Leptogenys kitteli

From Chiu, Mankin and Lin 2011: Leptogenys kitteli (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a species of commonly observed but little studied army ants that hunt in groups in broadleaf and coniferous forests in lowland and hilly areas of Taiwan. These ants live in soil or litter and move their nests frequently.

Identification
A member of the Leptogenys diminuta species group.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Indonesia, Malaysia. Oriental Region: Bangladesh, India, Myanmar , Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam. Palaearctic Region: China.

Behavior
From the abstract of Chiu, Mankin and Lin 2011: "Individual Leptogenys kitteli (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers produce stridulatory pulses at faster rates after exposure to prey larvae placed nearby the nest and after air-puff disturbances at the nest entrance than during unstimulated social interactions within the nest. Workers produce chirps (trains of stridulatory pulses) at faster rates after exposure to prey larvae than during unstimulated social interactions, including groups of chirps (bursts) where the intervals between chirps decrease below 60 ms. Such bursts do not occur in unstimulated social interactions. Chirp bursts with intervals <10 ms (disturbance bursts) occur immediately after air puffs at the nest entrance. Disturbance bursts are not observed after exposure to prey larvae or during unstimulated social interactions. The rates of disturbance bursts decline rapidly within 10 s after an air puff, whereas episodes of chirp bursts extend over periods of 30 s or longer when groups of ants are moving prey larvae into the nest. The differences in the rates of stridulatory pulses and chirps and in the durations of stridulatory activity observed in the context of different types, intensities, and durations of stimulation contribute to evidence that stridulation has a significant communicatory role in colony activities of many ant species, even in genera, such as Leptogenys, in which a stridulatory organ has not been retained in every species. "

Nomenclature

 * . Lobopelta kitteli Mayr, 1870b: 966 (w.) INDIA.
 * Type-material: holotype worker.
 * Type-locality: India: Himalaya, Sikkim (Kittel).
 * Type-depository: NHMW.
 * Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1976a: 52 (l.).
 * Combination in Leptogenys: Emery, 1895k: 461.
 * Status as species: Mayr, 1879: 665 (in key); Forel, 1885b: 177; Emery, 1889b: 498; Dalla Torre, 1893: 45; Emery, 1895k: 461; Forel, 1900d: 312; Rothney, 1903: 97; Bingham, 1903: 60; Forel, 1906b: 91; Forel, 1907e: 17; Emery, 1911d: 104; Forel, 1912a: 47; Forel, 1913e: 662; Forel, 1913f: 187; Santschi, 1920h: 159; Santschi, 1924c: 97; Karavaiev, 1925c: 279; Wheeler, W.M. 1927b: 42; Wheeler, W.M. 1929g: 59; Wheeler, W.M. 1930a: 95; Santschi, 1937h: 366; Menozzi, 1939a: 329; Teranishi, 1940: 56; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 36; Wang, M. 1992: 678; Wu, J. & Wang, 1992: 1302; Radchenko, 1993a: 78; Bolton, 1995b: 232; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 41; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 37; Xu, 1996b: 224; Xu, 2000a: 119 (in key); Mathew & Tiwari, 2000: 279; Zhou, 2001b: 42; Zhang, W. & Zheng, 2002: 218; Lin & Wu, 2003: 67; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 25; Zhou, 2006: 580; Terayama, 2009: 115; Bakhtiar & Chiang, 2011: 47 (in key); Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 56; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 59; Zhou, Chen, et al. 2012: 888 (in key); Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013c: 17 (in key); Xu & He, 2015: 156 (in key); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 52; Arimoto & Yamane, 2018: 28 (in key).
 * Senior synonym of altisquamis: Xu & He, 2015: 142.
 * Senior synonym of minor: Xu & He, 2015: 142.
 * Senior synonym of siemsseni: Xu & He, 2015: 142.
 * Distribution: China, India, Japan, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus laevis, transiens.
 * altisquamis. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) kitteli r. altisquamis Forel, 1900d: 306 (diagnosis in key) (w.) MYANMAR.
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: Myanmar (“Burma”): Thaungyin Valley (C.T. Bingham).
 * Type-depository: MHNG (probably also in OXUM).
 * Combination in Lobopelta: Bingham, 1903: 61;
 * combination in Leptogenys: Emery, 1911d: 104.
 * Status as species: Bingham, 1903: 61.
 * Subspecies of kitteli: Emery, 1911d: 104; Wheeler, W.M. 1921c: 530; Wheeler, W.M. 1927d: 2; Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 84; Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 60; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 36; **Bolton, 1995b: 229; Zhou & Ran, 2010: 105; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 59.
 * Junior synonym of kitteli: Xu & He, 2015: 142.
 * minor. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) kitteli var. minor Forel, 1900d: 307 (diagnosis in key) (w.) INDIA (West Bengal).
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: India: Calcutta (Rothney).
 * Type-depository: MHNG.
 * Subspecies of kitteli: Emery, 1911d: 104; Forel, 1911e: 252; Santschi, 1920h: 159; Santschi, 1924c: 97; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 36; Bolton, 1995b: 232; Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013c: 17 (in key); Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 52 (error).
 * Junior synonym of kitteli: Xu & He, 2015: 142.
 * siemsseni. Leptogenys (Lobopelta) kitteli subsp. siemsseni Viehmeyer, 1922: 203, fig. 1 (w.) CHINA (Fujian).
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: China: Fo-Kien (= Fujian) Prov. (G. Siemssen).
 * Type-depository: ZMUH (possibly also in MNHU).
 * Subspecies of kitteli: Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 61; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 36; Bolton, 1995b: 233; Zhou & Ran, 2010: 105; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 59.
 * Junior synonym of kitteli: Xu & He, 2015: 142.

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