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Monomorium viator
| Monomorium viator | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Solenopsidini |
| Genus: | Monomorium |
| Species: | M. viator |
| Binomial name | |
| Monomorium viator Santschi, 1923
| |
One of the commoner species in the Namib Desert desert areas where Marsh (1984) sampled.
Identification
Bolton (1987) - A member of the M. viator complex in the M. salomonis species group. A very distinctive and conspicuous species of the Namib Desert, viator is rendered easily recognizable by its long scapes and relatively very large eyes, coupled with its lack of standing hairs on the alitrunk.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: -21.1° to -28.13333333°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Afrotropical Region: Namibia (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- viator. Monomorium (Xeromyrmex) viator Santschi, 1923e: 280, fig. 3 (w.m.) NAMIBIA.
- Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated), 1 syntype male.
- Type-locality: Namibia (“Sud ouest africain”): Namsen, 22.xii.1915 (R.W.E. Tucker).
- Type-depository: NHMB.
- Status as species: Santschi, 1936a: 39; Ettershank, 1966: 93; Marsh, 1986: 338; Bolton, 1987: 363 (redescription); Bolton, 1995b: 268.
- Distribution: Namibia.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Bolton (1987) - TL 3.0-3.7, HL 0.80-0.96, HW 0.58-0.72, CI 73-77, SL 0.68-0.86, SI 111-119, PW 0.38-0.46, AL 0.92-1.12 (15 measured).
Median portion of anterior dypeal margin transverse to shallowly concave. Eyes relatively very large, the maximum diameter 0.37-0.40 x HW, with 13-15 ommatidia in the longest row. Promesonotal dorsum evenly convex and sloping posteriorly to the very feebly impressed metanotal groove, in some workers the groove virtually unimpressed. Propodeal dorsum flat to shallowly transversely concave. Dorsum of head with 2-3 pairs of standing hairs straddling the midline behind the level of the frontal lobes. Dorsal alitrunk without hairs. Petiole with one pair and postpetiole with 1-2 pairs of backward directed hairs. First gastral tergite with hairs present in front of the apical transverse row, relatively few in number but more or less evenly distributed over the sderite; often with a tendency to be more concentrated on the basal half. Dorsum of head finely and densely reticulate to reticulate-shagreenate. Dorsal alitrunk reticulate to punctulate-granular on the pronotum, the sculpture generally becoming coarser and more conspicuous posteriorly but sometimes more or less even on the entire surface. First gastral tergite glossy and with superficial reticular patterning. Head and gaster usually darker in colour than the alitrunk. Alitrunk varying from yellowish orange to reddish brown, the head and gaster proportionally darker, ranging from light reddish to dark brown, with or without a reddish tint. In some the head may be bicoloured, with the posterior half lighter in shade than the anterior. Clypeus , mandibles and appendages are frequently dull yellow.
Type Material
Bolton (1987) - Syntype workers, male, Namibia: Namsen, 22.xii.1925 (R. W. E. Tucker) (Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel) [examined].
Determination Clarifications
Bolton (1987) - This is the species referred to by Marsh (1984) as Monomorium sp. A in his Namib Desert pitfall studies.
References
- Bolton, B. 1987. A review of the Solenopsis genus-group and revision of Afrotropical Monomorium Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology. 54:263-452.. (page 363, see also)
- Gomez, K., Hawkes, P.G., Fisher, B.L. 2023. Ant endemicity in the highlands and escarpments of Angola and Namibia (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Monograph on Endemism in the Highlands and Escarpments of Angola and Namibia. Namibian Journal of Environment 8, 197-203.
- Marsh, A. C. 1984. The efficacy of pitfall traps for determining the structure of a desert ant community. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa. 47(1):115-120. doi:10520/AJA00128789_3922
- Santschi, F. 1923e. Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides éthiopiens et notes diverses. I. Rev. Zool. Afr. (Bruss.) 11: 259-295 (page 280, fig. 3 worker, male described)
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Bolton B. 1987. A review of the Solenopsis genus-group and revision of Afrotropical Monomorium Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 54: 263-452.
- IZIKO South Africa Museum Collection
- Marsh A. C. 1985. Forager abundance and dietary relationships in a Namib Desert ant community. S. Afr. J. Zool. 20: 197-203.
- Marsh A. C. 1986. Ant species richness along a climatic gradient in the Namib Desert. Journal of Arid Environments 11: 235-241.
- Marsh A. C. 1986. Checklist, biological notes and distribution of ants in the central Namib Desert. Madoqua 14: 333-344.
- Robertson H. G. 2000. Formicidae (Hymenoptera: Vespoidea). Cimbebasia Memoir 9: 371-382.