Chronoxenus myops

Chronoxenus myops
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Dolichoderinae
Genus:	Chronoxenus
Species:	C. myops
Binomial name
Chronoxenus myops (Forel, 1895) Specimen Labels
Synonyms
Liometopum minimum Zhou, 2001

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 32.628611° to 32.474167°.

North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

• Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Oriental Region: India (type locality), Pakistan.
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

• myops. Bothriomyrmex myops Forel, 1895e: 471 (w.q.) INDIA (Uttarakhand, Maharashtra).
  • Type-material: syntype workers, syntype queens (numbers not stated).
  • [Notes (i): Baroni Urbani, 1977e: 79, cites 1w syntype NHMB; (ii) Shattuck, 1994: 35, cites 38w, 3q syntypes (6w MCZC, 30w, 3q MHNG, 1w NHMB, 1w USNM).]
  • Type-localities: India: Kolaba (R.C. Wroughton), India: South Konkan (R.C. Wroughton), India: Dehra-Dun (Smythies).
  • Type-depositories: MCZC, MHNG, NHMB, USNM.
  • Combination in Bothriomyrmex (Chronoxenus): Santschi, 1919i: 202; Donisthorpe, 1944e: 102;
  • combination in Bothroponera: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 50 (error);
  • combination in Chronoxenus: Dubovikoff, 2005: 93.
  • Status as species: Forel, 1902d: 293; Bingham, 1903: 306; Forel, 1906b: 86; Emery, 1913a: 28; Menozzi, 1939a: 308; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 187; Collingwood, 1962: 227; Shattuck, 1994: 35; Bolton, 1995b: 81; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 119; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 88; Mathew & Tiwari, 2000: 337; Zhou, 2001b: 152; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 24; Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 18; Rasheed, et al. 2019: 428.
  • Senior synonym of minimum: Del Toro, et al. 2009: 340.
  • Distribution: China, India, Myanmar, Pakistan.
• minimum. Liometopum minimum Zhou, 2001a: 557 (w.q.m.) CHINA (Guangxi).
  • Type-material: holotype worker, 2 paratype workers, 4 paratype queens, 4 paratype males.
  • Type-locality: holotype China: Guangxi, Shiwandashan Nature Reserve, 26.ix.2000 (S. Zhou); paratypes with same data.
  • Type-depository: GNUC.
  • Combination in Chronoxenus Del Toro, et al. 2009: 340.
  • Junior synonym of myops: Del Toro, et al. 2009: 340.

Description

Worker

Bingham (1903): Head, thorax and abdomen pale yellow, very slightly tinted with brown, especially on the abdomen, antennae and legs a shade paler; the whole insect densely pubescent, especially on the abdomen, pubescence mixed with a few scattered erect pale hairs on the front of the head and apex of the abdomen. Head proportionately very large, convex anteriorly; mandibles broad, punctured, pubescent; clypeus widely sub-triangular, anterior margin transverse, posterior margin distinct, well defined ; antennae proportionately very thick, rather short, the scape barely reaching the top of the head, the 2nd joint of the flagellum as broad as long, longer than the 3rd joint; eyes very small, smaller than in any other known Indian species, placed, as in B. walshi, below the transverse middle line of the head. Thorax short and broad, the thoracic sutures distinct, the pro-, meso- and basal portion of metanotum viewed from above convex and subequal. Node of the pedicel very low, strongly inclined forward ; abdomen comparatively large and massive, very convex in front.

Length: 1.5 - 2 mm

Queen

Bingham (1903): Resembles the worker, but is larger and more massive : the head is smaller proportionately, the eyes larger ; the thorax not very gibbons or convex above, the node of the pedicel higher; the abdomen more elongate and subcylindrical. Colour a pale reddish brown.

