Holcoponera ammophila

This species is unique within the genus due to its savanna nest sites as opposed to the forest preferences of most species. Its range is apparently restricted to high (>1200m), cool savannas of the Upper Rio Caroni watershed (La Gran Sabana). It has not been found in lower savannas, despite the fact that another ant, Pogonomyrmex naegelii, is widespread in savannas isolated in the midst of great expanses of forest. The extent of savannas in the Guiana Shield was much broader during the last glaciation (75,000-11,000 B.P.), as were generally cooler temperatures and a drier climate (Schubert 1988; Clapperton 1993). Such conditions could conceivably have favored the origin of this species from its apparent sister species Gnamptogenys striatula during the course of the last glaciation. (Lattke 1995)

Identification
Black, finely costulate with brown scapes and mandibles, light brown legs. Subpetiolar process subquadrate, not as projecting anterad as in Gnamptogenys striatula. Mesosomal dorsum with longitudinal costulae and erect hairs up to 0.30 mm in length. (Lattke 1995)

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Venezuela.

Nomenclature

 *  ammophila. Gnamptogenys ammophila Lattke, 1990b: 6, figs. 6, 9 (w.) VENEZUELA.