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Drilldown: Associate
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Choose a table:
Associate (4625)
Ataglance (1186)
CommonName (279)
Economolab3D (135)
FlightMonth (428)
FossilFormation (91)
FossilOccurrence (2078)
Karyotype (960)
MaleMorphology (71)
TaxonName (27176)
TypeSpecimen (5422)
WorkerMorphology (277)
Associate
> Source
:
Shiran et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
or
Universal Chalcidoidea Database
&
Notes:
multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest
Use the filters below to narrow your results.
Relationship:
(There are no values for this filter)
AssociateType:
(There are no values for this filter)
AssociateTaxon:
(There are no values for this filter)
AssociateRelationship:
(There are no values for this filter)
Locality:
(There are no values for this filter)
Source:
(Click arrow to add another value)
Quevillon, 2018
·
None
· Universal Chalcidoidea Database ·
Jones, 1927; Saddiqui et al., 2019
·
phorid.net
·
Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
·
Shrestha et al., 2017
·
Brown et al., 2015
·
de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018
·
www.diapriid.org
·
Obregon et al. 2015
·
Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
·
Mortazavi et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
· Shiran et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019 ·
de la Mora et al., 2021; Janda et al., 2004; Seifert, 2018
·
Gosswald, 1930; Laciny, 2021
·
Wheeler, 1928; Laciny, 2021
·
Araujo et al., 2018
·
Akyildirim et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
·
de la Mora et al., 2021; Jansen et al., 2010
Other values:
(Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2012; Sanetra et al., 1999; Seifert, 2018
Acosta Salmerón et al., 1983
Acosta Salmerón et al., 1983; Beibl et al., 2007
Acosta Salmerón et al., 1983; Cagniant, 1973; Buschinger et al., 1988; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Acosta Salmerón et al., 1983; Espadaler & Restrepo, 1983; Buschinger et al., 1988; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Adams & Longino, 2007; Adams et al., 2015
Adams et al., 2015
Addicott, 1978; Addicott, 1979a; Mooney et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1978; Addicott, 1979a; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1978; Breton and Addicott, 1992; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1978; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1979a; Jones, 1927; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1979a; Jones, 1927; Saddiqui et al., 2019; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1979a; Mooney et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Addicott, 1979a; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Akyildirim et al., 2014, Akyürek et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Akyildirim et al., 2014; Akyürek et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Akyürek et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Aldrich, 1926; Milichiidae online
Altfeld and Stiling, 2009; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Aléné et al., 2011
Andersen et al., 2012; Araujo et al., 2018; Evans et al., 2011; Loreto et al., 2014; Shrestha et al., 2017
Andersen, Ferrari et al., 2012; Andersen, Hughes et al., 2012; Araujo et al., 2018; Shrestha et al., 2017
Antonov et al., 2024
Apple et al., 2014; de la Mora et al., 2021
Arakelian et al., 1997
Araujo et al., 2018; Evans et al., 2011; Shrestha et al., 2017
Araujo et al., 2018; Sanjuan et al., 2015; Shrestha et al., 2017
Araujo et al., 2018; Shrestha et al., 2017
Araujo et al., 2018; Shrestha et al., 2017; Sobczak et al., 2017
Aron et al., 2004; de la Mora et al., 2021; Mardulyn et al., 2014; Passera et al., 2001; Seifert, 2018; Trontii, 2006
Arriagada, 1987; Lackner, 2014
Ascunce et al. 2010
Baiswar & Firake, 2022
Balzani et al., 2022
Barbero et al., 2009
Barganca et al., 2020
Baroni Urbani, 1962; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Barton and Ives, 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Beibl et al., 2005; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2005; Blatrix & Herbers, 2003; de la Mora et al., 2021; Herbers & Foitzik, 2002; Swan & Hare, 2012
Beibl et al., 2005; Buschinger & Linksvayer, 2004; de la Mora et al., 2021; Johnson et al., 2008
Beibl et al., 2005; de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2005; de la Mora et al., 2021 (and included references)
Beibl et al., 2005; see de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2007; Blatrix & Sermage, 2005; Buschinger et al., 1988; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2007; Blatrix & Sermage, 2005; Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; Delattre et al., 2013; Seifert, 2018; Suefuji & Heinze, 2014
Beibl et al., 2007; Buschinger et al., 1988
Beibl et al., 2007; Buschinger et al., 1988; de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2007; Cagniant, 1973
Beibl et al., 2007; Salata, Borowiec & Trichas, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Bharti et al., 2016
Bharti et al., 2016; de la Mora et al., 2021
Billick et al., 2007; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Boer, 2008; Csata et al., 2013
Bolton, 1987
Bono et al., 2006; de la Mora et al., 2021
Borgmeier, 1959; Brown & Fenner, 1998
Borowiec, 2011; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Botnevik et al., 2016; de Bekker et al., 2018
Boucek, 1988; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Braganca et al., 1998
Brake, 2009; Milichiidae online
Brandao et al., 2014; Powell et al., 2014
Brandão (2003)
Bristow, 1991; Pringle et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Brown & Fenner, 1998
Brown et al. 2015
Brues, 1934; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Burks et al., 2017; Baker et al., 2019
Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Buschinger & Douwes, 1990
Buschinger & Douwes, 1990; Beibl et al., 2005; de la Mora et al., 2021
Buschinger & Douwes, 1993; de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
