Drilldown: Associate

host (23) · mutualist (16)

aphid (16) · eucharitid wasp (4) · fungus (19)

Ophiocordyceps unilateralis · Aphis craccivora · Aphis gossypii · Mermithidae (unspecified "Mermix") · Myrmicinosporidium durum · Aphis fabae · Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae · Brachycaudus cardui · unknown · Raillietina tetragona · Formica fusca · Kapala sp. · Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila · Ophiocordyceps australis · Laboulbenia formicarum · Ophiocordyceps formicarum · Aphis asclepiadis · Cinara pini · Megaselia sp. · Aphis pomi

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parasite (19) · parasitoid (1) · pathogen (18) · trophobiont (16)

None (35) · Pakistan (2)

None (1) · Akyürek et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (4) · Akyildirim et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (1) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (16) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; Quevillon, 2018 (1) · Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020 (2) · Jones, 1927; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (4) · Mortazavi et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (1) · Novgorodova, 2005; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (3) · Quevillon, 2018 (16) · Stary, 1969; Saddiqui et al., 2019 (1) · Universal Chalcidoidea Database (4)

None (31) · encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest (15) · multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest (1) · note that the ants involved were identified as ''P. breviceps'' and predate Trager's (2013) revision. It is likely that these are actually ''P. mexicanus'' but this has yet to be confirmed (1) · primary host (4)