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Unicumyrmex fushanensis
| Unicumyrmex fushanensis | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Solenopsidini |
| Genus: | Unicumyrmex |
| Species: | U. fushanensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Unicumyrmex fushanensis Chung, Hsu, Hsu & Lin, 2025
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Unicumyrmex fushanensis is a subterranean ant species found in the original natural broadleaf forest located at an altitude of 900 - 1100 m above sea level in the Fushan Experimental Forest of northern Taiwan. The colony was found under moss growing on a dead wood log.
Photo Gallery
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Identification
See Unicumyrmex for notes on the identification of this species, the only one known for this genus.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 27: Workers of Unicumyrmex and three phylogenetically related genera. The illustrations were accessed from AntWeb (2023). A - C, Unicumyrmex fushanensis (NCUESIL002532); D - F, Epelysidris brocha (CASENT0102361, April Nobile); G - I, Erromyrma latinodis (CASENT0107541, April Nobile); J - L, Tyrannomyrmex legatus (CASENT0106177, Michael Branstetter).
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 28: Workers of Unicumyrmex and three morphologically resembled genera. The illustrations were accessed from AntWeb (2023). A - C, Unicumyrmex fushanensis (NCUESIL002532); D - F, Anillomyrma decamera (Emery, 1901) (CASENT0235147, Shannon Hartman); G - I, Bondroitia sp. (CASENT0104322, April Nobile); J - L, Dolopomyrmex pilatus (CASENT0178567, April Nobile).
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 29 Male ants. The illustrations were accessed from AntWeb (2023). A - C, Unicumyrmex fushanensis (NCUESIL002538); D - F, Anillomyrma decamera (Yamane & Jaitrong 2019; TH18-SKY-262, specimen from S. Yamane); G - I, Bondroitia sp. (CASENT0104321, April Nobile); J - L, Dolopomyrmex pilatus (CASENT0178566, April Nobile).
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 31: Forewings of male ants. A, Unicumyrmex fushanensis illustration newly drawn in this study; B, Anillomyrma decamera, illustration newly drawn in this study, specimen from S. Yamane (TH18-SKY-262); C, Bondroitia lujae, illustration redrawn from Bolton (1987); D, Dolopomyrmex pilatus, illustration redrawn from the original publication (Cover & Deyrup 2007); E, Epelysidris brocha, illustration drawn from the image of Ito & Yamane (2014); F, Erromyrma latinodis, illustration drawn from the image (CASENT0788835) of Ramamonjisoa & al. (2023); G, Monomorium chinense, illustration newly drawn in this study; H, Solenopsis geminata, illustration newly drawn in this study.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 32: Abdominal sternite IX of male ants. The figures are oriented with the distal end at the top, and the basal end (toward the head) at the bottom. A, Unicumyrmex fushanensis, illustration newly drawn in this study; B, Anillomyrma decamera, illustration redrawn from Yamane & Jaitrong (2019); C, Monomorium chinense, illustration newly drawn in this study; D, Monomorium ergatogyna, illustration redrawn from DuBois (1986); E, Solenopsis geminata, illustration newly drawn in this study; F, Solenopsis invicta, illustration newly drawn in this study. Scale bar = 100 µm.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 33: Scanning micrographs of male genitalia. The figures are oriented with the distal end at the top, and the basal end (toward the head) at the bottom. A, E, I, Unicumyrmex fushanensis, A, genital capsule in ventral view (NCUESIL002547), E, right volsella in mesal view (NCUESIL002550), I, penisvalva in lateral view (NCUESIL002552); B, F, J, Monomorium chinense, B, genital capsule in ventral view (NCUESIL002525), F, right volsella in mesal view (NCUESIL002526), J, penisvalva in lateral view (NCUESIL002526); C, G, K, Solenopsis geminata, C, genital capsule in ventral view (NCUESIL002530), G, right volsella in mesal view (NCUESIL002529), K, penisvalva in lateral view (NCUESIL002529). D, H, L, Solenopsis invicta, D, genital capsule in ventral view (NCUESIL002519), H, right volsella in mesal view (NCUESIL002522), L, penisvalva in lateral view (NCUESIL002522). Scale bar = 50 µm. Abbreviations: Bm basimere; Bv basivolsella; Cu cupula; Cs cuspis; Di digitus; Pv penisvalva; Te telomere; Vo volsellae.