Buschinger & Kleespies, 1999
Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Buschinger et al., 1981
Buschinger et al., 1983
Buschinger et al., 1984
Buschinger et al., 1984; Seifert, 2018; Suefuji & Heinze, 2014; Suefuji & Heinze, 2015; de la Mora et al., 2021
Buschinger et al., 1988
Buschinger et al., 1988; Cagniant, 1973; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Buschinger et al., 1988; de la Mora et al., 2021
Buschinger et al., 1988; de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018; Suefuji & Heinze, 2014; Suefuji & Heinze, 2015
Buschinger et al., 1990
Buschinger et al., 1995
Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Buschinger, 1973; Laciny, 2021
Buschinger, 1973; Peru et al., 1990; Laciny, 2021
Buschinger, 1995; de la Mora et al., 2021; Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2012; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al., 2017
Buschinger, 1995; de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al., 2017
Báthori et al. 2015b, Santamaria and Espadaler 2015
Bünzli, 1935; Roba, 1936; LaPolla, 2004
Cagniant, 1973
Cagniant, 1973; Buschinger et al., 1988; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Cagniant, 1983
Calilung, 2000
Carey et al., 2012; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Carver et al., 2003; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Casadei Ferreira et al., 2016; de la Mora et al., 2021; Ferreira et al., 2016; Wilson, 2003
Casevitz-Weulersse, 2014
Casevitz-Weulersse, J. 2014
Castaño-Meneses et al., 2014
Chernenko et al., 2011; de la Mora et al., 2021; Ruano et al., 2018
Chernenko et al., 2011; de la Mora et al., 2021; Ruano et al., 2018; Seifert, 2018
Chernenko et al., 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Cockerell, 1903; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Collingwood, 1956; Espadaler & Riasol, 1981; Elton, 1991
Collingwood, 1976
Collingwood, 1979; de la Mora et al., 2021; Janda et al., 2004; Seifert, 2018
Coman, 1953
Cook, 2019
Cover & Rabeling, 2024
Crawley & Baylis, 1921
Creighton & Snelling, 1966; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Crosland, 1988
Csata et al., 2013
Csosz & Majoros, 2009; Laciny, 2021
Csosz, 2012; Laciny, 2021
Csösz et al., 2015
Csősz et al., 2012
Curran, 1924
Czechowsk et al., 2007; Laciny, 2021
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; Beibl et al., 2007; Seifert, 2018
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; de la Mora et al., 2021; Beibl et al., 2005; Seifert, 2018; Suefuji & Heinze, 2014
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018
Czechowski & Czechowska, 2000; de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018; Suefuji & Heinze, 2014
Czechowski & Rotkiewicz, 1997; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski & Vepsalainen, 1999; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski & Yamauchi, 1998; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski, 2004; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski, 2004; Kanizsai et al., 2013; Morley, 1945
Czechowski, 2005; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Czechowski, W. 2003; Czechowski, 2004; Kanizsai et al., 2013; Morley, 1945
D'Ettorre & Heinze, 2001; Ruano et al., 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
D'Ettorre et al., 2000; Mori et al., 2000; Visiccio et al., 2000; Visiccio et al., 2001; Romani et al., 2006; Seifert, 2018; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Das, 1963; Kerrich, 1963; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Davis & Deyrup, 2006
Deeming, 1981; Milichiidae online
Degen et al., 1986; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Delsinne et al., 2011
Demming, 1981; Yusah & Fayle, 2014
Deyrup & Cover, 1998
Disney et al., 1998
Disney et al., 1998; Quevillon, 2018
Disney et al., 2009; Quevillon, 2018
Donisthorpe, 1927; Andersson, 1971; Milichiidae online
Donisthorpe, 1927; Hennig, 1937; Hennig, 1952; Milichiidae online
Donisthorpe, 1927; Okland, 1998; Andersson, 1971; Tiensuu, 1946; Donisthorpe, 1927; Duda, 1935; Milichiidae online
Douwes et al., 1988
Downes, 2017; Laciny, 2021
Ellison et al., 2012
Ellison et al., 2012; Mackay & Mackay, 2002
Elton, 1975; Elton, 1991
Elton, 1991
Endo and Itino, 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Espadaler & Restrepo, 1983
Espadaler & Restrepo, 1983; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Espadaler & Restrepo, 1983; Buschinger et al., 1988; Beibl et al., 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Espadaler & Riasol, 1981; Elton, 1991
Espadaler & Riasol, 1983; Laciny, 2021
Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; De Kesel et al. 2016, Haelewaters et al. 2015a, 2015b
Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; Quevillon, 2018
Espadaler and Restrepo, 1983
Espadaler et al., 2011; Laciny, 2021
Espadaler, 1981; Tinaut et al., 1992; Seifert, 2018
Espadaler, 1997
Fabricius, 1805
Farder-Gomes et al., 2020
Farder-Gomes et al., 2020; Souza & Pereira, 2020
Favret et al., 2010; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Fernández-Marín et al., 2006
Ferreira et al., 2016
Fikáček et al., 2013; Maruyama et al., 2023
Finzi, 1930; Laciny, 2021
Fischer and Shingleton, 2001; Novgorodova, 2005; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Fischer et al., 2020
Foitzik et al., 2003; Guillem et al., 2014; de la Mora et al., 2021
Forbes, 1906; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Gabrion et al., 1976; Laciny, 2021
Gaige ,1914; Kanizsai et al., 2013
Garcia et al. (2024)
García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
García et al. (2024)
García, F., Espadaler, X. 2010; Espadaler & Roig, 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; Gonçalves et al., 2012
Gemignani, 1933; Heraty et al., 1993; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
General & Buenavente, 2021
Giehr et al., 2015
Girault, 1913; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Gonzalez et al., 2016
Gonçalves et al., 2012
Gonçalves et al., 2012.
