Pseudoneoponera rufipes

These large ants can produce a foamy secretion from their gaster that is used for a defense.

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Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Oriental Region: India, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam. Palaearctic Region: China.

Nomenclature

 * . Ponera rufipes Jerdon, 1851: 119 (w.) INDIA (Karnataka/Kerala; “Malabar”).
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: India: Malabar (T.C. Jerdon).
 * Type-depository: unknown (no material known to exist).
 * [Note: Donisthorpe, 1932c: 447, points out that two specimens (BMNH, OXUM) labelled as “type” are not type-material; correctly they are rufipes Jerdon, sensu Smith, F. 1857a: 67, sensu Smith, F. 1858b: 106.]
 * [Duplicated in Jerdon, 1854b: 102.]
 * [Misspelled as ruficeps by Chapman & Capco, 1951: 50.]
 * Combination in Pachycondyla: Smith, F. 1858b: 106;
 * combination in P. (Bothroponera): Emery, 1901a: 45;
 * combination in Bothroponera: Mayr, 1867a: 83; Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 55;
 * combination in Pachycondyla: Brown, in Bolton, 1995b: 309;
 * combination in Pseudoneoponera: Schmidt, C.A. & Shattuck, 2014: 135.
 * Status as species: Smith, F. 1857a: 67; Smith, F. 1858b: 106; Roger, 1860: 287; Mayr, 1863: 450; Mayr, 1867a: 83 (redescription); Forel, 1886d: 246; Mayr, 1886c: 359; Emery, 1887b: 442 (in key, footnote); Emery, 1889b: 495; André, 1892b: 53; Dalla Torre, 1893: 36; Emery, 1895k: 459; Forel, 1900d: 326; Bingham, 1903: 96; Forel, 1906b: 91; Forel, 1907e: 17; Forel, 1908a: 1; Emery, 1911d: 76; Forel, 1915a: 22; Wheeler, W.M. 1919e: 55; Santschi, 1920h: 159; Santschi, 1924c: 96, 97; Mukerjee & Ribeiro, 1925: 206; Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 84; Wheeler, W.M. 1928c: 5; Donisthorpe, 1929a: 445; Wheeler, W.M. 1930h: 59; Donisthorpe, 1932c: 447; Menozzi, 1939a: 328; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 50; Collingwood, 1962: 224; Collingwood, 1970: 372; Tang, C. & Li, 1982: 371; Radchenko, 1993a: 79; Bolton, 1995b: 309; Wu, J. & Wang, 1995: 45; Tang, J., Li, et al. 1995: 40; Tiwari, 1999: 28; Mathew & Tiwari, 2000: 288; Zhou, 2001b: 49; Ghosh, et al. 2005: 8; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 31; Mohanraj, et al. 2010: 7; Zhou & Ran, 2010: 108; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 61; Bharti, Guénard, et al. 2016: 53; Jaitrong, Guénard, et al. 2016: 43; Rasheed, et al. 2019: 435.
 * [Note: rufipes erroneously included in key to species of Brachyponera: Mathew & Tiwari, 2000: 286.]
 * Distribution: China, India (+ Andaman Is), Indonesia (Kalimantan, Simeulue), Laos, Malaysia (“Borneo”, Peninsula), Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus ceylonensis.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

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