Messor capitatus

A west-European ant, reported also from NW Africa (Rigato & Toni, 2011).

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Palaearctic Region: Balearic Islands, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Greece, Iberian Peninsula, Italy, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Portugal, Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Slovenia, Spain.

Nomenclature

 * . Formica capitata Latreille, 1798: 46 (w.) FRANCE.
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: France: vic. Bordeaux (Latreille?).
 * Type-depository: MNHN.
 * Latreille, 1802c: 235 (q.); Mayr, 1855: 463 (m.).
 * Combination in Manica: Jurine, 1807: 279;
 * combination in Myrmica: Losana, 1834: 325;
 * combination in Atta: Latreille, 1809: 130; Leach, 1815: 147; Brullé, 1833: 327; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 173; Lucas, H. 1849: 300;
 * combination in Aphaenogaster: Roger, 1863b: 29;
 * combination in Stenamma (Messor): Forel, 1902a: 148;
 * combination in Aphaenogaster (Messor): Ruzsky, 1905b: 744;
 * combination in Messor: Emery, 1908e: 449.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1921f: 69; Emery, 1922c: 97; Emery, 1924b: 12; Kutter, 1927: 98.
 * Junior synonym of barbarus: Smith, F. 1858b: 162; Mayr, 1861: 66 (in key); Smith, F. 1861a: 35; Roger, 1863b: 29; Mayr, 1863: 395; Dours, 1873: 167; André, 1874: 203 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 461; Nasonov, 1889: 37.
 * Subspecies of barbarus: Emery, 1891b: 12; Emery, in Dalla Torre, 1893: 100 (footnote); Emery, 1893c: 84; Forel, 1894d: 31; Forel, 1902a: 148; Forel, 1904b: 373; Forel, 1904c: 5; Forel, 1905b: 176; Ruzsky, 1905b: 744; Forel, 1906c: 190; Forel, 1907b: 204; Forel, 1907e: 15; Emery, 1908e: 449 (redescription); Forel, 1909c: 104; Forel, 1909e: 371; Karavaiev, 1910b: 62; Karavaiev, 1912a: 7; Emery, 1912f: 97; Emery, 1916b: 142; Stitz, 1917: 343; Santschi, 1919e: 244; Menozzi, 1922b: 326; Ruzsky, 1923: 4; Santschi, 1923f: 325; Finzi, 1924a: 13; Santschi, 1925g: 341; Santschi, 1926f: 286; Finzi, 1929: 80; Cori & Finzi, 1931: 238; Santschi, 1931a: 4; Santschi, 1932g: 3; Finzi, 1933: 163; Grandi, 1935: 100; Zimmermann, 1935: 17; Menozzi, 1936d: 276; Finzi, 1940: 159; Consani & Zangheri, 1952: 40; Ceballos, 1956: 301.
 * Status as species: Latreille, 1802c: 234; Jurine, 1807: 279; Latreille, 1809: 130; Leach, 1815: 147; Brullé, 1833: 327; Losana, 1834: 325; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 173; Brullé, 1840: 84; Lucas, H. 1849: 300; Schenck, 1852: 135; Mayr, 1855: 462 (redescription); Nylander, 1856b: 83; Mayr, 1866b: 896; Dalla Torre, 1893: 101; Bondroit, 1918: 153; Lomnicki, 1925b: 2; Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 40; Baroni Urbani, 1964c: 150; Cagniant, 1966b: 279; Bernard, 1967: 147 (redescription); Baroni Urbani, 1968b: 427; Cagniant, 1968a: 143; Baroni Urbani, 1969a: 331; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 62; Cagniant, 1970a: 416; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 57; Baroni Urbani, 1974: 232; Collingwood, 1978: 81 (in key); Bernard, 1980: 266; Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 425; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 271 (in key); Casevitz-Weulersse, 1990b: 156 (in key); De Haro & Collingwood, 1994: 99; Bolton, 1995b: 253; Mei, 1995: 761; Poldi, et al. 1995: 3; Espadaler, 1997b: 30; Cagniant & Espadaler, 1998: 423; Markó & Csösz, 2002: 116; Bračko, 2006: 137; Cagniant, 2006a: 197; Petrov, 2006: 93 (in key); Bračko, 2007: 17; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 489; Lapeva-Gjonova, et al. 2010: 15; Karaman, M.G. 2011b: 36; Legakis, 2011: 9; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2012: 512; Borowiec, L. 2014: 103; Bračko, et al. 2014: 14; Lebas, et al. 2016: 294.