Goodloe & Sanwald, 1985; MacGown & Brown, 2006; King & Trager, 2007; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Goodloe & Sanwald, 1985; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Goodloe and Sanwald, 1985; Goodloe, Sanwald and Topoff, 1987; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Gosswald, 1929; Laciny, 2021
Gratiashvili et al., 2014
Gregg, 1963; Mackay & Mackay, 2002
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Idechiil et al., 2007; Lokeshwari et al., 2015; Siddiqui et al., 2019
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Idechiil et al., 2007; Siddiqui et al., 2019
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Rakhshan and Ahmad, 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Verghese and Tandon, 1987; Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Lokeshwari et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020Siddiqui et al., 2019; Zhou et al., 2015
Gösswald, 1938; Laciny, 2021
Harvey, 1992
Hava et al., 2012
Hayashi et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Hayashida, 1966
Heinze & Alloway, 1992
Heinze et al., 1998; Laciny, 2021
Hembry et al., 2006; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019
Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019;
Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Heraty et al., 2015; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019
Heraty, 1990; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Heraty, 1990; Chien & Heraty, 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Heraty, 1994; Baker et al., 2019
Heraty, 1994; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Heraty, 2000; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Herreid, 2015; Baker et al., 2019
Hisasue & Mita, 2020
Hohorst & Graefe, 1961
Holldobler & Wilson 1990; Busch 2001; Martin et al. 2007
Holldobler et al., 2011; Kronauer et al., 2003; de la Mora et al., 2021
Holldobler, 1929; Holldobler, 1933; Buschinger & Winter, 1983; Buschinger et al., 2004; Csosz et al., 2012; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Holldobler, 1933; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Hosoishi et al., 2020
Hsu et al., 2020
Hughes et al., 2003; Cook, 2019
Idechiil et al., 2007; Lokeshwari et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Idechiil et al., 2007; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Ikeshita et al., 2017
Ingrisch, 1995
Ipateva et al., 1990
J. Roth, pers. comm., 2019
J. Trager (pers. comm.)
J. Trager, pers. comm.
Jacobson, 1910; de Meijere, 1910; Wild & Brake, 2009; Milichiidae online
Janet, 1893; Wahab, 1962
Japanese Ant Image Database
Jitjak & Sanoamuang, 2019
Joharchi et al., 2020
Jones, 1927; Addicott, 1979a; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Jones, 1927; Akyildirim et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Jouvenaz & Anthony, 1979
Jouvenaz & Ellis, 1986; Sokolova & Fuxa, 2008
Jouvenaz & Hazard, 1978; Sokolova & Fuxa, 2008
Jouvenaz & Wojcik, 1990
Kaiser, 1986a, 1986b
Kaneko, 2003; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Kanizsai et al., 2013
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Morley, 1945
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Wheeler, 1901
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Wheeler, 1905
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Wheeler, 1917
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Wheeler, 1921
Kanizsai et al., 2013; Włodarczyk et al., 2009
Karaman & Kiran, 2022
Kataria & Kumar, 2013; Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020
Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Rakhshan & Ahmad, 2015; Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020
Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Katayama et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Kathirithamby & Hughes, 2002; Cook, 2019
Kathirithamby & Johnston, 1992; Cook, 2019
Kathirithamby, 1991; Cook, 2019
Khaustov & Tolstikov, 2016; Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2020
Khaustov, 2015
King & Trager, 2007; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
King & Trager, 2007; de la Mora et al., 2021
Kiran et al., 2017
Kleespies et al., 1997; Buschinger & Kleespies, 1999
Knab, 1917
Knell et al. 1977; Sokolova & Fuxa, 2008
Kobayasi, 1981; Araujo et al., 2018; Sanjuan et al., 2015; Shrestha et al., 2017
Kohler, 2012
Kohriba, 1963
Komatsu & Maruyama, 2008
Kubota & Kondoh, 1954; Hayashida, 1963
Kubota, 1965
Kutter, 1920; de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018
Kutter, 1920; de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al. 2017
Kutter, 1958; Laciny, 2021
LaPolla & Schneider, 2023
LaPolla (2004)
Laciny et al., 2017
