Mesoponera rubra
Mesoponera rubra | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Hymenoptera |
Family: | Formicidae |
Subfamily: | Ponerinae |
Tribe: | Ponerini |
Genus: | Mesoponera |
Species: | M. rubra |
Binomial name | |
Mesoponera rubra (Smith, F., 1857) |
Identification
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 5.033333333° to -11.61666679°.
North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Australasian Region: Australia.
Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Guinea, Singapore (type locality).
Oriental Region: Thailand.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
Estimated Abundance
Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
Biology
Castes
Images from AntWeb
Holotype of Pachycondyla rubra. Queen (alate/dealate). Specimen code casent0901349. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. | Owned by OUM, Oxford, UK. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- rubra. Ponera rubra Smith, F. 1857a: 66 (q.) SINGAPORE.
- Type-material: holotype queen.
- Type-locality: Singapore: “SING 7” (A.R. Wallace).
- Type-depository: OXUM.
- Imai, et al. 1984: 67 (k.); Tjan, et al. 1986: 57 (k.).
- Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera): Emery, 1901a: 46;
- combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 309;
- combination in Mesoponera: Schmidt, C.A. & Shattuck, 2014: 111.
- Status as species: Smith, F. 1858b: 86; Mayr, 1863: 450; Smith, F. 1871a: 321; Dalla Torre, 1893: 42; Emery, 1893g: 259; Emery, 1911d: 81; Donisthorpe, 1932c: 447; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 65; Bolton, 1995b: 309; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 31; Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 57.
- Distribution: Singapore, Thailand.
- Current subspecies: nominal plus javana.
The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):
Ponera rubra
Holotype dealate queen in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “SING. 7” and with a Donisthorpe type-label.
Description
Karyotype
- See additional details at the Ant Chromosome Database.
- Explore: Show all Karyotype data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
- n = 10, 2n = 20 (Indonesia) (Imai et al., 1985; Mariano et al., 2015) (as Pachycondyla rubra).
- 2n = 38 (Malaysia) (Imai et al., 1983) (as Pachycondyla rubra).
- 2n = 40 (Malaysia) (Imai et al., 1983) (as Pachycondyla rubra).
- 2n = 20 (Sarawak) (Tjan et al., 1986) (as Pachycondyla rubra).
References
- Brown, W. L., Jr. 1995a. [Untitled. Taxonomic changes in Pachycondyla attributed to Brown.] Pp. 302-311 in: Bolton, B. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 309, combination in Pachycondyla)
- Cantone S. 2017. Winged Ants, The Male, Dichotomous key to genera of winged male ants in the World, Behavioral ecology of mating flight (self-published).
- Emery, C. 1901b. Notes sur les sous-familles des Dorylines et Ponérines (Famille des Formicides). Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 45: 32-54 (page 46, Combination in Euponera (Mesoponera))
- Esteves, F.A., Fisher, B.L. 2021. Corrieopone nouragues gen. nov., sp. nov., a new Ponerinae from French Guiana (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 1074, 83–173 (doi:10.3897/zookeys.1074.75551).
- Imai, H. T.; Brown, W. L., Jr.; Kubota, M.; Yong, H.-S.; Tho, Y. P. 1984. Chromosome observations on tropical ants from western Malaysia. II. Annu. Rep. Natl. Inst. Genet. Jpn. 34: 66-69 (page 67, karyotype described)
- Mariano, C.S.F., Santos, I.S., Silva, J.G., Costa, M.A., Pompolo, S.G. 2015. Citogenética e evolução do cariótipo em formigas poneromorfas. In: Delabie, J.H.C., Feitosa, R.M., Serrao, J.E., Mariano, C.S.F., Majer, J.D. (eds) As formigas poneromorfas do Brasil, 1st edn. Ilhéus, Brasil, pp 102–125 (doi:10.7476/9788574554419.0010).
- Schmidt, C.A. & Shattuck, S.O. 2014. The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa 3817, 1–242 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1).
- Smith, F. 1857a. Catalogue of the hymenopterous insects collected at Sarawak, Borneo; Mount Ophir, Malacca; and at Singapore, by A. R. Wallace. [part]. J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. 2: 42-88 (page 66, queen described)
- Tjan, K. N.; Imai, H. T.; Kubota, M.; Brown, W. L., Jr.; Gotwald, W. H., Jr.; Yong, H.-S.; Leh, C. 1986. Chromosome observations of Sarawak ants. Annu. Rep. Natl. Inst. Genet. Jpn. 36: 57 (page 57, karyotype described)
- Wang, W.Y., Soh, E.J.Y., Yong, G.W.J., Wong, M.K.L., Benoit Guénard, Economo, E.P., Yamane, S. 2022. Remarkable diversity in a little red dot: a comprehensive checklist of known ant species in Singapore (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with notes on ecology and taxonomy. Asian Myrmecology 15: e015006 (doi:10.20362/am.015006).
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
- Imai H. T., M. Kubota, W. L. Brown, Jr., M. Ihara, M. Tohari, and R. I. Pranata. 1985. Chromosome observations on tropical ants from Indonesia. Annu. Rep. Natl. Inst. Genet. Jpn. 35: 46-48.
- Jaitrong W., and T. Ting-Nga. 2005. Ant fauna of Peninsular Botanical Garden (Khao Chong), Trang Province, Southern Thailand (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2): 137-147.
- Pfeiffer M.; Mezger, D.; Hosoishi, S.; Bakhtiar, E. Y.; Kohout, R. J. 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4:9-58
- Sagata, K., A.L. Mack, D.D. Wright and P.J. Lester. 2010. The influence of nest avaiability on the abundance and diversity of twig-dwelling ants in a Papua New Guinea forest. Insectes Sociaux 57:333-341
- Tjan K. N., H. T. Imai, M. Kubota, W. L., Jr., Brown, W. H. Gotwald, H.-S. Yong, and C. Leh. 1986. Chromosome observations of Sarawak ants. Annu. Rep. Natl. Inst. Genet. Jpn. 36: 57-58.
- Wheeler, William Morton. 1924. Ants of Krakatau and Other Islands in the Sunda Strait. Treubia. 5(1-3):1-20.
- Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2013. Impacts of Intensive Logging on the Trophic Organisation of Ant Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot. PLoS ONE 8(4): e60756. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060756
- Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, T. M. Fayle, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2011. The conservation value of South East Asia's highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 366: 3256-3264.