Leptogenys diminuta

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Leptogenys diminuta
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Ponerinae
Tribe: Ponerini
Genus: Leptogenys
Species: L. diminuta
Binomial name
Leptogenys diminuta
(Smith, F., 1857)

Leptogenys diminuta casent0106010 profile 1.jpg

Leptogenys diminuta casent0106010 dorsal 1.jpg

Specimen labels

Subspecies
Synonyms

Leptogenys diminuta is a group-hunting species, forming long columns of workers that move through their habitat in search of prey. Colonies are moderately populous with 200–400 individuals per nest and move nesting locations throughout the year (Ito 1997). Nest locations in Hong Kong have included rotting logs, underneath rocks and within leaf litter. The species has ergatoids (Fig. 10D–E) and likely disperses through colonial budding (Ito 1997; Ito and Ohkawara 2000). Records are predominantly known from young to old growth secondary forests, and similar to Leptogenys peuqueti, it is one of the most frequently encountered Leptogenys in Hong Kong. (Hamer et al., 2024)

At a Glance • Ergatoid queen  

Photo Gallery

  • Leptogenys diminuta with milliped prey, India. Photo by Manoj Vembayam.

Identification

A member of the Leptogenys diminuta species group.

Hamer et al. (2024) - Leptogenys diminuta resembles and is frequently confused with Leptogenys kitteli. However, L. diminuta can be readily separated from L. kitteli in Hong Kong based upon the often smooth to finely reticulate pronotum, the presence of a single tooth on the mandibular masticatory margin, as well as its much smaller size relative to L. kitteli.

  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 4. Mandibular masticatory margin differences. A, Leptogenys strena (ANTWEB1010114). B, L. diminuta (GYOT070).
  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 5. Clypeus lobes of Leptogenys binghamii and L. diminuta, as well as tergite sculpture differences between the same species. A, L. binghamii (RHL01659). B, L. diminuta (GYOT070). C, L. binghamii (ANTWEB1010113). D, L. diminuta (ANTWEB1010183).
  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 6. Contrasting petiole shapes between L. kraepelini and L. diminuta. A, L. kraepelini (ANTWEB1010121). B, L. diminuta (ANTWEB1010183).
  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 8. Diverging mesosomal sculpture between L. diminuta and L. kitteli. A, L. diminuta (ANTWEB1010183). B, L. kitteli (PFL1T2W5-1).

Keys including this Species

Distribution

Hamer et al. (2024) - A very wide ranging species, or species complex, known from numerous regions across Asia and Oceania, including the Australasian region (Australia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands), the Indomalayan region (Bangladesh, Borneo, mainland China [Guangdong (additional records provided here), Fujian, Hainan, Guangxi, Hunan, Hong Kong], India, Indonesia, Lanka, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam), as well as the Palaearctic region [part of southwestern China (Sichuan)] (Wilson 1958; Bakhtiar and Chiang 2010;; Xu and He 2015; Bharti et al. 2016 Janicki et al. 2016; Guénard et al. 2017). The absence of this species from various countries and provinces (e.g., Cambodia and Guizhou, China) likely reflects lack of sampling efforts.

  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 20. Distribution maps of Leptogenys species recorded from Hong Kong. A, L. binghamii. B, L. diminuta. C, L. grohli. D, L. kitteli. The base map displayed shows tree canopy cover with the darker green areas indicating greater tree cover.

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 32.812778° to -19.00141961°.

   
North
Temperate 		North
Subtropical 		Tropical South
Subtropical 		South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Australasian Region: Australia (type locality).
Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Indonesia, Malaysia (type locality), New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands.
Oriental Region: Bangladesh, India (type locality), Laos, Myanmar (type locality), Nepal, Sri Lanka (type locality), Thailand, Vietnam.
Palaearctic Region: China.

Distribution based on AntMaps

AntMapLegend.png

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
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Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
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Biology

Association with Other Organisms

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  • This species is a associate (details unknown) for the phorid fly Puliciphora knighti (a associate (details unknown)) (Quevillon, 2018).
  • This species is a associate (details unknown) for the phorid fly Puliciphora pulex (a associate (details unknown)) (Quevillon, 2018).

Castes

Leptogenys-diminutaH2.5x.jpgLeptogenys-diminutaL1.6x.jpgLeptogenys-diminutaD1.6x.jpg
. Owned by Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Images from AntWeb