Laciny, 2017
Lackner, 2014; Lackner & Arriagada, 2020
Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2012
Latibari et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Lee, 1957
Lenoir et al., 2001; Bauer et al., 2009; Brandt et al., 2007; Fischer-Blass et al., 2006; Foitzik et al., 2003; de la Mora et al., 2021
Lescano et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Liberti et al., 2015
Liepert and Dettner, 1993; Volkl et al., 1999; Offenberg, 2001; Woodring et al., 2004; Fischer et al., 2005; Detrain et al., 2010; Sanders and Frank, 2010; Tegelaar et al., 2012; Tegelaar et al., 2013; Fischer et al., 2015; Tegelaar, 2015; Vantaux et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Lin et al., 2020
Loiacono et al., 2000; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016
Loiacono, 1987; Gonzalez et al., 2016
Loiacono, 1987; Loiacono et al., 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016
Loiacono, 1987; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org
Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016
Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016; www.diapriid.org
Loiácono et al., 2000; Loiácono & Margaría, 2009; Loiacono et al., 2013; Loiacono, 2013; Gonzalez et al., 2016
Lokeshwari et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Longino, 2010; Adams et al., 2015
MacGown, 2006
MacRae, 2019; Polidori et al., 2020
Mackay & Mackay, 1984
Mackay & Mackay, 2002
Mackay and Mackay 2002
Mackay and Mackay 2002; de la Mora et al., 2021
Mackay and Mackay, 2002
Mackay and Mackay, 2002; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Mackay and Mackay, 2002; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021; Bono et al., 2006; Bono et al., 2007; Johnson, 2000; Johnson et al., 2005
Macquart, 1834
Maeyama et al., 1994 Laciny, 2021
Mangold et al., 2019
Mann, 1911
Mann, 1914; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al. 2018; Baker et al., 2019
Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Heraty et al., 2021; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Mann, 1918; Heraty, 1994; Wetterer & Porter, 2003; Burks et al., 2018; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Markin & McCoy, 1968
Martin et al. 2007; Wilson 1971
Maruyama et al., 2016; Maruyama et al., 2023
Maruyama et al., 2023
Maruyama, 2008
Maschwitz et al., 2000
Masner & Garcia, 2002
Matsuura and Yashiro, 2006; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Małagocka et al., 2017
McInnes & Tschinkel, 1996; Laciny, 2021
Mei, 1987
Messer et al., 2016
Messer et al., 2020
Mitchell & Jouvenaz, 1985; Laciny, 2021
Mizuno et al., 2018
Moffett, 2010; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Mohammed et al., 1988; Laciny, 2021
Molnar et al., 2000; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Mondor and Addicott, 2007; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Mooney et al., 2008; Nielsen et al., 2009; Abdala-Roberts et al., 2012; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Mooney et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Mori et al., 2000; Trager, 2013; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Moser & Neff, 1971; Milichiidae online
Moser & Neff, 1971; Muesebeck, 1980
Muir, 1954; Laciny, 2021
Myers, 1931:276
Müller and Godfray, 1999; Akyildirim et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Müller and Godfray, 1999; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Nagy et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Narendran, 1989; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Nickle & Ayre, 1966
Nickle & Jouvenaz, 1987
Nixon, 1957
Novak, 1977
Novgorodova, 2005; Kataria and Kumar, 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Novgorodova, 2005; Saddiqui et al., 2019
O'Rourke, 1946; O’Grady & Breen, 2011; Laciny, 2021
Ott et al. 2015
Palmer, 1952; Cockerell, 1903; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Paris and Espadaler, 2009; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Pascovici, 1983; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Passera, 1976; Laciny, 2021
Paulson & Akre, 1991; www.diapriid.org
Pearson & Vogler, 2001; Polidori et al., 2020
Peeters et al. 2015
Peeters et al., 1994; Milichiidae online
Pekar, 2020
Pekár et al. (2018)
Pekár et al. 2018
Pereira et al. 2015
Pereira et al. 2015; Sanchez-Restrepo et al., 2020
Pereira et al., 2002
Pereira, 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Petry et al., 2012; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Pohl & Kinzelbach, 2001
Poinar & Yanoviak, 2008
Poinar et al., 1989
Poinar et al., 2006
Poinar et al., 2007; Laciny, 2021
Poinar, 2002
Poinar, 2003
Poinar, 2011
Poinar, 2011; Quevillon, 2018
