczshuricus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 31; Radchenko, 1997a: 556.
    • Senior synonym of miltotus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 106; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.
    • Senior synonym of sanguinea Karavaiev: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 106; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.
    • Senior synonym of wui: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 106; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.
    • Distribution: China, India, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Russia.
  • manczshuricus. Camponotus (Camponotus) japonicus var. manczshuricus Emery, 1925b: 73.
    • [First available use of Camponotus herculeanus subsp. japonicus var. manczshuricus Ruzsky, 1915a: 420 (w.) RUSSIA; unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
    • Type-localities: Russia: Manchuria, Kuan-chén-tszy, 9.viii.1904 (E. Ruzsky), Samin-khé, 11.ix.1904 (E. Ruzsky), Lamatenza, ca 15 verst. W Fynkhaza, 28-30.v.1905 (A. Martynov)
    • Type-depository: unknown (syntypes lost) (Radchenko, 1997a: 556).
    • [Misspelled as mandzhuricus by Ruzsky, 1925b: 42; misspelled as mandcshuricus by Ruzsky, 1926: 109; misspelled as manczhuricus by Arnol'di, 1967: 1827.]
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Ruzsky, 1925b: 42.
    • [Note: Emery, 1925b, and Ruzsky, 1925b, have the same date of publication (31.xii.1925), but as the name appears in unavailable form in Ruzsky, 1925b, priority belongs to Emery, 1925b.]
    • Subspecies of japonicus: Ruzsky, 1926: 109; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 221.
    • Junior synonym of herculeanus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 47.
    • Junior synonym of aterrimus: Arnol'di, 1967: 1827; Bolton, 1995b: 110.
    • Junior synonym of japonicus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 31; Radchenko, 1997a: 556.
  • miltotus. Camponotus japonicus var. miltotus Wheeler, W.M. 1929f: 9 (s.) CHINA (Beijing).
    • Type-material: holotype major worker.
    • Type-locality: China: Peking (C.F. Wu).
    • Type-depository: MCZC.
    • Subspecies of japonicus: Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 75; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 221.
    • Junior synonym of japonicus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 111; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.
  • sanguinea. Camponotus (Camponotus) japonicus var. sanguinea Karavaiev, 1929b: 212 (s.w.q.) RUSSIA, CHINA, NORTH KOREA.
    • Type-material: syntype major and minor workers, syntype queens (numbers not stated).
    • [Note: Martynov & Radchenko, 2016: 247, cite 13w syntypes NMAS (plus 232w in alcohol).]
    • Type-localities: Russia: Ussuri region, Brovnitshi, Sutshan-Rayon, 27.viii.1926, nos 3109, 3110 (P. Verestshak), Ussuri region, Lake Chanka, Sivakovka, v.1927, no. 3549 (A. Kistyakovsky), Russia: nr Vladivostok, Kosmina Bay Beach, in Amerika Bay, 12.v.1900, no. 3789 (P. Schmidt), China: Manchuria, Chailar, no. 3639 (coll. V. Karavajev), Korea: N Korea, between Tshykteni and Tshaansa, 3.viii.1900, no. 3589 (P. Schmidt).
    • Type-depository: NMAS (perhaps also SIZK).
    • Subspecies of japonicus: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 221.
    • Junior synonym of japonicus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 122; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.
  • wui. Camponotus japonicus subsp. wui Wheeler, W.M. 1929f: 9 (w.) CHINA (Jiangsu).
    • Type-material: holotype minor worker.
    • Type-locality: China: Soochow (C.F. Wu).
    • Type-depository: MCZC.
    • Subspecies of japonicus: Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 75; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 222.
    • Junior synonym of japonicus: Yasumatsu & Brown, 1951: 36; Yasumatsu & Brown, 1957: 49; Bolton, 1995b: 130; Radchenko, 1997a: 556; Zhou, 2001b: 210.

The following notes on V.A. Karavaiev type specimens have been provided by Martynov & Radchenko (2016) based on material held in the Institute of Zoology, Ukrainian Academy of Science:

Camponotus japonicus Mayr. var. sanguinea Karawajew, 1929b: 212, w, q.

Type locality(-ies): “Borovnitschi, Sutshan-Rayon im Ussurigebiet, 27.VIII.1926 (Nr. 3109, 3110), P. Verestshak, zahlreiche Soldaten und ww aus der Kolonie.—Strand der Bucht Kosmina in der grösseren Buht Amerika bei Vladivostok, 12.V.1900 (Nr. 3789), P. Schmidt, Soldaten, ww und geflügelte und flügellose qq.—Sivakovka am See Chanka, Ussurigebiet, V.1927 (Nr. 3549), A. Kistjakovskij, 2 Soldaten.—Chailar, Mandshurei (Nr. 3639), Coll. Karavajevi, 1 Soldat.—Zwischen Tshyktenj und Tshaansa, Nordkorea, 3.VIII.1900 (Nr. 3589), P. Schmidt, 1 Soldat”.

Original Karawajew label(-s): “Camponotus (Camponotus) / japonicus Mayr / Бровничи Сучан. р. Примор. об. / П. Верещак. 3109 и др. [Brovnichi Suchan Distr. Primorsky Prov. / P. Vereschak. Nr. 3109 et al.]”.

Material: SYNTYPES, 13 w (newly mounted, IN 314/6/1), 232 w, 10 pupae (in alcohol, IN 314/BAMS1/Karaw47–49).

Notes. Despite the original Karawajew label identifying this taxon as Camponotus japonicus, the locality and collection numbers correspond to the data for the type specimens of var. sanguinea (Karawajew 1929b). Moreover, in the Karawajew collection at SIZK there is abundant material with the same labels and an additional original Karawajew label “Camponotus (Camponotus) japonicus Mayr v. sanguinea Karawajew typus”.

Description

Karyotype

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  • n = 13; 14, 2n = 26 (Japan) (Imai, 1966; Imai, 1969; Imai & Kubota, 1972; Imai & Yosida, 1964) (In Imai et al. 1966 as Camponotus sp.; Lorite and Palomeque 2010 states that this karyotype could be a mistake).

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

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