 * Senior synonym of galbula: Emery, 1921f: 70; Bolton, 1995b: 253.
 * Senior synonym of huberiana: Emery, 1921f: 70; Bolton, 1995b: 253.
 * Senior synonym of nigra: Menozzi, 1921: 26; Emery, 1922c: 97; Finzi, 1924a: 13; Finzi, 1929: 80; Cori & Finzi, 1931: 238; Zimmermann, 1935: 17; Bernard, 1967: 147; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 58; Collingwood, 1978: 68; Bolton, 1995b: 253; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 489.
 * Distribution: Algeria, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, France (+ Corsica), Greece, Italy (+ Sardinia, Sicily), Macedonia, Malta, Morocco, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain (+ Balearics), Tunisia.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus nigricans Santschi, 1929f.
 * galbula. Myrmica galbula Losana, 1834: 326, pl. 36, fig. 5 (w.) ITALY.
 * Type-material: holotype (?) worker.
 * [Note: no indication of number of specimens is given.]
 * Type-locality: Italy: Piedmont (M. Losana).
 * Type-depository: unknown (no material is known to exist).
 * [Note: author not mentioned in Horn & Kahle, 1935: 159.]
 * Combination in Aphaenogaster: Roger, 1863b: 29.
 * Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 109.
 * Junior synonym of barbarus: Roger, 1863b: 29; Emery & Forel, 1879: 461.
 * Junior synonym of capitatus: Emery, 1921f: 70; Bolton, 1995b: 254.
 * huberiana. Formica huberiana Leach, 1825: 290 (w.q.m.) FRANCE.
 * Type-material: syntype worker(s), syntype queen(s), syntype male(s) (numbers not stated).
 * Type-localities: Switzerland: northern Switzerland (“Habitat in Helvetia Boreali”) (W.E. Leach), France: Risso, nr Nice (W.E. Leach).
 * Type-depository: unknown (in BMNH, according to Horn & Kahle, 1935: 151).
 * Combination in Aphaenogaster: Roger, 1863b: 29.
 * Junior synonym of barbarus: Roger, 1863b: 29; Mayr, 1863: 395; Emery & Forel, 1879: 461; Dalla Torre, 1893: 100.
 * Junior synonym of capitatus: Emery, 1921f: 70; Bolton, 1995b: 254.
 * nigra. Aphaenogaster barbara var. nigra André, 1883b: 355 (w.q.) FRANCE (mainland, Corsica), ITALY (mainland, Sardinia, Sicily), ALGERIA.
 * Type-material: syntype workers, syntype queens (numbers not stated).
 * Type-localities: France: (+ Corsica) (no further data), Italy: (+ Sardinia, Sicily) (no further data), Algeria (no further data).
 * Type-depository: MNHN.
 * Emery, 1908e: 447 (m.).
 * Combination in Stenamma (Messor): Ruzsky, 1902d: 28;
 * combination in Messor: Emery, 1908e: 446.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1891b: 12; Emery, 1908e: 446; Emery, 1912f: 97; Emery, 1914d: 156; Emery, 1915a: 245; Emery, 1916b: 142; Menozzi, 1918: 82; Soudek, 1925b: 15.
 * Subspecies of barbarus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 100; Ruzsky, 1902d: 28; Emery, 1908d: 23; Forel, 1909c: 104; Forel, 1909e: 379; Forel, 1911d: 346; Krausse, 1912b: 164; Müller, 1923b: 63.
 * Junior synonym of capitatus: Menozzi, 1921: 26; Emery, 1922c: 97; Finzi, 1924a: 13; Finzi, 1929: 80; Cori & Finzi, 1931: 238; Zimmermann, 1935: 17; Bernard, 1967: 147; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 58; Collingwood, 1978: 68; Bolton, 1995b: 255; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 489.

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