Poinar, 2012
Polidori et al., 2020
Porter et al. 2018
Powell and Silverman, 2010; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Powell and Silverman, 2010; Tena et al., 2013; LeVan and Holway, 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Prebus et al., 2023
Prins, 1982; LaPolla & Spearman, 2007; Schneider & LaPolla, 2020
Pérez-Ortega et al., 2010
Rabeling & Bacci, 2010
Rabeling et al., 2015
Rabeling et al., 2019
Radchenko & Elmes, 2003; Csosz, 2012; Laciny, 2021
Radchenko and Elmes, 2010; Bharti, 2012
Radchenko et al., 2017
Radchenko, 1991; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
Raddatz, 1873; Milichiidae online
Raddatz, 1873; Okland, 1998; Donisthorpe, 1927; Webb & Ismay, 2003; Poulton, 1919; Milichiidae online
Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2015
Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2020
Rakhshan and Ahmad, 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Rasheed et al., 2020
Reichensperger, 1913
Roepke, 1910
Romani et al., 2006; D'Ettorre et al., 2000; Mori et al., 2000; Visiccio et al., 2000; Visiccio et al., 2001; Romani et al., 2006; Seifert, 2018; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Ruano & Tinaut, 1999; D'Ettorre & Heinze, 2001; Errard et al., 2006; Ruano et al., 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Ruano et al., 2018
Ruano et al., 2018; Savolainen & Deslippe, 2001; de la Mora et al., 2021
Ruano et al., 2018; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Ruano et al., 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Ruano et al., 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021; Japanese Ant Image Database
Rubstov, 1970
S. Cover, MCZbase
Sakai, 1990
Sakata, 1995; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Salata & Borowiec, 2015
Salata et al., 2015
Salata et al., 2023
Salata et al., 2024
Salata, Borowiec & Trichas, 2018
Samson, et al., 1989
Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Buschinger et al., 2004; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Sanchez-Peña et al., 1993; García & Espadaler, 2010; Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012
Sanchez-Restrepo et al., 2020
Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Wagner et al. 2017; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; de la Mora et al., 2021
Sanetra et al., 1999; Seifert, 2018
Sanjuan et al., 2015; Araujo et al., 2018; Shrestha et al., 2017
Sanjuan et al., 2015; Shrestha et al., 2017
Santschi 1930; Briano et al. 1997; Calcaterra et al. 2000
Santschi 1933
Savolainen & Deslippe, 2001; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Savolainen & Deslippe, 2001; de la Mora et al., 2021
Sawada, 1974
Scarparo et al., 2020
Scharf et al., 2012; Beros et al., 2015; Feldmeyer et al., 2016; Laciny, 2021
Scharf et al., 2012; Laciny, 2021
Schellerich-Kaaden et al. 1997
Schifani et al., 2022
Schifani et al., 2022; de la Mora et al., 2021
Schmid, Morales et al., 2014
Schneider & LaPolla, 2020
Schulz, 1994
Schwartz, 1895
Seifert & Schultz, 2009; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Seifert & Schultz, 2021
Seifert, 2018
Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al., 2017
Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Seifert, 2021
Seifert, 2023
Settele et al., 2005; Sielezniew et al., 2010a
Sevastianov 1980; Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2020
Sevastianov, 1967; Rahiminejad & Hajiqanbar, 2020
Sharma et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Shields, 1973; Snelling, 1988
Shigayev & Snegovaya, 2022
Shiran et al., 2013; Akyildirim et al., 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Shiran et al., 2013; Rakhshan and Ahmad, 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Shrestha et al. 2017
Shrestha et al. 2017; Araujo et al., 2018
Siddiqui et al., 2019; Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020
Siddiqui et al., 2019; Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020; Idechiil et al., 2007
Sielezniew et al., 2010
Sielezniew et al., 2010b
Silva & Casadei-Ferreira, 2020
Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al. 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019
Silveira-Guido et al., 1964; Heraty et al., 1993; Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Sinu et al., 2006
Smith, 1939
Snelling & Buren, 1985
Sokolova & Fuxa, 2008
Sonobe, 1974; Elton, 1991
Souza & Pereira, 2020
Stalling & Cassar, 2020
Stalling & Cassar, 2020; Stalling et al., 2021
Stalling et al., 2015; Stalling & Cassar, 2020; Stalling et al., 2021
Stary, 1969; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Stary, 1969; Shiran et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Stefan Cover (pers. obs.)
