Proceratium avium

Identification
A member of the avium group in the stictum clade. Differs from all the members of the stictum clade by the body largely shining and regularly foveolate and sharing similar slender legs with the avium group species Proceratium diplopyx.

Distribution
This taxon was described from Mauritius.

Nomenclature

 *  avium. Proceratium avium Brown, 1974a: 72, figs. 1, 2 (w. (type-series modified from w.q.m. by Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 75)) MAURITIUS. Senior synonym of avioide: Fisher, 2005: 661.
 * avioide. Proceratium avioide De Andrade, in Baroni Urbani & De Andrade, 2003b: 78, figs. 37, 38 (w.q.m.) MAURITIUS. Junior synonym of avium: Fisher, 2005: 662.

Worker
Baroni Urbani and de Andrade (2003) - Head longer than broad, with subparallel or gently convex sides. Vertex gently convex or straight in full face view. Clypeus broad, convex, protruding anteriorly and surrounding the whole antennal insertions.

Anteromedian margin of the clypeus with or without a variably impressed notch. Frontal carinae separate from each other, parallel and not covering the antennal insertions. Lateral expansions of the frontal carinae narrow and low. Frons concave. Genal carinae superficially marked. Head ventrally with a pair of superficially impressed longitudinal sulci delimited externally by the genal carinae. Gular area weakly concave. Eyes present, composed by a single convex facet each and slightly below the mid-line of the head. Scapes distinctly surpassing the vertexal margin. First funicular joint about 1/4 longer than broad. Funicular joints 2-7 slightly longer than broad, and joints 8-10 about as broad as long. Last funicular joint as long as the sum of joints 7- 10. Mandibles with 4-6 denticles. Palp formula 4,3.

Mesosoma elongate, much longer than the head length (mandibles included). Promesonotal and propodeal sutures absent; some specimens with a superficial depression dorsally between the mesonotum and propodeum. Promesopleural and meso-metapleural sutures impressed on the ventral half only. Propodeurn unarmed and gently convex in side view. Propodeal lobes subtruncate and apically variably convex. Propodeal spiracle turnuliform, over mid height of the propodeum in lateral view.

Petiole about 1/5 longer than broad, with diverging sides on the anterior fourth and convex posteriorly in dorsal view. Anterior border of the petiole gently concave and carinate, the carina dentictilate on each side. Ventral process of the petiole longitudinally carinate, the carinae sometimes with two small, subtriangular teeth, the anterior larger and broader than the second, when present. Postpetiole slightly shorter than gastral tergite I (LT4), slightly convex in side view and with the sides diverging backwards in dorsal view. Postpetiolar sternite anteromedially with a marked subtriangular projection. Posterior half of the postpetiolar sternite convex. Constriction between postpetiole and gastral segment I impressed. Gastral tergite I convex. Remaining gastral tergites and sternites slightly curved ventrally.

Legs slender and elongate. All tibiae with a pectinate spur. Spurs of fore legs with a basal spine. Fore basitarsi slightly shorter than the mid ones. Hind basitarsi very long and about 0.9 of the length of the hind tibiae. Second tarsomere of mid and hind legs longer than third and fourth tarsomeres, and about as long as the pretarsus. Pretarsal claws simple. Arolia present but small.

Sculpture. Body largely shining, with sparse, small foveae, denser close to the posterior border of the postpetiole, smaller or absent on the frons, on the dorsum of the mesosoma and of the petiole, rare on the gular area. Sides of the head between clypeus and eyes irregularly rugulose. Gaster with minute piligerous punctures. Legs with dense piligerous punctures.

Body covered by hairs of three main types: (1) short, dense, subdecumbent on the whole body, suberect and sparse on the funicular joints; (2) long, suberect or subdecumbent, sparse on most of the body but absent on the scapes and funicular joints; (3) shorter than hair type (1), dense and decumbent on the funicular joints only. In addition, the funicular joints bear thick, appressed, short, sparse hairs and the scapes sparse, subdecumbent hairs shorter than hair type (2).

Colour reddish or dark yellow-brown with slightly lighter legs; some specimens with darker mandibles and antennae.

Measurements in mm and Indices: TL 4.48-4.78; HL 1.05-1.12; HW 0.90-0.94; EL 0.09-0.10; SL 0.93-0.97; WL 1.34-1.44; PeL 0.53-0.57; PeW 0.40-0.44; HFeL 1.12-1.24; HTiL 0.96-1.03; HBaL 0.81-0.88; LS4 0.20-0.22; LT4 0.74-0.78; CI 84.5-85.7; SI 87.3-88.6; IGR 0.27-0.29.

Type Material
Baroni Urbani and de Andrade (2003) - Type locality: Mauritius. Type material: 38 workers (holotype and paratypes) partially labelled "Mauritius, W. L., Brown, 1 Apr. 1969, Le Pouce Mt., 700-800 m, native forest, M252", holotype in, paratypes in , , MCZC, , , , all examined.