Camponotus variegatus

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Camponotus variegatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Formicidae
Subfamily: Formicinae
Tribe: Camponotini
Genus: Camponotus
Species: C. variegatus
Binomial name
Camponotus variegatus
(Smith, F., 1858)

Camponotus variegatus casent0103245 profile 1.jpg

Camponotus variegatus casent0103245 dorsal 1.jpg

Specimen labels

Subspecies
Synonyms


Common Name
Hawaiian Carpenter Ant
Language: English
At a Glance • Limited invasive  

Identification

Keys including this Species

Distribution

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: 22.157° to 4.966666667°.

 
North
Temperate 		North
Subtropical 		Tropical South
Subtropical 		South
Temperate

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Hawaii, Micronesia (Federated States of), Singapore.
Oriental Region: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka (type locality).
Palaearctic Region: China, Türkiye.

Distribution based on AntMaps

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Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.
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Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.
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Biology

The phylogeography of a group of Pacific Island Camponotus species, which included a number of species groups, was broadly examined by Clouse et al. (2015). They found Camponotus variegatus was most closely related to the North American species Camponotus maculatus tortuganus (now a junior synonym of Camponotus inaequalis). Also, these species are part of a clade that is primarily a large Neotropical lineage.

Clouse et al 2015 S6 .jpg

Castes

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

  • variegatus. Formica variegata Smith, F. 1858b: 19 (w.q.) SRI LANKA, SINGAPORE.
    • Type-material: syntype worker(s), syntype queen(s) (numbers not stated).
    • Type-localities: Sri Lanka (“Ceylon”): (no further data), and Singapore: (no further data).
    • Type-depository: BMNH.
    • [Misspelled as varigatus by Donisthorpe, 1949g: 415.]
    • Imai et al. 1984: 9 (k.).
    • Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1862: 656;
    • combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1913k: 125;
    • combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 95.
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Forel, 1879a: 61; Emery, 1893f: 252; Emery, 1896d: 370 (in list); Emery, 1901f: 121; Forel, 1909e: 397; Forel, 1911i: 227; Forel, 1913k: 125.
    • Junior synonym of maculatus: Forel, 1886f: 149.
    • Subspecies of sylvaticus: Emery, 1878b: 44; Mayr, 1880: 21; André, 1882a: 145; Emery, 1887a: 212 (footnote).
    • Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, in Dalla Torre, 1893: 241 (footnote), 256; Hamann & Klemm, 1976: 676 (anachronism).
    • Status as species: Mayr, 1862: 656 (redescription); Mayr, 1863: 401; Roger, 1863b: 2; Motschoulsky, 1863: 11; Smith, F. 1871a: 304; Mayr, 1877: 20 (in list); Dalla Torre, 1893: 256; Bingham, 1903: 359; Santschi, 1920h: 173; Emery, 1920c: 7, 11 (in key); Emery, 1925b: 95; Wheeler, W.M. 1927d: 10; Donisthorpe, 1942d: 458; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 251; Collingwood, 1962: 229; Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 95; Bolton, 1995b: 128; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 116; Tiwari, 1999: 71; Zhou, 2001b: 207; Hansen & Klotz, 2005: 98; Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 127; Terayama, 2009: 217 (in key); Legakis, 2011: 33; Ran & Zhou, 2011: 70; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 30; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 8; Karaman, C. & Aktaç, 2013: 53 (in key); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 26; Dias, R.K.S. et al. 2020: 39; Wang, W.Y., Soh, et al. 2022: 44.
    • Senior synonym of hawaiensis: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 95; Bolton, 1995b: 128; Zhou, 2001b: 207.
    • Distribution: China, Greece, Hawaii, India, Myanmar, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Turkey.
    • Current subspecies: nominal plus ambonensis, bacchus, batta, cleon, comottoi, crassinodis, dulcis, flavotestaceus, fuscithorax, infuscus, intrans, papua, proles, somnificus, stenonotus.
  • hawaiensis. Camponotus (Myrmoturba) variegatus subsp. hawaiensis Emery, 1920c: 7.
    • [First available use of Camponotus maculatus r. mitis var. hawaiensis Forel, 1899a: 122 (w.q.m.) HAWAII; unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
    • Type-material: syntype minor workers, syntype queens, syntype males (numbers not stated).
    • Type-locality: Hawaiian Is (“Sandwich Is”): Oahu I., Honolulu (no collector’s name; probably R.C.L. Perkins).
    • Type-depository: MHNG.
    • [Misspelled as hawaiiensis by Wheeler, W.M. 1934h: 17.]
    • Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 96.
    • As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Wheeler, W.M. 1909c: 272.
    • Subspecies of variegatus: Emery, 1925b: 96; Wheeler, W.M. 1934h: 17; Wheeler, W.M. 1935g: 40.
    • Junior synonym of variegatus: Wilson & Taylor, 1967: 95; Bolton, 1995b: 103; Zhou, 2001b: 207.

Description

Karyotype

Explore-icon.png Explore: Show all Karyotype data or Search these data. See also a list of all data tables or learn how data is managed.
  • 2n = 26, karyotype = 20M+6A (India) (Imai et al., 1984).