Stefan Cover (unpublished)
Steiner et al., 2019; Laciny, 2021
Strelnikov, 1928; Laciny, 2021
Sudd, 1983; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Sung et al., 2007; Evans & Samson, 1984
Suzuki et al., 2004; Katayama et al., 2013; Hayashi et al., 2015; Hayashi et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Suzuki et al., 2004; Katayama et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Swann, 2010; Milichiidae online
Tartally et al., 2019; Ebsen et al., 2019
Tena et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Terayama et al., 2024
Terayama, 1985, 1986
Terayama, 1988; LaPolla, 2004
Thompson, 1981
Tinaut et al., 1992; Guillem et al., 2014
Tinaut et al., 2010; Ruano et al., 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Townsend, 1895
Trabalon et al., 2000; Laciny, 2021
Trager, 2013
Trager, 2013; Seifert, 2018; de la Mora et al., 2021
Trager, 2013; Sulger et al., 2014; de la Mora et al., 2021
Trager, 2013; Torres & Tsutsui, 2016; de la Mora et al., 2021
Tsuneoka, 2008; Tsuneoka & Akino, 2009; Tsuneoka & Akino, 2012; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Turian & Wuest, 1977; Bałazy, 1993; Sosnowska et al., 2004; Boer, 2008; Csata et al., 2013
Valenti & Gaimari, 2000; Polidori et al., 2020
Valles et al., 2011
Van Pelt, 1950; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019
Varone et al., 2010; Baker et al., 2019;
Verghese & Tandon, 1987; Kataria & Kumar, 2013; Lokeshwari et al., 2015; Gull-E-Fareen et al., 2020
Verrall, 1894; Hennig, 1937; Milichiidae online
Viehmeyer, 1916
Volkl et al., 1999; Fischer et al., 2002; Woodring et al., 2004; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Volkl et al., 1999; Müller and Godfray, 1999; Woodring et al., 2004; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Vrieling et al., 1991; Müller and Godfray, 1999; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Wagner et al. 2017
Wagner et al., 2017; Seifert, 2018
Wagner et al., 2018
Wagner et al., 2020
Wahab, 1962
Waller, 1980
Waller, 1980; Milichiidae online
Wang et al. 2016
Ward, 1985
Ward, 1985; Klein, 1987
Ward, 1988
Ward, 1996
Weber, 1943
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Kempf, 1972; Baker et al., 2019
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1937; Kempf, 1972; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986; Baker et al., 2019
Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021
Wheeler & Wheeler, 2002
Wheeler (1904)
Wheeler 1925b, Adams et al. 2013
Wheeler and Wheeler 1986
Wheeler and Wheeler, 1952
Wheeler and Wheeler, 1952;
Wheeler and Wheeler, 1986
Wheeler and Wheeler, 2002
Wheeler, 1901; Wheeler, 1928; Laciny, 2021
Wheeler, 1907; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Wheeler, 1907; Gahan, 1940; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Wheeler, 1907; Johnson et al., 1986; Baker et al., 2019; Universal Chalcidoidea Database
Wheeler, 1929; Laciny, 2021
Wheeler, 1930; Laciny, 2021
Wheeler, 1933; Laciny, 2021
Wheeler, 1986
Wiedemann, 1830
Wild & Brake, 2009
Wild & Brake, 2009; Jesovnik et al., 2013; Milichiidae online
Williams and LaPolla, 2004
Williams et al., 1973
Williams et al., 1973; Pereira et al. 2015
Williams et al., 1973; Sanchez-Restrepo et al., 2020
Willis, 1967; Polidori et al., 2020
Wilson 1971; Martin et al. 2007
Wimp and Whitham, 2001; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Woodring et al., 2004; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Yamaoka, 1977
Yusah & Fayle, 2014; Milichiidae online
Zhang et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Zhao et al., 2013
Zhou, 2012; Zhou, 2014; Saddiqui et al., 2019
based on a photo by Michal Kukla, fungal identification by João Araújo
de Bekker et al., 2018
de Meijere, 1910; Wild & Brake, 2009
de Meijere, 1940; Milichiidae online
de la Mora et al., 2021; Bharti, 2012; Radchenko and Elmes, 2010
de la Mora et al., 2021; Briano et al. 1997; Calcaterra et al. 2000; Dedeine et al., 2005; Santschi 1930
de la Mora et al., 2021; Briano et al. 1997; Calcaterra et al. 2000; Santschi 1930
de la Mora et al., 2021; Chernenko et al., 2013
de la Mora et al., 2021; De Souza et al., 2007
de la Mora et al., 2021; De Souza et al., 2007; De Souza et al., 2011; Rabeling et al., 2015; Soares et al., 2010
de la Mora et al., 2021; Deyrup & Prusak, 2008
de la Mora et al., 2021; Ellison et al., 2012; Janda et al., 2004
de la Mora et al., 2021; Ellison et al., 2012; Janda et al., 2004; Mackay & Mackay, 2002; Raczkowski et al., 2011
de la Mora et al., 2021; Elmes, 1978; Jansen et al., 2010
de la Mora et al., 2021; Espadaler, 1981; Guillem et al., 2014; Karaman et al., 2013; Tinaut et al., 1992; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Feitosa et al., 2008; Feneron et al., 2013; Hora et al., 2005; Hora et al., 2009
de la Mora et al., 2021; Fleeberg & Foitzik, 2016; Seifert et al., 2014
de la Mora et al., 2021; Garcia et al., 2008; Jansen et al., 2010
de la Mora et al., 2021; Gratiashvili et al., 2014
de la Mora et al., 2021; Janda et al., 2004
de la Mora et al., 2021; Janda et al., 2004; Raczkowski et al., 2011
de la Mora et al., 2021; Jansen et al., 2010; Masuko & Terayama, 2002
de la Mora et al., 2021; Jansen et al., 2010; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003
de la Mora et al., 2021; Jansen et al., 2010; Radchenko & Elmes, 2003; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Jansen et al., 2010; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Karaman & Kiran, 2022
