.jpg){kind=logo}
Stenamma expolitico
| Stenamma expolitico | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Stenammini |
| Genus: | Stenamma |
| Species: | S. expolitico |
| Binomial name | |
| Stenamma expolitico Branstetter, 2013
| |
Stenamma expolitico is known from only four specimens, collected from sifted leaf litter in wet forest between 500–1100 m elevation.
Identification
Branstetter (2013) - Integument mostly black to dark red-brown; medium-sized species (see HL, ML, PrW below); petiole and postpetiole almost completely smooth and shiny, with only a few faint vestigial punctae sometimes present; postpetiole in profile bulging, globular, appearing more voluminous than petiolar node; face with a fan of carinae/rugae extending from frontal lobes to approximately ¾ distance to posterior margin of head, remainder of head smooth and shiny; dorsum of promesonotum with distinctive transverse furrows that reticulate toward posterior margin; propodeal spines absent to tuberculate (PSL 0.13–0.14, PSI 1.0–1.1), dorsal and declivitous faces of propodeum in profile flat, forming a blunt 90° angle; eye relatively large (EL 0.13– 0.15, REL 19), with 8 ommatidia at greatest diameter; anterior clypeal margin with median emargination; basal margin of mandible straight; gastral setae long, sparse, and uniformly suberect. Similar species: Stenamma alas, Stenamma expolitum.
Stenamma expolitico belongs to the expolitum species group, which also includes S. alas and S. expolitum. This group is defined by the following: propodeal spines absent; petiole and postpetiole almost completely smooth and shiny, with only faint punctae sometimes present laterally; postpetiole in profile bulging, globular, appearing more voluminous than petiolar node; anterior clypeal margin with a median emargination; basal margin of mandible straight. S. expolitico can be separated from the other two species by the presence of transverse furrows on the promesonotal dorsum, and by the shape of the propodeum in profile, which in S. expolitico forms a blunt 90° angle where the dorsal and declivitous faces meet.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 10.333° to 9.4817844°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Costa Rica (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
|
Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
|
Biology
Castes
Males and queens have yet to be collected.
Worker
Images from AntWeb
  
| |
| Holotype Stenamma expolitico. Worker. Specimen code inbiocri001282473. Photographer Michael Branstetter, uploaded by Default Group. | Owned by INBio. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- expolitico. Stenamma expolitico Branstetter, 2013: 105, fig. 82 (w.) COSTA RICA.
- Type-material: holotype worker, 3 paratype workers.
- Type-locality: holotype Costa Rica: Alajuela Prov., Rio Peñas Blancas, 10.3167°N, 84.7167°W, 800 m., 23.v.1990, JTL2701-s (J. Longino); paratypes: 1 worker Costa Rica, Heredia, 16 km. N Vol. Barba, 1020 m., 9.vii.1986, JTL1340-s (J. Longino), 1 worker Vol. Barba, 500 m., 5.iii.1985, JTL1340-s (J. Longino), 1 worker Costa Rica: 16 km. SSE La Virgen, 1100 m., 14-17.iii.2001, ALAS 11/WF/02/28.
- Type-depositories: INBC (holotype); LACM, UCDC, USNM (paratypes).
- Distribution: Costa Rica.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
(3 measured) HL 0.77–0.86 (0.77), HW 0.71–0.81 (0.71), FLD 0.21–0.24 (0.22), PCW 0.07–0.08 (0.07), SL 0.62–0.69 (0.62), EL 0.13–0.15 (0.13), ACL 0.60–0.65 (0.60), ML 1.07–1.20 (1.07), PrW 0.54–0.61 (0.54), PSL 0.13–0.14 (0.13), SDL 0.12–0.13 (0.12), PL 0.40–0.42 (0.40), PH 0.23–0.25 (0.23), PW 0.16–0.17 (0.16), PPL 0.24–0.27 (0.27), PPH 0.21–0.22 (0.21), PPW 0.21– 0.22 (0.21), MFL 0.75–0.87 (0.75), MTL 0.62–0.70 (0.62), CI 92–94 (92), SI 85–88 (88), REL 19 (19), FLI 29–31 (31), PSI 1.0–1.1 (1.1), MFI 70–73 (70), ACI1 63–64 (64), ACI2 95–98 (97).
