Ectomomyrmex leeuwenhoeki

AntWiki: The Ants --- Online
Ectomomyrmex leeuwenhoeki
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Ponerinae
Tribe: Ponerini
Genus: Ectomomyrmex
Species: E. leeuwenhoeki
Binomial name
Ectomomyrmex leeuwenhoeki
(Forel, 1886)

Pachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0106306 p 1 high.jpg

Pachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0106306 d 1 high.jpg

Specimen Labels

Subspecies

Heterick & Kitching (2022) collected this species in a pitfall trap within a lowland dipterocarp forest in Brunei.


At a Glance • Gamergate  

Identification

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 29.566° to 1.62°.

   
North
Temperate 		North
Subtropical 		Tropical South
Subtropical 		South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore.
Oriental Region: Bangladesh, India (type locality), Laos, Thailand, Vietnam.
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

AntMapLegend.png

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
pChart

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
pChart

Biology

This species is AQ+G type: sexual reproduction is performed by dealated queen (seven colonies) or mated worker (eight colonies). All colonies (from Ulu Gombak, Peninsular Malaysia) were monogynous with one mated egg-laying female. Colony size was very small with fewer than 10 workers. In both the gamergate and queen colonies, dominance interactions were very rare but frequent aggressions were observed in orphaned colonies. The most dominant worker in an orphaned colony fragment mated with a male (Ito et al. 2007)

Castes

Pachycondyla-leeuwenhoekiH3.jpgPachycondyla-leeuwenhoekiL2.jpgPachycondyla-leeuwenhoekiD2.jpgPachycondyla-leeuwenhoeki.jpg
. Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Images from AntWeb

Pachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0281893 p 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0281893 h 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0281893 d 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0281893 l 1 high.jpg
Worker. Specimen code casent0281893. Photographer Estella Ortega, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by NHMUK, London, UK.
Pachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0907272 d 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0907272 h 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0907272 p 1 high.jpgPachycondyla leeuwenhoeki casent0907272 l 1 high.jpg
Syntype of Ponera leeuwenhoeki. Worker. Specimen code casent0907272. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by MHNG, Geneva, Switzerland.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • leeuwenhoeki. Ponera leeuwenhoeki Forel, 1886d: 244 (w.) INDIA. Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 67 (k.). Combination in Bothroponera: Forel, 1891b: 124; in Ectomomyrmex: Forel, 1900d: 321; in Pachycondyla (Ectomomyrmex): Emery, 1901a: 46; in Bothroponera: Joma & Mackay, 2013: 2; in Ectomomyrmex: Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014: 193. Current subspecies: nominal plus jacobsoni, sumatrensis. See also: Bingham, 1903: 88.

Description

Worker

Bingham (1903): Black; the mandibles, antennae and the femora, tibiae and tarsi of the legs brownish red, the scape and the femora shaded above with fuscous. Head, thorax and abdomen covered rather sparselv with short erect red hairs and with a minute pubescence, visible only in certain lights. Head proportionately not so long as in E. annamitus, coarsely longitudinally striate, very opaque; the emarginate posterior face of the occiput with a few coarse oblique striae. Thorax coarsely striate, the striae on the pronotum concentric, arched anteriorly, on the posterior portion longitudinal but irregular, giving the metanotum a coarsely rugose appearance; posterior face of the latter slightly concave, transversely striate; legs robust, pruinose. Node of the pedicel remarkably thick above, coarsely punctured and rugose, its posterior face with a few transverse striae in the middle; abdomen with the basal segment coarsely, the remaining segments shining and finely punctured.

Length: 7 - 8 mm

Karyotype

Explore-icon.png Explore: Show all Karyotype data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
  • n = 8, 2n = 16 (Malaysia) (Imai et al., 1983; Mariano et al., 2015) (as Pachycondyla leeuwenhoeki).

