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Solenopsis westwoodi
| Solenopsis westwoodi | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Solenopsidini |
| Genus: | Solenopsis |
| Species complex: | fugax |
| Species: | S. westwoodi |
| Binomial name | |
| Solenopsis westwoodi Forel, 1894
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| Synonyms | |
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Solenopsis westwoodi was collected in the nest of Atta (Acromyrmex) lundii in Buenos Aires, Argentina (Forel 1912).
Identification
A New World thief ant that is a member of the fugax species complex
Pacheco and Mackay (2013) – Worker - The worker is small and medium brown. The lateral and extralateral clypeal teeth are well developed. The head is coarsely punctate and the mesopleuron is mostly smooth and glossy. Queen - The queen is relatively large and golden brown with yellowish appendages. The frontal lobes are vertically striated. The ocelli as well as the propodeal spiracle are small.
It would be unlikely to confuse this species with any other South American species of the fugax complex, as the head is predominately smooth and shiny, with many scattered, semi-coarse punctures and the hairs on the mesosoma are of different lengths. It is also a medium brown ant, which is unusual for the fugax species complex.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Argentina, (Buenos Aires, Saladillo, Villa Catalina); Paraguay; Brazil (types without locality).
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: -35.633° to -35.633°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Argentina (type locality), Brazil (type locality), Paraguay.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Images from AntWeb
   
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| Lectotype of Solenopsis westwoodi atticola. Worker. Specimen code casent0908860. Photographer Z. Lieberman, uploaded by California Academy of Sciences. | Owned by MHNG, Geneva, Switzerland. |
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- westwoodi. Solenopsis westwoodi Forel, 1894b: 100 (w.) (in text) BRAZIL (no state data).
- Type-material: holotype worker.
- [Note: Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 357, nominate a lectotype, but Forel was dealing with only a single specimen, sent by Mayr. Other specimens from the same series may be present in NHMW, but do not constitute the original type-series of this taxon, which was a single specimen.]
- Type-locality: Brazil: (no further data).
- Type-depository: MHNG.
- Status as species: Emery, 1896g: 85 (in key); Wasmann, 1918a: 75; Emery, 1922e: 201; Borgmeier, 1927c: 108; Ettershank, 1966: 144; Kempf, 1972a: 241; Bolton, 1995b: 392; Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356 (redescription).
- Senior synonym of atticola: Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356.
- Senior synonym of platensis: Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356.
- Material of the unavailable name innocens referred here by Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356.
- Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay.
- atticola. Solenopsis westwoodi var. atticola Forel, 1912g: 7 (w.) ARGENTINA (Buenos Aires).
- Type-material: lectotype worker (by designation of Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356), 3 paralectotype workers.
- Type-locality: lectotype Argentina: Saladillo, nr Buenos Aires (C. Bruch); paralectotypes with same data.
- Type-depository: MHNG.
- Santschi, 1929d: 298 (q.).
- Subspecies of westwoodi: Bruch, 1914: 224; Emery, 1922e: 201; Santschi, 1929d: 298; Ettershank, 1966: 139; Kempf, 1972a: 241; Bolton, 1995b: 386.
- Junior synonym of westwoodi: Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356.
- platensis. Solenopsis westwoodi var. platensis Emery, 1906c: 125, fig. 7 (w.q.) ARGENTINA (Buenos Aires).
- Type-material: lectotype worker (by designation of Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 257), 3 paralectotype workers, 1 paralectotype queen.
- Type-locality: lectotype Argentina: Buenos Aires, Villa Catalina (F. Silvestri); paralectotypes with same data.
- [Note: other original syntype locality: Buenos Aires, Tandil.]
- Type-depository: MSNG.
- Subspecies of westwoodi: Bruch, 1914: 224; Santschi, 1916e: 377; Emery, 1922e: 201; Ettershank, 1966: 143; Kempf, 1972a: 241; Bolton, 1995b: 390.