de la Mora et al., 2021; Kinomura, 1992; Ohkawara & Aonuma, 2016
de la Mora et al., 2021; Kiran et al., 2017
de la Mora et al., 2021; Lambardi et al., 2007; Rabeling et al., 2015, Sumner et al., 2004
de la Mora et al., 2021; Lapeva-Gjonova et al., 2012
de la Mora et al., 2021; Menozzi, 1921; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
de la Mora et al., 2021; Messer et al., 2016
de la Mora et al., 2021; Novák & Sadil, 1941; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 1996; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Novák & Sadil, 1941; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Seifert, 1996; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Novák & Sadil, 1941; Sanetra et al., 1994; Sanetra et al., 1999; Seifert, 1996; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al. 2017
de la Mora et al., 2021; Rabeling & Bacci, 2010; Rabeling et al., 2014
de la Mora et al., 2021; Rabeling et al., 2015
de la Mora et al., 2021; Rabeling et al., 2019; Sumner et al., 2004
de la Mora et al., 2021; Raczkowski & Luque, 2011
de la Mora et al., 2021; Radchenko, 1991; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
de la Mora et al., 2021; Ruano et al., 1=2019
de la Mora et al., 2021; Ruano et al., 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Ruano et al., 2018; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000; Seifert, 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Sanetra et al., 1999; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
de la Mora et al., 2021; Schifani, 2017; Trontti, 2006
de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018; Sanetra & Buschinger, 2000
de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018; Schlick-Steiner et al., 2002
de la Mora et al., 2021; Seifert, 2018; Wagner et al., 2017
de la Mora et al., 2021; Wagner et al., 2018
de la Mora et al., 2021; Wilson, 2003
phorid.net; Brown & Fenner, 1998
photo by Michal Kukla
van Paridon et al., 2017; Martin-Vega et al., 2018; Criscione et al., 2020
Özdemir et al., 2008; Akyürek et al., 2016; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Özdemir et al., 2008; Mortazavi et al., 2015; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Özdemir et al., 2008; Saddiqui et al., 2019
Özdemir et al., 2008; Shiran et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019
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Notes:
(Click arrow to add another value)
None
·
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest
·
primary host
· multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission outside nest ·
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest
·
attacked
·
encounter mode secondary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest
·
injured
·
associate
·
encounter mode independent; direct transmission; transmission outside nest
·
multiple encounter modes; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest
·
potential host
·
unconfirmed
·
needs confirmation
·
rare host
·
ectoparasite
·
encounter mode primary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest
·
associate, primary host
·
Pine forest. Under stone.
·
attracted to injured
Other values:
''Pheidole'' nr. ''californica''
''Pheidole'' nr. ''clementensis''
''Pseudomyrmex'' species PSW-64
''T. nylanderi'' as the host of ''Temnothorax gordiagini'' had been suggested by Soudek, 1925, (cited in Buschinger et al., 1983) though this has never been confirmed and was probably a misidentification
Arakelian et al. (1997) note this infection is questionable
At road. Under stone.
Baltic amber fossil
Chaparral. In living stems of ''Haplopappus pinifolius''.
Clearcut of managed forest, in tree stumps
Clearings in a pine forest. In the sandy soil.
Different successional series of rocky habitats. In rock crevice
Different successional series of rocky habitats. In rock crevice/under stone/overgrown soil.
Different successional series of rocky habitats. Mound of ''F. lugubris''
Different successional series of rocky habitats. Mound of ''Formica aquilonia''.
Different successional series of rocky habitats. Under stone
Different successional series of rocky habitats. Under stone.
Dominican amber
Dominican amber fossil
Dominican amber; encounter mode unknown; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest
Foreshore. Under stone
Foreshore. Under stone.
Forest edge. Under wood
Forest on rocks. Mound of ''F. lugubris''
Forest on rocks; clearcut of managed forest. In decaying wood; in tree stump
Forest. In decaying wood
Grassy mountain slope. Under stone
Grassy mountain slope. Under stone.
Hardwood forest. In a stump.
Hardwood forest. Under log.
Hardwood forest. Under rock.
In decaying wood.
In different successional series of rocky habitats, in mound of ''Formica lugubris''
In different successional series of rocky habitats. Under wood; in rock crevice; under stone
In soil
In soil.
Mutualism and Trophobiosis?
Pine and poplar forest patches. In/under wood
Pine forest. In log/in stump.
Rocky outcrop; shore meadow, foreshore. In rock crevice/under stone.
Seifert (2018) suggests probable host
Shore meadow. Under stone
Shore meadow; at road. Under stone; between asphalt edge and grass.
Souza & Pereira, 2020 - genus-level identification only
Stand of oak trees. Under stone.
Sumner et al. (2004) report as ''Pseudoatta'' sp.
Urban area. In the soil.
Urban park. In decaying wood.