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

  • Alcantara M. J., S. Modi, T. C. Ling, J. Monkai, H. Xu, S. Huang, and A. Nakamura. 2019. Differences in geographic distribution of ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) between forests and rubber plantations: a case study in Xishuangbanna, China, and a global meta-analysis. Myrmecological News 29: 135-145.
  • Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
  • Cheng L. 1982. Notes on Formicidae - New to China. Entomotaxonomia 4: 252.
  • Eguchi K., B. T. Viet, and S. Yamane. 2014. Generic Synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II—Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae. Zootaxa 3860: 001-046.
  • Eguchi K., T. V. Bui, S. Yamane, H. Okido, and K. Ogata. 2004. Ant faunas of Ba Vi and Tam Dao, North Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bull. Inst. Trop. Agr. Kyushu Univ. 27: 77-98.
  • Eguchi K., and S. Yamane. 2003. Species diversity of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a lowland rainforest, northwestern Borneo. New Entomol. 52(1,2): 49-59.
  • Emery C. 1911. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Ponerinae. Genera Insectorum 118: 1-125.
  • Fayle T. M., E. C. Turner, J. L. Snaddon, V. Khen Chey, A. Y. C. Chung, P. Eggleton, and W. A. Foster. 2010. Oil palm expansion into rain forest greatly reduces ant biodiversity in canopy, epiphytes and leaf-litter. Basic and Applied Ecology 11: 337–345.
  • Fayle T.M., Bakker, L., Cheah, C., Ching, T.M., Davey, A., Dem, F., Earl, A., Huaimei, Y., Hyland, S., Johansson, B., Ligtermoet, E., Lim, R., Lin, L.K., Luangyotha, P., Martins, B.H., Palmeirim, A.F., Paninhuan, S., Rojas, S.K., Sam, L., Sam, P.T.T., Susanto, D., Wahyudi, A., Walsh, J., Weigl, S., Craze, P.G., Jehle, R., Metcalfe, D. & Trevelyan, R. 2011. A positive relationship between ant biodiversity (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and rate of scavenger-mediated nutrient redistribution along a disturbance gradient in a south-east Asian rain forest. Myrmecological News 14: 5-12.
  • Fellowes J. R., and D. Dudgeon. 2003. Common ants of lowland forests in Hong Kong, Tropical China. Proceedings of the 2nd ANeT Workshop and Seminar, p. 19-43.
  • Field Museum Collection, Chicago, Illinois (C. Moreau)
  • Fontanilla A. M., A. Nakamura, Z. Xu, M. Cao, R. L. Kitching, Y. Tang, and C. J. Burwell. 2019. Taxonomic and functional ant diversity along tropical, subtropical, and subalpine elevational transects in southwest China. Insects 10, 128; doi:10.3390/insects10050128
  • Ghosh S. N., S. Sheela, B. G. Kundu, S. Roychowdhury, and R. N. Tiwari. 2006. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Pp. 369-398 in: Alfred, J. R. B. (ed.) 2006. Fauna of Arunachal Pradesh. (Part -2). [State Fauna Series 13.]. New Delhi: Zoological Survey of India, iv + 518 pp.
  • Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
  • Hatter S. J. S., Sen, M. Nibedita, R. Mathew, and S. Sharma. 2004. Faunal diversity of Saipung wild life sanctuaryl Narpuh Reserve forest, laintia Hills, Meghalaya, Conservation Area Series 21 : 1-66.
  • Hua Li-zhong. 2006. List of Chinese insects Vol. IV. Pages 262-273. Sun Yat-sen university Press, Guangzhou. 539 pages.
  • Imai H. T.; Brown, W. L., Jr.; Kubota, M.; Yong, H.-S.; Tho, Y. P. 1984. Chromosome observations on tropical ants from western Malaysia. II. Annual Report. National Institute of Genetics, Japan 34:66-69.
  • Jaitrong W., B. Guenard, E. P. Economo, N. Buddhakala, and S. Yamane. 2016. A checklist of known ant species of Laos (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Asian Myrmecology 8: 1-32. DOI: 10.20362/am.008019
  • Jaitrong W., S. Yamane, and N. Chanthalangsy. 2011. The ant genus Aenictus from Laos, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Aenictinae). Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 14: 317-322.
  • Jaitrong W., and T. Ting-Nga. 2005. Ant fauna of Peninsular Botanical Garden (Khao Chong), Trang Province, Southern Thailand (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2): 137-147.
  • Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, 2002. Report of Rapid Biodiversity Assessments at Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Western Guangdong, 1998 and 2000. South China Forest Biodiversity Survey Report Series (Online Simplified Version): No. 7. KFBG, Hong Kong SAR, ii + 24pp.
  • Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, 2002. Report of a Rapid Biodiversity Assessment at Xidamingshan Headwater Forest Nature Reserve, Southwest Guangxi, China, 15-17 October 1998. South China Forest Biodiversity Survey Report Series (Online Simplified Version): No. 20. KFBG, Hong Kong SAR, ii + 16 pp.