Length: 3.5 mm

References

• Bharti, H., Sharma, Y.P., Kaur, A. 2009. Seasonal patterns of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Punjab Shivalik. Halteres 1: 36-47.
• Bingham, C. T. 1903. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Hymenoptera, Vol. II. Ants and Cuckoo-wasps. London: Taylor and Francis, 506 pp. (page 306, see also)
• Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp. (page 81, catalogue)
• Cantone S. 2018. Winged Ants, The queen. Dichotomous key to genera of winged female ants in the World. The Wings of Ants: morphological and systematic relationships (self-published).
• Donisthorpe, H. 1944e. A new species of Bothriomyrmex Emery (Hym. Formicidae), and some notes on the genus. Proc. R. Entomol. Soc. Lond. Ser. B 13: 100-103 (page 102, combination in Bothriomyrmex (Chronoxenus))
• Dubovikoff, D.A. 2005. The system of taxon Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869 sensu lato (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and relatives genera. Kavkazskii Entomologicheskii Byulleten 1(1): 89-94 (page 93, transferred to Chronoxenus; combination in Chronoxenus)
• Forel, A. 1895f. Les Formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part V. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 9: 453-472 (page 471, worker, queen described)
• Liu, C., Fischer, G., Hita Garcia, F., Yamane, S., Liu, Q., Peng, Y.Q., Economo, E.P., Guénard, B., Pierce, N.E. 2020. Ants of the Hengduan Mountains: a new altitudinal survey and updated checklist for Yunnan Province highlight an understudied insect biodiversity hotspot. ZooKeys 978, 1–171 (doi:10.3897/zookeys.978.55767).
• Rasheed, M.T., Bodlah, I., Fareen, A.G., Wachkoo, A.A., Huang, X., Akbar, S.A. 2019. A checklist of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Pakistan. Sociobiology 66(3), 426-439 (doi:10.13102/sociobiology.v66i3.4330).

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

• Bharti H., Y. P. Sharma, M. Bharti, and M. Pfeiffer. 2013. Ant species richness, endemicity and functional groups, along an elevational gradient in the Himalayas. Asian Myrmecology 5: 79-101.
• Bharti H., Y. P. Sharma, and A. Kaur. 2009. Seasonal patterns of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Punjab Shivalik. Halteres 1(1): 36-47.
• Cheng D., Z. Chen, and S. Zhou. 2015. An analysis on the ant fauna of Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve in Gunagxi, China. Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science Edition 33(3): 129.137.
• Del Toro I., J. A. Pacheco, W. P. MacKay. 2009. Revision of the ant genus Liometopum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 53: 299-369.
• Forel A. 1895. Les Formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part V. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 9: 453-472.
• Forel A. 1902. Variétés myrmécologiques. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 46: 284-296.
• Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
• Hua Li-zhong. 2006. List of Chinese insects Vol. IV. Pages 262-273. Sun Yat-sen university Press, Guangzhou. 539 pages.
• Li Z.h. 2006. List of Chinese Insects. Volume 4. Sun Yat-sen University Press
• Menozzi C. 1939. Formiche dell'Himalaya e del Karakorum raccolte dalla Spedizione italiana comandata da S. A. R. il Duca di Spoleto (1929). Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano. 78: 285-345.
• Rasheed M. T., I. Bodlah, A. G. Fareen, A. A. Wachkoo, X. Huang, and S. A. Akbar. 2019. A checklist of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Pakistan. Sociobiology 66(3): 426-439.
• Shattuck S. O. 1994. Taxonomic catalog of the ant subfamilies Aneuretinae and Dolichoderinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 112: i-xix, 1-241.
• Tang J., Li S., Huang E., Zhang B. and Chen Y.. 1995. Hymenoptera: Formicidae (1). Economic Insect Fauna of China 47: 1-133.
• Tiwari R. N., B. G. Kundu, S. Roy Chowdhury, and S. N. Ghosh. 2003. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Fauna of Sikkim. Part 4. State Fauna Series. 9.Zool.Surv.India. i-iii, 1-512. Chapter pagination: 467-506.
• Zhou S.-Y. 2001. Ants of Guangxi. Guangxi Normal University Press, Guilin, China, Guilin, China. 255 pp.