Dorylus helvolus

AntWiki: The Ants --- Online
Dorylus helvolus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Dorylinae
Genus: Dorylus
Species: D. helvolus
Binomial name
Dorylus helvolus
(Linnaeus, 1764)

Dorylus helvolus casent0106079 profile 1.jpg

Dorylus helvolus casent0106079 dorsal 1.jpg

Specimen Label

Subspecies
Synonyms

Identification

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 25.45° to -34.48333°.

     
North
Temperate
North
Subtropical
Tropical South
Subtropical
South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Afrotropical Region: Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa (type locality), United Republic of Tanzania.
Palaearctic Region: Italy.

Distribution based on AntMaps

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Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
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Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
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Biology

Association with Other Organisms

Explore-icon.png Explore: Show all Associate data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
  • This species is a associate (details unknown) for the phorid fly Psyllomyia macropygidia (a associate (details unknown)) (Quevillon, 2018).

Castes

Phylogeny

Relationships among selected Dorylus species based on Kronauer et al. (2007).

Dorylus

Dorylus laevigatus

Dorylus conradti

Dorylus orientalis

Dorylus fimbriatus laevipodex

Dorylus fulvus

Dorylus spininodis

Dorylus mayri

Dorylus nigricans rubellus

Dorylus nigricans molestus

Dorylus nigricans terrificus

Dorylus wilverthi

Dorylus nigricans burmeisteri

Dorylus nigricans sjostedti

Dorylus nigricans arcens

Dorylus nigricans

Dorylus emeryi

Dorylus gerstaeckeri

Dorylus gribodoi

Dorylus kohli

Dorylus emeryi opacus

Dorylus braunsi

Dorylus affinis

Dorylus helvolus

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • helvolus. Vespa helvola Linnaeus, 1764: 412 (m.) SOUTH AFRICA.
    • Type-material: holotype male.
    • Type-locality: South Africa: “Habitat ad Cap. b. spei.” (= Cape of Good Hope) (Tulbagh).
    • Type-depository: ZMLS.
    • Linnaeus, 1767: 967 (w.); Emery, 1888b: 344 (q.); Arnold, 1915: 116 (s.w.q.m.).
    • Combination in Mutilla: Linnaeus, 1767: 967;
    • combination in Dorylus: Fabricius, 1793: 365; Fabricius, 1804; 427; Latreille, 1810: 437.
    • combination in D. (Dorylus): Emery, 1895j: 714.
    • Status as species: Linnaeus, 1767: 967; Fabricius, 1787: 313; Gmelin, 1790: 2807; Fabricius, 1793: 365; Fabricius, 1804: 427; Gravenhorst, 1807: 287; Jurine, 1807: 281 (in text); Latreille, 1809: 124; Latreille, 1810: 437; Leach, 1815: 147; Latreille, 1817b: 555; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 228; Shuckard, 1840c: 315; Westwood, 1842: 79; Smith, F. 1859b: 1; Dumeril, 1860: 901; Mayr, 1863: 408; Roger, 1863b: 41; Emery, 1888b: 349; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895a: 177; Emery, 1895h: 17; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1901c: 196 (in key); Wasmann, 1904b: 676; Mayr, 1907b: 7; Forel, 1907e: 14; Emery, 1910b: 10; Forel, 1910f: 4; Forel, 1913b: 311; Santschi, 1914b: 61; Santschi, 1914d: 332; Santschi, 1914e: 14; Arnold, 1915: 116 (redescription); Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 732; Prins, 1963: 97; Bolton, 1995b: 179; Hita Garcia, et al. 2013: 204; Borowiec, L. 2014: 71 (see note in bibliography).
    • Senior synonym of dorylus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 179.
    • Senior synonym of europaea: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 179.
    • Senior synonym of planifrons: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 179.
    • Senior synonym of punctata: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895h: 17; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 179.
    • Distribution: Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Italy, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Zimbabwe.
    • Current subspecies: nominal plus pretoriae.
  • dorylus. Mutilla dorylus Lamarck, 1817: 101 (m.) (no state data).
    • Type-material: same as Vespa helvola Linnaeus, 1764: 412.
    • [Note: Mutilla dorylus Lamarck is based on the holotype of Vespa helvola Linnaeus, 1764: 412, sensu Fabricius, 1793: 365.]
    • Type-locality: “Africa”.
    • Type-depository: ZMLS.
    • Junior synonym of helvolus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 178.
  • europaea. Typhlopone europaea Roger, 1859: 248, pl. 7, fig. 3 (w.) ITALY.
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
    • Type-locality: Italy: Turin (Bonelli).
    • Type-depository: MNHU.
    • Status as species: Roger, 1861a: 45; Mayr, 1861: 53 (in key); Roger, 1863b: 20; Mayr, 1863: 457; Dours, 1873: 167; André, 1874: 187 (in key).
    • Junior synonym of punctata: Emery & Forel, 1879: 465.
    • Junior synonym of helvolus: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 178.
  • planifrons. Dorylus planifrons Mayr, 1865: 74, pl. 3, fig. 21 (m.) SOUTH AFRICA.
    • Type-material: holotype(?) male.
    • [Note: no indication of number of specimens is given.]
    • Type-locality: South Africa: Cape Prov., Cape of Good Hope.
    • Type-depository: NHMW.
    • Junior synonym of helvolus: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 180.
  • punctata. Typhlopone punctata Smith, F. 1858b: 112 (w.) SOUTH AFRICA.
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
    • Type-locality: South Africa: Cape of Good Hope.
    • Type-depository: BMNH.
    • Combination in Dorylus: André, 1882c: 251.
    • Status as species: Roger, 1861a: 45; Mayr, 1862: 737; Roger, 1863b: 20; Mayr, 1863: 457; Mayr, 1865: 74; Emery & Forel, 1879: 464; André, 1882c: 251 (in key).
    • Junior synonym of helvolus: Emery, 1888b: 350; Dalla Torre, 1893: 11; Emery, 1895h: 17; Emery, 1895j: 714; Emery, 1910b: 10; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 733; Bolton, 1995b: 180.