  • Kishimoto-Yamata K., F. Hyodo, M. Matsuoka, Y. Hashimoto, M. Kon, T. Ochi, S. Yamane, R. Ishii, and T. Itioka. 2012. Effects of remnant primary forests on ant and dung beetle species diversity in a secondary forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Insect Conservation DOI 10.1007/s10841-012-9544-6
  • Leong C. M., S. F. Shiao, and B. Guenard. 2017. Ants in the city, a preliminary checklist of Formicidae (Hymenoptera) in Macau, one of the most heavily urbanized regions of the world. Asian Myrmecology 9: e009014.
  • Li Z.h. 2006. List of Chinese Insects. Volume 4. Sun Yat-sen University Press
  • Liu X. 2012. Taxonomy, diversity and spatial distribution characters of the ant family Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in southeastern Tibet. PhD Thesis 139 pages
  • Liu X., Z. Xu, N. Yu, and C. Zhang. 2016. Distribution patterns of ant species ( Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Galongla Mountains and Medog Valley of Southeastern Tibet. Scientia Silvae Sinicae 52(11): 88-95.
  • Mathew R. 1984. Some new records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Tripura. Bull. Zool. Surv. India 6(1-3): 307-308.
  • Mathew R. 2003. On Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) of Nongkhyllem Wild Life Sanctuary, Ri-Bhoi District, Meghalaya. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 101:195-207.
  • Ogata K. 2005. Asian ant inventory and international networks. Report on Insect inventory Project in Tropic Asia TAIIV: 145-170.
  • Pfeiffer M.; Mezger, D.; Hosoishi, S.; Bakhtiar, E. Y.; Kohout, R. J. 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4:9-58
  • Rajan P. D., M. Zacharias, and T. M. Mustak Ali. 2006. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Fauna of Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary (Karnataka). Conservation Area Series, Zool. Surv. India.i-iv,27: 153-188.
  • Sakchoowong W., W. Jaitrong, and K. Ogata. 2009. Comparison of ground-ant diversity between natural forests and disturbed forests along a natural gas pipeline transect in Thong Pha Phum National Park, Kanchanaburi province. Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci) 43: 64-73.
  • Song Y., Z. Xu, C. Li, N. Zhang, L. Zhang, H. Jiang, and F. Mo. 2013. An Analysis on the Ant Fauna of the Nangun river Nature Reserve in Yunnan, China. Forest Research 26(6): 773-780.
  • Tiwari R. N. 1999. Taxonomic studies on ants of southern India (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India 18(4): 1-96.
  • Tiwari R. N., B. G. Kundu, S. Roy Chowdhury, and S. N. Ghosh. 2003. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Fauna of Sikkim. Part 4. State Fauna Series. 9.Zool.Surv.India. i-iii, 1-512. Chapter pagination: 467-506.
  • Tiwari, R.N. 1999. Taxonomic studies on ants of southern India (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India 18(4):1-96
  • Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2013. Impacts of Intensive Logging on the Trophic Organisation of Ant Communities in a Biodiversity Hotspot. PLoS ONE 8(4): e60756. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060756
  • Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, T. M. Fayle, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2011. The conservation value of South East Asia's highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 366: 3256-3264.
  • Wu J. and Wang C.. 1995. The ants of China. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. 214 pp.
  • Xu Z. H., B. L. Yang, and G. Hu. 1999. Formicidae ant communities in fragments of montane rain forest in Xishuangbanna, China. Zoological Research 20(4): 288-293.
  • Yamane S.; Bui T. V.; Ogata K.; Okido H.; Eguchi K. 2002. Ant fauna of Cuc Phuong National Park, North Vietnam (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the Institute of Tropical Agriculture Kyushu University 25: 51-62.
  • Zhang R., X. Zhou, Q. Tang, and S. Zhou. 2016. Morphometrics of thirteen species of the genus Pachycondyla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in China. Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology 53(5): 1130-1137.
  • Zhang N. N., Y. Q. Chen, Z. X. Lu, W. Zhang, and K. L. Li. 2013. Species diversity, community structure difference and indicator species of leaf-litter ants in rubber plantations and secondary natural forests in Yunnan, southwestern China. Acta Entomologica Sinica 56(11): 1314-1323.
  • Zhang Z., M. Cao, X. Yang, X. Deng, and Y. She. 2000. A study on species diversity of ant in fragments of seasonal rain forest of Xishuangbanna, China. Zoological Research 21(1): 70-75.
  • Zryanin V. A. 2011. An eco-faunistic review of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). In: Structure and functions of soil communities of a monsoon tropical forest (Cat Tien National Park, southern Vietnam) / A.V. Tiunov (Editor). – M.: KMK Scientific Press. 2011. 277 р.101-124.
Retrieved from "https://antwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ectomomyrmex_leeuwenhoeki&oldid=720050"