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Meranoplus taurus
| Meranoplus taurus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Crematogastrini |
| Genus: | Meranoplus |
| Species: | M. taurus |
| Binomial name | |
| Meranoplus taurus Schödl, 2007
| |
Occuring more or less sympatric with angustinodis and variabilis in central and south-east Australia, except two remote collection sites in the far west and one in the north, respectively.
Identification
Schödl (2007) - M. taurus shows very little variability throughout its wide range. However, specimens from a single sample taken at Katherine, Northern Territory are uniformly ferrugineous and have the frontal striation more delicate. Southeastern-most samples, namely from Nyngan, Conargo, Lightning Ridge and Patho differ by the clypeal bifurcation less acutely developed, by the petiole more angulate in profile and by the markedly smaller eyes (REL 0.21-0.24), with 13-15 ommatidia in the longest row). Both forms are at least very closely related and are here tentatively added to taurus. Further material will be needed to decide whether these samples belong to taxa different from taurus. This small species is very distinctive by the large eyes, the clypeal bifurcation and the square promesonotal shield with its reduced blunt projections.
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 22.5045° to -28.91666667°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: AntMaps
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Australasian Region: Australia (type locality).
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Worker
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Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- taurus. Meranoplus taurus Schödl, 2007: 407, figs. 50, 51, 76, 88 (w.) AUSTRALIA (South Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia).
- Type-material: holotype worker, 23 paratype workers.
- Type-locality: holotype Australia: South Australia, William Creek, 28°55’S, 136°20’E, 9.ix.1990 (P. & I. Gee); paratypes: 14 workers with same data, 9 workers with same data but 136°21’E.
- Type-depositories: SAMA (holotype); ANIC, NHMW, SAMA (paratypes).
- Distribution: Australia.
Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.
Description
Worker
Holotype. TL 4.15, HL 1.05, HW 1.15, FC 0.80, CS 1.10, SL 0.59, SI1 51, SI2 53, PML 0.65, PW 0.93, PMD 1.05, PMI2 114, ML 0.93, PTLL 0.29, PTLH 0.44, PTDW 0.36, PPLL 0.28, PPLH 0.43, PPI 64.71, PPDW 0.40, PT/PP 91.
Mandible with four teeth. In full face view anterior clypeal margin with few carinulae, bifurcate with anterolateral corners produced into long acute teeth; the latter distinctly surpassing the anterolateral frontal corners. Head almost square, only little wider than long (CI 110), preoccipital margin very shallowly concave. Frontal carinae markedly narrower than head width (FI 144), sinuately converging towards clypeus. With head in profile antennal scrobe reaching beyond middle of lateral side of head, weakly transversely carinulate with distinct additional shagreening, distinctly defined posteriorly against remainder of head. Genae and anterior ventrolateral section of head carinate, preoccipital lobes coarsely reticulate. Eyes relatively large and rather flat (EL 0.27, REL 0.29, with 14 ommatidia in the longest row), situated slightly in front of middle of lateral sides of head, the dorsal ocular margin touching the ventral scrobal margin. Dorsal surface of head densely rugoreticulate, interspaces microsculptured.
Promesonotal shield rugoreticulate, short and distinctly vaulted (PMI 142), somewhat square with bluntly reduced projections. Propodeal spines medium sized in relation to small body (PSL 0.35), situated rather high on lateral sides of the propodeal declivity, acute and in dorsal view slightly arcuate and diverging.
Petiole in lateral view trapezoid, higher than long (PTI 66), dorsum convex and reticulate. Postpetiole reticulate, nodular with triangular antero-basal tooth.
First gastral tergite regularly and densely microreticulate, basally with few additional carinulae. Dorsal surfaces covered with short decumbent and longer erect thin whitish hairs.
Distinctly bicolored.
(n = 21). TL 3.90-4.80, HL 0.99-1.20, HW 1.10-1.35, FC 0.80-0.94, FI 131-146, CI 107-115, CS 1.04-1.28, SL 0.59-0.65, SI1 48-53, SI2 51-56, PML 0.65-0.88, PW 0.93-1.08, PMI 120-142, PMD 1.05-1.20, PMI2 107-116, ML 0.88-1.08, PSL 0.33-0.40, PTLL 0.26-0.35, PTLH 0.41-0.50, PTI 58-70, PTDW 0.33-0.41, PPLL 0.25-0.33, PPLH 0.38-0.50, PPI 58-70, PPDW 0.38-0.46, PT/PP 81-97, EL 0.27-0.32, REL 0.26-0.29 with 14-17 ommatidia in the longest row.
Type Material
- Holotype, worker, William Creek, South Australia, Australia, 28°55′0″S 136°20′0″E / 28.916667°S 136.333333°E, 5 September 1990, Gee,P.&I., South Australian Museum.
- Paratype, 20 workers, William Creek, South Australia, Australia, 28°55′0″S 136°20′0″E / 28.916667°S 136.333333°E, 5 September 1990, Gee,P.&I., South Australian Museum.
Etymology
The name refers to the horn-shaped anterolateral clypeal projections (taurus, Latin for bull).
References
- Heterick, B.E. 2021. A guide to the ants of Western Australia. Part I: Systematics. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement 86, 1-245 (doi:10.18195/issn.0313-122x.86.2021.001-245).
- Heterick, B.E. 2022. A guide to the ants of Western Australia. Part II: Distribution and biology. Records of the Western Australian Museum, supplement 86: 247-510 (doi:10.18195/issn.0313-122x.86.2022.247-510).
- Schödl, S. 2007. Revision of Australian Meranoplus: the Meranoplus diversus group. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80:370-424.
References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics
- Schödl S. 2007. Revision of Australian Meranoplus: the Meranoplus diversus group. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 370-424.