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Rhinomyrmex
| Rhinomyrmex | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Formicinae |
| Tribe: | Camponotini |
| Genus: | Camponotus |
| Subgenus: | Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886 |
| Type species | |
| Rhinomyrmex klaesii, now Camponotus klaesii
| |
Big-nose Carpenter Ants
Diagnosis. Emery (1925). - "Minor worker. (After Forel) 'In lateral view, head low posteriorly, high towards frontal carinae, from the middle of which face somewhat shortened without precise truncation.'
'Clypeus produced anteriorly in form of nose or very short beak. Clypeus short, broad, strongly carinate, strongly longitudinally and transversely vaulted, or rather conical, or better still, trihedral. At two-thirds of its length, from posterior border, clypeus almost broken at right angles medially (in reality it forms a curve) and almost completely across its breadth, almost near antero-lateral angles. Anterior third of clypeus therefore truncated (analogous to genus Sima [see [Tetraponera]]) or rather reflected underneath and even posteriorly and falling almost perpendicularly to mouth. Median clypeal carina continues on anterior third of reflected portion. Anterior third of carina forming point of beak, which is on other hand formed by strong transverse convexity of clypeus, being almost conical.'
'Frontal carinae distant, strongly divergent, but less than in Mayria and still distinctly curved.'
'Eyes are located almost at head midlength relative to lateral head margins (excluding mandibles).'
Mesosoma rather strongly vaulted; dorsal surface of propodeum concave longitudinally. Petiolar scale thick, fairly low, biconvex dorsally.
Major (or soldier), queen, and male unknown.
Geographical distribution of the one species. - Sumatra.
Note: Forel (1914) assumed that this ant could well be an aberrant Colobopsis, whose soldier is still unknown; the position of the eyes speaks against this attribution. But this subgenus could perhaps be reunited at Myrmamblys. In this case, the name Rhinomyrmex would have priority. [Note: The distance between the frontal carinae is too narrow, further ruling out Colobopsis; it will be important to evaluate eye position across the heterogeneous subgenus Myrmamblys, as well as to sample taxa across the species groups of Myrmamblys to infer the position of Rhinomyrmex in a molecular framework, particularly as the former subgenus is unlikely to be monophyletic given its diversity and distribution.]"
(Translated and edited by B. E. Boudinot, 19 February 2017.)
Rhinomyrmex is currently a subgenus of Camponotus.
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- RHINOMYRMEX [subgenus of Camponotus]
- Rhinomyrmex Forel, 1886f: 192. Type-species: Rhinomyrmex klaesii, by monotypy.
- Rhinomyrmex subgenus of Camponotus: Emery, 1896d: 374.
References
- Ashmead, W. H. 1905c. A skeleton of a new arrangement of the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the ants, or the superfamily Formicoidea. Can. Entomol. 37: 381-384 (page 384, Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini)
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Mem. Am. Entomol. Inst. 71: 370pp (page 113 , Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Dalla Torre, K. W. von. 1893. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 7. Formicidae (Heterogyna). Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 289 pp. (page 219, Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae; Rhinomyrmex as genus)
- Emery, C. 1895l. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere 8: 685-778 (page 772, Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini; Rhinomyrmex as genus)
- Emery, C. 1896j. Saggio di un catalogo sistematico dei generi Camponotus, Polyrhachis e affini. Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna (5)5:363-382 (page 374, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Emery, C. 1920b. Le genre Camponotus Mayr. Nouvel essai de la subdivision en sous-genres. Rev. Zool. Afr. (Bruss.) 8: 229-260 (page 247, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 142, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Forel, A. 1886h. Études myrmécologiques en 1886. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 30: 131-215 (page 192, Rhinomyrmex as genus; Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae [Camponotii])
- Forel, A. 1893b. Sur la classification de la famille des Formicides, avec remarques synonymiques. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 37: 161-167 (page 165, Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini; Rhinomyrmex as genus)
- Forel, A. 1914a. Le genre Camponotus Mayr et les genres voisins. Rev. Suisse Zool. 22: 257-276 (page 264, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 51: 229-253 (page 251, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)
- Wheeler, W. M. 1910b. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. (page 144, Rhinomyrmex in Camponotinae, Camponotini; Rhinomyrmex as genus)
- Wheeler, W. M. 1922i. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VII. Keys to the genera and subgenera of ants. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 45: 631-710 (page 708, Rhinomyrmex as subgenus of Camponotus)