Polyrhachis zopyra

Polyrhachis zopyra
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Formicinae
Tribe:	Camponotini
Genus:	Polyrhachis
Subgenus:	Myrma
Species:	P. zopyra
Binomial name
Polyrhachis zopyra Smith, F., 1861 Specimen Labels
Subspecies
Polyrhachis zopyra imbellis Emery, 1887
Synonyms
Polyrhachis aurichalceus Mayr, 1862 Polyrhachis moorei Donisthorpe, 1941

Specimens have been collected from malaise, pitfall and sweeping samples.

Identification

A member of the Polyrhachis zopyra species group.

Kohout (2008) - Polyrhachis zopyra is the only member of the zopyra species-group endemic to Sulawesi. It is very similar to Polyrhachis edentula from Sumatra, and can be distinguished by the characters listed under that species.

Keys including this Species

• Key to Sulawesi Polyrhachis subgenera and species-groups

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 0.566666667° to 0.566666667°.

North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

• Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Indonesia (type locality), Philippines, Sulawesi.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Castes

Worker

Images from AntWeb

Holotype of Polyrhachis moorei. Worker. Specimen code casent0903432. Photographer Z. Lieberman, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences.	Owned by NHMUK, London, UK.

Worker. Specimen code casent0906798. Photographer Michele Esposito, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences.	Owned by NHMUK, London, UK.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• zopyra. Polyrhachis zopyrus Smith, F. 1861b: 43, pl. 1, fig. 22 (w.) INDONESIA (Sulawesi). Combination in P. (Myrma): Emery, 1925b: 204. Senior synonym of aurichalceus: Emery, 1925b: 204. Senior synonym of moorei: Bolton, 1974b: 179. Current subspecies: nominal plus imbellis.
• aurichalceus. Polyrhachis aurichalceus Mayr, 1862: 684 (w.) INDONESIA (Java). Mayr, 1865: 43 (q.). Junior synonym of zopyra: Emery, 1925b: 204.
• moorei. Polyrhachis (Myrma) moorei Donisthorpe, 1941j: 208 (w.) PHILIPPINES. Junior synonym of zopyra: Bolton, 1974b: 179.

Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.

Type Material

Kohout (2008) - Holotype worker. Type locality: INDONESIA, SULAWESI, Tondano (A. R. Wallace), Oxford University Museum of Natural History (examined).

The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):

Polyrhachis zopyrus

Holotype worker in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “Tond.” (= Tondano, Sulawesi) and with a Donisthorpe type-label.

A second specimen from “Tond.” in Oxford University Museum of Natural History, but with the data disc slightly different, has been labelled “type-series?”

References

• Bolton, B. 1974b [1973]. New synonymy and a new name in the ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith (Hym., Formicidae). Entomol. Mon. Mag. 109: 172-180 (page 179, Senior synonym of moorei)
• Emery, C. 1925d. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Formicinae. Genera Insectorum 183: 1-302 (page 204, Combination in P. (Myrma), and senior synonym of aurichalceus: )
• General, D.E.M. 2021. A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Mt. Pantaron Range, Bukidnon Province, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Halteres, 12:4-14 (doi:10.5281/ZENODO.5371745).
• Kohout, R.J. 2008a. A review of the Polyrhachis ants of Sulawesi with keys and descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 52:255-317.
• Smith, F. 1861b. Catalogue of hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the islands of Ceram, Celebes, Ternate, and Gilolo. [part]. J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. 6: 36-48 (page 43, pl. 1, fig. 22 worker described)
• Wong, T.L., Guénard, B. 2020. Review of ants from the genus Polyrhachis Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae) in Hong Kong and Macau, with notes on their natural history. Asian Myrmecology 13: e013001 (doi:10.20362/am.013001).

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Bolton B. 1974. New synonymy and a new name in the ant genus Polyrhachis F. Smith (Hym., Formicidae). Entomol. Mon. Mag. 109: 172-180
• Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
• Emery C. 1886. Saggio di un catalogo sistematico dei generi Camponotus, Polyrhachis e affini. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna 5: 363-382
• Emery C. 1898. Descrizioni di formiche nuove malesi e australiane. Note sinonimiche. Rendiconti delle Sessioni della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna (n.s.)2: 231-245.
• Emery C. 1901. Formiciden von Celebes. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 14:565-580.
• Forel A. 1905. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 22: 1-26.
• Forel A. 1912. Ameisen aus Java beobachtet und gesammelt von Edward Jacobson. III. Theil. Notes Leyden Mus. 34: 97-112
• Kohout R.J. 2008. A new Polyrhachis (Myrma) vestita-group species from Sulawesi. Zoologische Mededeelingen, Leiden 82: 297-302.
• Kohout, R. J. 2008. A review of the Polyrhachis ants of Sulawesi with keys and descriptions of new species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 52:255-317.
• Robson Simon Database Polyrhachis -05 Sept 2014
• Smith F. 1861. Catalogue of hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the islands of Ceram, Celebes, Ternate, and Gilolo. [part]. Journal and Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London. Zoology 6: 36-48.