- Junior synonym of westwoodi: Pacheco & Mackay, 2013: 356.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Pacheco and Mackay (2013) - Measurements (n=5). TL 1.44-1.56 (1.49); HL 0.408-0.420 (0.413); HW 0.360-0.390 (0.369); EL 0.036; ED 0.030; SL 0.264-0.270 (0.269); FSL 0.108-0.114 (0.113); CI 88.2-92.9 (89.5); SI 64.3-66.2 (65.1); PL 0.084; PW 0.132-0.144 (0.139); PI 58.3-63.6 (60.4); PPL 0.120; PPW 0.132-0.138 (0.136); PPI 86.9-90.9 (88.5); WL 0.324-0.330 (0.326); PSL 0.024-0.030 (0.029); PSW 0.024-0.030 (0.026).
Small, concolorous medium brown, head longer than wide, coarsely punctate; lateral and extralateral teeth well developed; clypeal carinae well developed; scape does not reach posterior lateral corner of head; eyes small, 3-5 ommatidia; notopropodeal suture well depressed, groove breaks sculpture of mesosoma; mesopleuron mostly smooth and glossy; thin striae on metapleuron; petiolar and postpetiolar nodes robust, petiole slightly wider than postpetiole viewed laterally; small tooth present at subpeduncular process; postpetiole lacking tooth or flange ventrally.
Hairy, scape and head have numerous erect and suberect hairs, as does mesosoma, petiole, postpetiole and gaster, hairs of several different lengths.
Queen
Pacheco and Mackay (2013) - Measurements (n=1). TL 4.02; HL 0.618; HW 0.528; EL 0.180; ED 0.162; MOL 0.054; MOD 0.060; SL 0.402; FSL 0.180; CI 85.4; SI 65.1; PSL 0.060; PSW 0.054; PL 0.138; PW 0.264; PI 52.3; PPL 0.240; PPW 0.288; PPI 83.3; WL 0.780.
Moderately large, golden brown with dark yellow appendages; head rectangular, posterior border slightly concave, semi-coarsely punctate, dense; clypeus conspicuously concave between lateral teeth; lateral clypeal teeth well-developed; clypeal carinae well defined; frontal lobes vertically striated; scape does not reach posterior border of head; eye relatively large (approximately 144 ommatidia); ocelli small, oval; pronotum semi-coarsely punctate, dense; posterior propodeal margin angulate; metapleuron horizontally striated; petiolar node striated basally, peduncle with small angle ventrally; postpetiolar node striated, lacking tooth or flange ventrally.
Abundantly hairy, pilosity yellow to light brown; erect and suberect hairs of various lengths (0.03-0.18 mm) covering all body surfaces.
Type Material
Pacheco and Mackay (2013) - Mayr Type, Brazil (lectotype worker [here designated] (Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Genève), Genova coll. C. Emery (dono 1925) Museo (1 cotype worker Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa). Solenopsis westwoodi atticola, Argentina, Buenos Aires, La Plata, (Bruch) Forel Coll. (lectotype worker and 3 paralectotype workers [here designated] MHNG). Solenopsis westwoodi platens is Emery, 1906, Argentina, Buenos Aires, Villa Catalina (lectotype worker, 3 paralectotype workers, 1 paralectotype queen. [here designated] MCSN). Solenopsis wasmannii transformis innocens, Argentina (1 worker cotype MHNG).
References
- Czechowski, W., Radchenko, A., Czechowska, W. 2002. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Poland. MIZ PAS Warsaw.
- Dekoninck, W., Ignace, D., Vankerkhoven, F., Wegnez, P. 2012. Verspreidingsatlas van de mieren van België. Bulletin de la Société royale belge d’Entomologie 148: 95-186.
- Forel, A. 1894b. Abessinische und andere afrikanische Ameisen, gesammelt von Herrn Ingenieur Alfred Ilg, von Herrn Dr. Liengme, von Herrn Pfarrer Missionar P. Berthoud, Herrn Dr. Arth. Müller etc. Mitt. Schweiz. Entomol. Ges. 9: 64-100 (page 100, worker described)
- Pacheco, J.A. & Mackay, W.P. 2013. The systematics and biology of the New World thief ants of the genus Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, New York. 501 pp.
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Kempf, W.W. 1972. Catalago abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hym. Formicidae) Studia Entomologica 15(1-4).
- Pacheco J. A., and W. P. Mackay. 2013. The systematics and biology of the New World thief ants of the genus Solenopsis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 501 pp.