Leptogenys hodgsoni casent0907367 h 1 high.jpgLeptogenys hodgsoni casent0907367 p 1 high.jpgLeptogenys hodgsoni casent0907367 d 1 high.jpgLeptogenys hodgsoni casent0907367 l 1 high.jpg
Syntype of Leptogenys hodgsoni. Worker. Specimen code casent0907367. Photographer Z. Lieberman, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. Owned by MHNG, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Hamer et al. (2024), Figure 10. Leptogenys diminuta worker (ANTWEB1010183) and L. diminuta ergatoid (ANTWEB1010180). A, worker specimen in lateral view. B, worker specimen in dorsal view. C, worker specimen in full face view. D, ergatoid in lateral view. E, ergatoid in lateral view. F, ergatoid in dorsal view.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • diminuta. Ponera diminuta Smith, F. 1857a: 69 (w.) BORNEO. Forel, 1900d: 312 (q.m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 49 (l.); Imai, Brown, et al. 1984: 67 (k.); Imai, Kubota, et al. 1985: 46 (k.). Combination in Lobopelta: Mayr, 1862: 734; in Leptogenys: Emery, 1895k: 461. Senior synonym of simillima: Mayr, 1863: 428; of bismarckensis, ferox, stitzi, santschii and material of the unavailable names amboinensis, huruensis referred here: Wilson, 1958a: 118; of yarrabahna: Taylor, 1988: 34. Current subspecies: nominal plus deceptrix, diminutolaeviceps, fruhstorferi, nongnongi, opacinodis, palliseri, sarasinorum, striatula, tjibodana, woodmasoni. See also: Bingham, 1903: 61.
  • simillima. Ponera simillima Smith, F. 1860b: 104 (w.) INDONESIA (Batjan I.). Combination in Lobopelta: Mayr, 1862: 734. Junior synonym of diminuta: Mayr, 1863: 428.
  • ferox. Ponera ferox Smith, F. 1865: 70 (w.) INDONESIA (Salawaty I.). Combination in Leptogenys: Donisthorpe, 1932c: 472. Junior synonym of diminuta: Wilson, 1958a: 118.
  • bismarckensis. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta var. bismarckensis Forel, 1901b: 7 (w.) NEW GUINEA (Bismarck Archipelago). Junior synonym of diminuta: Wilson, 1958a: 118.
  • papuana. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta var. papuana Stitz, 1912: 498, fig. 1 (w.) NEW GUINEA. [Junior primary homonym of papuana Emery, above.] Replacement name: stitzi Viehmeyer, 1924b: 310.
  • yarrabahna. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta var. yarrabahna Forel, 1915b: 29 (w.m.) AUSTRALIA. Junior synonym of diminuta: Taylor, 1988: 34.
  • santschii. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta subsp. santschii Mann, 1919: 299 (w.q.m.) SOLOMON IS. Junior synonym of diminuta: Wilson, 1958a: 118.
  • stitzi. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta var. stitzi Viehmeyer, 1924b: 310. Replacement name for papuana Stitz, 1912: 498. [Junior primary homonym of papuana Emery, 1897d: 556.] Junior synonym of diminuta: Wilson, 1958a: 118.
  • hodgsoni. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta r. hodgsoni Forel, 1900d: 308 (diagnosis in key) (w.) MYANMAR. Raised to species: Bingham, 1903: 62. Junior synonym of diminuta: Xu, Z.-H., He, Q.-J. 2015: 144.
  • sarasinorum. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta var. sarasinorum Forel, 1900d: 307 (diagnosis in key) (w.) SRI LANKA.
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Forel, 1912n: 52.
    • Subspecies of diminuta: Bingham, 1903: 62; Emery, 1911d: 103; Forel, 1913e: 661; Menozzi, 1939a: 329; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 35; Bolton, 1995b: 233 (error).
    • Status as species: Collingwood, 1970: 373.
    • Junior synonym of diminuta: Xu & He, 2015: 138.
  • deceptrix. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta r. deceptrix Forel, 1901h: 46 (w.) INDIA (no state data).
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
    • [Note: the type-material consists of the Indian samples misidentified as diminuta by Forel, 1900d: 312.]
    • Type-localities: India: Coonoor (Daly), Coonoor, Darjeeling, Thana, and Nilgiris (Wroughton), Orissa (Taylor), and Assam (Smythies).
    • Type-depository: MHNG (possibly also in BMNH).
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1911d: 103.
    • Subspecies of diminuta: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 33; Bolton, 1995b: 230; Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013c: 17 (in key); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 51 (error).
    • Junior synonym of diminuta: Xu & He, 2015: 138.
  • palliseri. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta r. palliseri Forel, 1900d: 307 (diagnosis in key) (w.) INDIA (Karnataka).
    • Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated), syntype male.
    • Type-localities: India: Kanara (Palliser), and Kanara (Wroughton).
    • Type-depository: MHNG.
    • Forel, 1900d: 312 (m.).
    • Status as species: Bingham, 1903: 63.
    • Subspecies of diminuta: Emery, 1911d: 103; Forel, 1913k: 17; Karavaiev, 1925c: 279; Wheeler, W.M. 1927e: 1; Wheeler, W.M. 1929g: 59; Wheeler, W.M. 1930a: 95; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 35; Bolton, 1995b: 233; Tiwari, 1999: 23; Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013c: 17 (in key); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 52 (error).
    • Junior synonym of diminuta: Xu & He, 2015: 138.

Type Material

  • Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta yarrabahna Forel, 1915: Syntype, 1 worker, Yarrabah, Queensland, Australia, Mjoberg, ANIC32-017977, Australian National Insect Collection.
  • Leptogenys (Lobopelta) diminuta yarrabahna Forel, 1915: Syntype, workers, Yarrabah and Bellenden Ker, Queensland, Australia.
  • Ponera diminuta Smith, 1857: Syntype, uncertain, Borneo (Sarawak), Malaysia, museum unknown (probably BMNH (London)).

The following notes on F. Smith type specimens have been provided by Barry Bolton (details):

Ponera diminuta

Two worker syntypes in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “SAR. 31” (= Sarawak) and with Donisthorpe type-label.

Ponera ferox

Holotype worker in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “S” (= Salawaty I.) and with a Donisthorpe type-label.

Ponera simillima

Two worker syntypes in Oxford University Museum of Natural History. Labelled “Bac” (= Batjan I.) and with a Donisthorpe type-label.

Description

Karyotype

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  • n = 19, 2n = 38 (India; Malaysia) (Goni et al., 1982; Imai et al., 1983; Imai et al., 1984; Mariano et al., 2015) (in Gona et al. 1982 as Leptogenys sp.1).
  • n = 16, 2n = 32 (Indonesia) (Imai et al., 1985; Mariano et al., 2015).

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

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