Weber, 1943
a relatively rare host
adults
an undescribed species closely related to ''Temnothorax nylanderi''
ant identified as ''Colobopsis'' sp. nrSA
ant species as ''Trachymyrmex'' cf. ''zeteki''
ant species uncertain, either ''Dorymyrmex bureni'' or ''Dorymyrmex flavus''
as ''Camponotus abdominalis stercorarius''
as ''Cataglyphis albicans armenia''
as ''Epimyrma gösswaldi''
as ''Formica munda''
as ''Formica neorufibarbis gelida''
as ''Formica nigricans'', needs confirmation
as ''Formica'' cf. ''occulta''
as ''Lasius jensi'' x ''umbratus''
as ''Leptothorax tristis''
as ''Monomorium gracillimum''
as ''Monomorium qarahe''
as ''Myrmica whymperi''
as ''Pheidole commutata''
as ''Pheidole subdentata''
as ''Pheidole teneriffana''
as ''Pheidole vinelandica''
as ''Plagiolepis taurica''
as ''Plagiolepis vindobonensis''
as ''Polyergus breviceps''
as ''Polyergus lucidus'' in early records
as ''Polyrhachis simplex''
as ''Pristomyrmex pungens''
as ''Solenopsis geminata'' x ''xyloni''; encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest
as ''Solenopsis invicta'' x ''richteri''; encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest
as ''Temnothorax berlandi'', rare host
as ''Temnothorax massiliensis'', most common host
as ''Temnothorax rabaudi'', rare host
as ''Temnothorax specularis'', fairly common host
as ''Temnothorax'' cf. ''rottenbergii''
as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''caespitum''
as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''impurum''
as Iridomyrmex domestica
as Leptothorax tristis
associated with or potential host
at least 4 species of ''Acanthopria'' involved
co-occur in nests, relationship details unknown
common host
degenerate dulosis? tolerant of host queen?
details of interaction uncertain
doubtful, ''P. breviceps'' more likely
doubtful, needs confirmation
doubtful, possible misidentification of host species
doubtful, slave maker possibly ''Formica pergandei''
ectoparasite; as ''Myrmica laevinodis''
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission location unknown
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest; as ''Pheidologeton'' sp.
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest; as Acromyrmex muticinodus
encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest; as Pheidologeton sp.
encounter mode secondary; direct transmission; transmission outside nest
encounter mode secondary; direct transmission; transmission within nest
encounter mode secondary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest; as ''Pheidologeton'' sp.
encounter mode secondary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest; as Pheidole sitarches campestris
encounter mode secondary; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest; as Tetramorium caespitum jacoti
encounter mode unknown; direct transmission; transmission outside nest
encounter mode unknown; indirect transmission; transmission outside nest
fairly common host
found at entrance of a ''Pheidole singaporensis'' nest at the base of a large living tree
found with or associated with
given as ''Formica fusca'' but probably ''Formica subaenescens''
habitat foreshore, nests in decaying wood, under stone
host as ''Formica'' sp. cf. ''argentea''
host as ''Tetramorium caespitum'' in early literature
host given as ''Formica fusca'', but likely ''Formica subaenescens'', needs confirmation
host originally given as Monomorium minimum
host possibly ''Formica podzolica'', needs confirmation
identification needs confirmation
identification of host needs confirmation
identity of ant species uncertain
identity of slave maker need confirmation, likely not ''P. mexicanus''
indirect evidence
infected ant described as ''Sommimyrma symbiotica'', now ''Myrmica scabrinodis''
may be ''Polyergus mexicanus'' or ''Polyergus topoffi''
misidentified as ''Formica pressilabris''
misidentified as ''Myrmica sabuleti''
most common host
multiple encounter modes; direct transmission; transmission within nest
nature of relationship unknown
need confirmation
not able to reproduce in ''Acromyrmex octospinosus'' colonies
note that the ants involved were identified as ''P. breviceps'' and predate Trager's (2013) revision. It is likely that these are actually ''P. mexicanus'' but this has yet to be confirmed
nymphs
observed licking the anal secretions of ants
on ''Salix'' sp.
possible host, needs confirmation
possibly a prey item rather than a slave
primary host likely to be ''F. fusca'', ''F. cunicularia'' or ''F. rufibarbis''
primary host; ''Pheidole'' nr. ''tetra''
primary host; ''Polyrhachis'' sp., ''Cyrtomyrma'' sp.
primary host; ''Solenopsis geminata'' X ''xyloni'' hybrid
primary host; questionable, needs confirmation
probable ephemeral host
probably ''Formica subaenescens'', not ''Formica fusca''
properly ''Polyergus umbratus''
questionable, needs confirmation
relatively rare
reported as "''Camponotus punctulatus cruentatus'' Forel"
reported as ''Formica fusca''
reported as ''Leptothorax muscorum'' complex, includes European species
see also Weber, 1946 (Trinidad)
single observation
slave-maker misidentified as ''Polyergus lucidus''
slave-maker misidentified as ''Polyergus lucidus'' in some publications
sometimes as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''caespitum''
sometimes as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''ferox''
sometimes as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''impurum''
sometimes as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''moravicum''
sometimes as ''Tetramorium'' cf. ''semilaeve''
sometimes as a cohabiting inquiline
strepsipteran unidentified in Hughes et al., 2003
the most common host
the most common slave
true slave maker ''Polyergus laeviceps''
uncommon
uncommon host
under stone
very rare
workers rare
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:
Shiran et al., 2013; Saddiqui et al., 2019 
Relationship:
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