Medium-sized species; general body color black to dark red-brown, with brown patches on gaster; appendages mostly brown, changing to yellow-brown at extremities; setae golden brown; mandible with 5–7 teeth, consisting of 4 distinct apical teeth, a distinct basal tooth, and 1–2 worn denticles in between; basal margin of mandible straight, without a basal notch or depression; mandible surface with scattered piligerous punctae and faint striae; anterior clypeal margin with a median emargination; median lobe of clypeus obliquely flattened, mostly smooth and shiny, with a short transverse carinula near anterior margin, remainder of clypeus mostly smooth and shiny; posterior extension of clypeus between antennal insertions somewhat wide (PCW 0.07–0.08), with sides subparallel; frontal lobes somewhat narrow (FLD 0.0.21–0.24, FLI 29–31), not obscuring torular lobes in full-face view, outer margin of frontal lobes nearly parallel, almost without a discernable lateral apex; head subrectangular to oval-shaped (CI 92–94), with posterior margin flat, not depressed medially; eye relatively large (EL 0.13–0.15 REL 19), oval-shaped, with 8 ommatidia at greatest diameter; face with a fan of coarse carinae or costae extending from the frontal lobes to no more than ¾ distance to posterior margin of head; gena with short rugae and rugoreticulae; remainder of head mostly smooth and shiny; scape of moderate length (SI 85–88), not quite reaching posterior margin of head when laid back; scape surface mostly smooth and shiny, with scattered piligerous punctae; flagellum with distinct 4-segmented antennal club; mesosoma densely sculptured, except for a patch of smooth, shiny cuticle on side of pronotum and katepisternum; dorsum of promesonotum with distinctive transverse furrows, which merge together posteriad and appear reticulate; sculpture on propodeum costate to rugose, with orientation transverse on dorsum, and longitudinal on side; mesopleuron rugose; propodeal declivity with faint transverse carinulae; promesonotum in profile low-domed and roughly symmetrical; metanotal grove somewhat indistinct and wide; propodeal spines absent to tuberculate (PSL 0.13–0.14, PSI 1.0–1.1), appearing in profile as a blunt 90° angle that separates dorsal and declivitous faces of propodeum; petiole of moderate length (PL/HW 0.52–0.56); petiolar node in profile robust and somewhat bulging (PH/PL 0.56–0.59), asymmetrical, with a longer more sloping anterior face and a short almost vertical posterior face; node dorsum flat to gently rounded and pointing posteriad; postpetiole in profile large, bulging, appearing slightly more voluminous than petiolar node, outline asymmetrical, with the anterior face longer and more gently sloping, and the posterior face short and vertical, dorsum of node broadly rounded; petiole and postpetiole mostly smooth and shining; gaster mostly smooth and shiny, with scattered piligerous punctae, and very short furrows around anterior constriction; most of body dorsum with long standing pilosity; scape setae suberect to subdecumbent; gastral setae long, somewhat sparse, and uniformly suberect; setae on legs suberect to subdecumbent, with longer suberect setae on coxae and femoral venters.
Type Material
Holotype worker. COSTA RICA, Alajuela Prov.: Rio Peñas Blancas, 10.3167°N, 84.7167°W, 800m, 23 May 1990, wet forest, ex sifted leaf litter (J. Longino, collection JTL2701-s) INBC, specimen INBIOCRI001282473. Paratypes: COSTA RICA, Heredia: 16km N Vol. Barba, 10.267°N, 84.083°W, 1020m, 9 Jul 1986 (J. Longino, JTL1340-s) 1w, USNM, CASENT0623094; same data but 22km N Volcan Barba, 10.333°N, 84.067°W, 500m, 5 Mar 1985 (J. Longino, JTL1340- s) 1w, LACM, CASENT0623093; 16km SSE La Virgen, 10.267°N, 84.083°W, 1100m, 14–17 Mar 2001 (ALAS, 11/WF/02/28) 1w, UCDC, INB0003212462]
Etymology
The specific epithet expolitico is a portmanteau of expolitum and tico. The species looks like it could be hybrid of these two.
References
- Branstetter, M. G. 2012. Origin and diversification of the cryptic ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), inferred from multilocus molecular data, biogeography and natural history. Systematic Entomology 37:478-496. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2012.00624.x.
- Branstetter, M.G. 2013. Revision of the Middle American clade of the ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 295, 1–277. doi:10.3897/zookeys.295.4905
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Branstetter M.G. 2013. Revision of the Middle American clade of the ant genus Stenamma Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 295: 1277
- Longino J. T. L., and M. G. Branstetter. 2018. The truncated bell: an enigmatic but pervasive elevational diversity pattern in Middle American ants. Ecography 41: 1-12.