References

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

  • Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
  • Chen Z. L., S. Y. Zhou, D. D. Ye, Y. Chen, and C. W. Lu. 2013. Moleular phylogeny of the ant subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from China based on Mitochondrial genes. Sociobiology 60(2): 135-144.
  • Cheng D., Z. Chen, and S. Zhou. 2015. An analysis on the ant fauna of Jinzhongshan Nature Reserve in Gunagxi, China. Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science Edition 33(3): 129.137.
  • Chung A.Y.C., and M. Mohamed. 1996. A comparative study of the ant fauna in a primary and secondary forest in Sabah, Malaysia. In Edwards, D.S. Booth, W.E. and S.C. Choy (eds). Tropical Rainforest Research. Kluwer Academic Publishers. Pp 357-366.
  • Collingwood C. A. 1962. Some ants (Hym. Formicidae) from north-east Asia. Entomologisk Tidskrift 83: 215-230.
  • Dias R. K. S. 2002. Current knowledge on ants of Sri Lanka. ANeT Newsletter 4: 17- 21.
  • Dias R. K. S. 2006. Current taxonomic status of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Sri Lanka. The Fauna of Sri Lanka: 43-52. Bambaradeniya, C.N.B. (Editor), 2006. Fauna of Sri Lanka: Status of Taxonomy, Research and Conservation. The World Conservation Union, Colombo, Sri Lanka & Government of Sri Lanka. viii + 308pp.
  • Dias R. K. S., K. R. K. A. Kosgamage, and H. A. W. S. Peiris. 2012. The Taxonomy and Conservation Status of Ants (Order: Hymenoptera, Family: Formicidae) in Sri Lanka. In: The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & S. Wijesundara Eds., Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka. p11-19.
  • Dias, R.K.S. 2006. Overview of ant research in Sri Lanka: 2000-2004. ANeT Newsletter 8:7-10
  • Donisthorpe H. 1942. Ants from the Colombo Museum Expedition to Southern India, September-October 1938. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (11)9: 449-461.
  • Emery C. 1893. Voyage de M. E. Simon à l'île de Ceylan (janvier-février 1892). Formicides. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 62: 239-258.
  • Emery C. 1901. Ameisen gesammelt in Ceylon von Dr. W. Horn 1899. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1901: 113-122.
  • Forel A. 1909. Études myrmécologiques en 1909. Fourmis de Barbarie et de Ceylan. Nidification des Polyrhachis. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 45: 369-407.
  • Forel A. 1911. Ameisen aus Ceylon, gesammelt von Prof. K. Escherich (einige von Prof. E. Bugnion). Pp. 215-228 in: Escherich, K. Termitenleben auf Ceylon. Jena: Gustav Fischer, xxxii + 262 pp.
  • Forel A. 1913k. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise nach Ostindien ausgeführt im Auftrage der Kgl. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin von H. v. Buttel-Reepen. II. Ameisen aus Sumatra, Java, Malacca und Ceylon. Gesammelt von Herrn Prof. Dr. v. Buttel-Reepen in den Jahren 1911-1912. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 36:1-148.
  • Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
  • Hu C.-H. 2006. Indigenized conservation and biodiversity maintenance on Orchid Island. PhD Thesis, graduate school of the University of Minnesota. 150 pages.
  • Imai H. T., C. Baroni Urbani, M. Kubota, G. P. Sharma, M. H. Narasimhanna, B. C. Das, A. K. Sharma, A. Sharma, G. B. Deodikar, V. G. Vaidya, and M. R. Rajasekarasetty. 1984. Karyological survey of Indian ants. Japanese Journal of Genetics 59: 1-32.
  • Karavaiev V. 1930. Ameisen von den Molukken und Neuguinea. (Ergebnisse der Sunda-Expedition der Notgemeinschaft der deutschen Wissenschaft 1929/30.). Zool. Anz. 92: 206-214.
  • Li Z.h. 2006. List of Chinese Insects. Volume 4. Sun Yat-sen University Press
  • Mohanraj, P., M. Ali and K. Veenakumari. 2010. Formicidae of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Indian Ocean: Bay Of Bengal). Journal of Insect Science 10:172.
  • Ran H., and S. Y. Zhou. 2011. Checklist of Chinese Ants: the Formicomorph Subfamilies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (I). Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science Edition. 29(3): 65-73.
  • Tak N. 2009. Ants Formicidae of Rajasthan. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper No. 288, iv, 46 p
  • Tak N. 2010. Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae. Zool. Surv. India, Fauna of Ranthambore National Park, Conservation Area Series 43: 133-144.
  • Tiwari R. N. 1999. Taxonomic studies on ants of southern India (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India 18(4): 1-96.
  • Tiwari, R.N. 1999. Taxonomic studies on ants of southern India (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Memoirs of the Zoological Survey of India 18(4):1-96
  • Wang W. R., S. Q. Zhang, and Z. H. Xu. 2012. A faunistic and taxonomic study of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Shenzhen Municipality. Journal of Southwest Forestry University 32(1): 64-73.
  • Wang W., S. Zhang, and Z. Xu. 2012. Distribution Patterns of Ant Species in Shenzhen City. Journal of Southwest Forestry University 32(3): 69-74.
  • Zhang R. J., L. W. Liang, and S. Y. Zhou. 2014. An analysis on the ant fauna of Nonggang Nature Reserve in Guangxi, China. Journal of Guangxi Normal university: Natural Science Edition 32(3): 86-93.
  • Zhang W., and S. Zhou. 2016. An investigation on Formicidae species of Nanling National Park. Journal of Huizhou University 36(3): 27-30.
  • Zhang Xiang, and Hou You-Ming. 2009. Five new record genus and thirty one new records species of ants (Hymenoptera; Formicidae) in Fujian Province. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University 38(5): 479-484.
  • Zhao S., F. L. Jia, G. Q. Liang, Y. L. Ke, W. J. Tian. 2009. Ants and their distribution in Guangdong Province, China. Journal of Environmental Entomology 31(2): 156-161.
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