Description

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

  • Addison P., and M. J. Samways. 2000. A survey of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) that forage in vineyards in the Western Cape Province, South Africa
  • Borowiec M. L. 2016. Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 608: 1–280.
  • Botes, A., M.A. McGeoch, H.G. Robertson, A. van Niekerk, H.P. Davids and S.L. Chown. 2006. Ants, altitude and change in the northern Cape Floristic Region. Journal of Biogeography 33:71-90
  • Emery C. 1895. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 8: 685-778.
  • Emery C. 1895. Voyage de M. E. Simon dans l'Afrique australe (janvier-avril 1893). 3e mémoire. Formicides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 64: 15-56.
  • Forel A. 1907. Formiciden aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. II. Teil. Neueingänge seit 1900. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 24: 1-20.
  • Forel A. 1910. Zoologische und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Südafrika ausgeführt in den Jahren 1903-1905 von Dr. Leonhard Schultze. Vierter Band. Systematik und Tiergeographie. D) Formicidae. Denkschriften der Medizinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft zu Jena 16: 1-30.
  • French K., and R. E. Major. 2001. Effect of an exotic Acacia (Fabaceae) on ant assemblages in South African fynbos. Austral Ecology 26: 303–310.
  • Hita Garcia F., E. Wiesel, G. Fischer. 2013. The ants of Kenya (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)—faunal overview, first species checklist, bibliography, accounts for all genera, and discussion on taxonomy and zoogeography. Journal of East African Natural History 101: 127-222.
  • IZIKO South Africa Museum Collection
  • Prins A. J. 1963. A list of the ants collected in the Kruger National Park with notes on their distribution. Koedoe 6: 91-108.
  • Prins A. J. 1964. Revised list of the ants collected in the Kruger National Park. Koedoe 7: 77-93.
  • Prins A. J., and J. J. Cillie. 1968. The ants collected in the Hluhluwe and Umfolozi game reserves. The Lammergeyer 8: 40-47.
  • Ratsirarson H., H. G. Robertson, M. D. Picker, and S. van Noort. 2002. Indigenous forests versus exotic eucalypt and pine plantations: a comparison of leaf-litter invertebrate communities. African Entomology 10(1): 93–99
  • Samways M. J. 1990. Species temporal variability: epigaeic ant assemblages and management for abundance and scarcity. Oecologia 84: 482-490.
  • Wheeler W. M. 1922. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VIII. A synonymic list of the ants of the Ethiopian region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45: 711-1004