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Strumigenys havilandi
| Strumigenys havilandi | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Attini |
| Genus: | Strumigenys |
| Species: | S. havilandi |
| Binomial name | |
| Strumigenys havilandi Forel, 1905
| |
The only non-type collection of this species was obtained from a litter sample in an urban garden.
Identification
Bolton (1983, 2000) - A member of the havilandi complex in the Strumigenys arnoldi-group. In the arnoldi-group havilandi is characterized by its long scapes, the structure of its mandibles and the form of its inflated postpetiole and spongiform appendages. It resembles the two closely related species Strumigenys traegaordhi and Strumigenys mesahyla but, apart from the mandibular character quoted in the key, may be separated from both by its long scapes and form of the postpetiole and its appendages.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: -25.14612° to -33.1°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Afrotropical Region: South Africa (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Worker
Images from AntWeb
   
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| Syntype of Strumigenys havilandi. Worker. Specimen code casent0900624. Photographer Will Ericson, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. | Owned by NHMUK, London, UK. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- havilandi. Strumigenys havilandi Forel, 1905c: 13 (footnote) (w.q.) SOUTH AFRICA. See also: Brown, 1954k: 25; Bolton, 1983: 373; Bolton, 2000: 592.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Bolton (1983) - TL 2.5-2.6, HL 0.62-0.68, HW 0.44-0.50, CI 69-74, ML 0.28-0.33, MI 45-50, SL 0.36-0.40, SI 80-90, PW 0.28-0.32, AL 0·62-0.68 (13 measured).
Mandibles in full-face view slender and almost straight, broadest basally and evenly tapering towards the apex. Apical fork of each mandible with 2 spiniform teeth, without intercalary teeth or denticles. Each mandibular blade with 2 spiniform preapical teeth, the distal only slightly shorter than the proximal and the distance separating their bases distinctly less than the length of the distal preapical tooth. Eyes small, with only 4-5 ommatidia, their maximum diameter much less than the maximum width of the scape. Preocular notch absent, the ventral surface of the head without a transverse preocular groove or impression. Antennal scapes elongate and relatively narrow, SI 80-90, matched only by korahyla in the arnoldi-complex. The scapes only shallowly and very gently curved, slightly expanded beyond the curve and with their leading edges having an apically directed row of narrow spoon-shaped hairs which are about the same size as those fringing the upper scrobe margins. Ground-pilosity of cephalic dorsum of numerous but inconspicuous narrowly spoon-shaped hairs, the upper scrobe margins fringed by a row of hairs which are the same as those on the dorsum of the head. Occipital margin dorsally with a transverse row of 4 short curved standing hairs and a pair of similar but even shorter hairs situated anterior to this row. Dorsum of head reticulate-punctate. Pronotal humeri each with a single fine flagellate hair. In this species the hair appears to be very delicate and easily lost by abrasion. Mesonotum with a single pair of standing hairs. Ground-pilosity of dorsal alitrunk of numerous small curved spatulate to spoon-shaped hairs similar to those on the head but slightly smaller. Metanotal groove a transverse line across the dorsum, weakly impressed in profile. Propodeal teeth slender and triangular, subtended by a broad infradental lamella on each side. Sides of alitrunk smooth,. with only peripheral punctation present. Pronotal dorsum finely superficially longitudinally rugulose, the rugulae low and inconspicuous, frequently with faint punctures between them. Remainder of dorsal alitrunk finely reticulate-punctate. Petiole node reticulate-punctate dorsally, the postpetiole smooth. Postpetiole distinctly swollen and inflated, subglobular. Spongiform appendages of petiole consisting of a fairly broad ventral strip and a narrow posterior collar. Postpetiole in profile with the lateral lobe much reduced, obviously smaller than the ventral spongiform lobe, and the latter itself relatively small, smaller than the exposed area of the postpetiolar disc in profile. Basigastral costulae short but distinct. Dorsal surfaces of petiole, postpetiole and gaster with standing short hairs which are expanded apically. Colour yellow.
Type Material
Syntype workers, SOUTH AFRICA: Natal, 5300 ft (1615 m) (Haviland) (Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Genève; The Natural History Museum) [examined].
Determination Clarifications
Bolton (2000) - This species was incorrectly recorded as Javanese by Chapman and Capco (1951).
References
- Arnold, G. 1917. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part III. Myrmicinae. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 14: 271-402 (page 377, redescription of worker)
- Bolton, B. 1983. The Afrotropical dacetine ants (Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology. 46:267-416. (page 373, redescription of worker)
- Bolton, B. 2000. The ant tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. 65:1-1028. (page 592, redescription of worker)
- Brown, W. L., Jr. 1954k. The ant genus Strumigenys Fred. Smith in the Ethiopian and Malagasy regions. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 112: 1-34 (page 25, redescription of worker)
- Forel, A. 1905f. Ameisen aus Java. Gesammelt von Prof. Karl Kraepelin 1904. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg 22: 1-26. (page 13, worker, queen described)
- Santschi, F. 1913b. Clé analytique des fourmis africaines du genre Strumigenys Sm. (Hym.). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 1913: 257-259 (page 257, redescription of worker)
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Arnold G. 1917. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part III. Myrmicinae. Annals of the South African Museum. 14: 271-402.
- Bolton, B. 2000. The Ant Tribe Dacetini. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 65
- Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
- Koen J. H., and W. Breytenbach. 1988. Ant species richness of fynbos and forest ecosystems in the Southern Cape. South Afr. Tydskr. Dierk. 23(3): 184-188.