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Distribution
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Oriental Region: Taiwan (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
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Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 3: Scanning micrographs of Unicumyrmex fushanensis paratype workers. A, full-face view (NCUESIL002543); B, head in lateral view (NCUESIL002544); C, antenna (NCUESIL002545); D, maxilla and labium (NCUESIL002546); E, labrum in dorsal view (NCUESIL002546); F, mandible in dorsal view (NCUESIL002543); G, mandible in dorsal view (NCUESIL002545); H, labium in lateral view (NCUESIL002545); I, mesosoma in dorsal view (NCUESIL002543); J, petiole and postpetiole in dorsal view (NCUESIL002546); K, mesosoma in lateral view (NCUESIL002543); L, petiole and postpetiole in lateral view (NCUESIL002543); M, gaster in lateral view (NCUESIL002543). Scale bar = 100 µm. Abbreviations: As antennal socket; A4 - 7 abdominal segments; Bgb basiparaglossal brush; Cl club; Cly clypeus; Cx1 - 3 coxae; Fl frontal lobe; Ga galea; Gl glossa; Lip labial palp; Md mandible; Msp mesopleuron; Mtg matanotal groove; Mxp maxillary palp; Pe pedicel; Pgl paraglossae; Prm prementum; Pn pronotum; Ppd propodeum; Ppt postpetiole; Psm postmentum; Pt petiole; Sc scape; Sp spiracle; St stipes.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 4: Scanning micrographs of Unicumyrmex fushanensis paratype males. A, full-face view (NCUESIL002547); B, head in lateral view (NCUESIL002548); C, antenna (NCUESIL002549); D, mandible (NCUESIL002549); E, labrum (NCUESIL002551); F, maxilla and labium in ventral view (NCUESIL002549); G, detail of paraglossae in ventral view (NCUESIL002551); H, labium in lateral view (NCUESIL002548); I, mesosoma in dorsal view (NCUESIL002547); J, petiole and postpetiole in dorsal view (NCUESIL002548); K, mesosoma in lateral view (NCUESIL002549); L, petiole and postpetiole in lateral view (NCUESIL002549); M, gaster in lateral view (NCUESIL002549). Scale bar = 100 µm. Abbreviations: Anep anepisternum; As antennal socket; Atp anterior tentorial pit; Ax axilla; A4 - 7 abdominal segments; Bgb basiparaglossal brush; Cly clypeus; Cx1 coxae; Ey compound eye; Fla flagellum; Ga galea; Gl glossa; Hpc hypopharyngeal pecten; Ktep katepisternum; Lip labial palp; Md mandible; Mssct mesoscutum; Msscl mesoscutellum; Mtn metanotum; Mxp maxillary palp; Not notaulus; Oc ocellus; Pe pedicel; Pg pygostyle; Pgl paraglossae; Pl parapsidal line; Pm paramere; Pn pronotum; Ppd propodeum; Ppt postpetiole; Prax preaxilla; Prm prementum; Psm postmentum; Pt petiole; Pv penisvalva; Sc scape; St stipes; St8 - 9 abdominal sternum; Tr8 - 9 abdominal tergum; Ump upper metapleuron.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 5: Scanning micrographs of Unicumyrmex fushanensis paratype male genitalia. The figures are oriented with the distal end at the top, and the basal end (toward the head) at the bottom. A, abdominal sternite IX (NCUESIL002550); B, pygostyle (NCUESIL002550); C, genital capsule in ventral view (NCUESIL002547); D, genital capsule in dorsal view (NCUESIL002548); E, right volsella in mesal view (NCUESIL002550); F, right volsella in lateral view (NCUESIL002551); G, right volsella in ventral view (NCUESIL002552); H, penisvalva in lateral view (NCUESIL002552); I, penisvalva in mesal view (NCUESIL002552). Scale bar = 50 µm. Abbreviations: Bm basimere; Bv basivolsella; Cu cupula; Di digitus; Lp lateral apodeme of penisvalva; Pv penisvalva; Sp spiculum; Te telomere; Vc valviceps; Vo volsellae; Vu valvura.
Chung et al. (2025), Fig. 6: Left wings of Unicumyrmex fushanensis paratype male (NCUESIL 002548). A, fore wing; B, hind wing. Abbreviations: A anal vein; BC basal cell; C costal vein; CC costal cell; Cu cubital vein; DC1 discal cell 1; M medial vein; R radial vein; Rs radial sector vein; SBC sub basal cell; Sc subcostal vein; SMC submarginal cell; cu-a cubital-anal cross-vein; 1m-cu first medial-cubital cross-vein; 1rs-m first radial sector-medial cross-vein; 2r-rs second radial-radial sector cross-vein; 2rs-m second radial sector-medial cross-vein.
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Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- fushanensis. Unicumyrmex fushanensis Chung et al., 2025: 36, figs. 1-6 (w.m.) TAIWAN.
Type Material
- Holotype: Taiwan. Worker, pinned; Fushan Experimental Forest, ILAN County; 23.IX.1997; leg. C.C. Lin; NCUE: NCUESIL002532 (ANTWEB1060402).
- Paratypes: Taiwan. 3 workers and 3 males, same data as holotype; NCUE: NCUESIL002533 - 002535 (W) and NCUESIL002538 (ANTWEB1060403) - NCUESIL002540 (M). 1 worker and 1 male; same data as holotype; NMNS: NCUESIL002536 (W) and NCUESIL002541 (M). 1 worker and 1 male; same data as holotype; TARI, NCUESIL002537 (W) and NCUESIL002542 (M).