Philidris nagasau

Philidris nagasau is polydomous. It cultivates and manages large Squamellaria colonies by collecting and planting the plants’ seeds under tree bark and fertilising its crop from the seedling stage onward. The ants feed on sugar- and amino-acid-rich floral food rewards produced by mature Squamellaria plants (Chomicki and Renner 2016; Chomicki et al. 2016, Chomicki and Renner 2019, Chomicki et al. 2019). The ants obligately use the domatia of this plant for their nests.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Indo-Australian Region: Fiji.

Biology
Chomicki and Renner (2019) studied nutrient uptake in ephipytic plants in the genus Squamellaria. Seeds of this plant are placed under bark by P. nagasau, and the ants obligately use the ephiphyte, which forms a domatia, for their nests. This study showed that nutrient uptake was greatly enhanced by the ants, putatively through the ants defecating on absorptive warts found on the inside walls of the domatia. The warts are thought to be analogous to root hairs in their capacity and function.

Ant Gardens
This species is known to form ant gardens (i.e., they are able to initiate ant gardens or are restricted to ant gardens) (Campbell et al., 2022; Chomicki & Renner, 2016).

Nomenclature

 *  nagasau. Iridomyrmex nagasau Mann, 1921: 470, fig. 27 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18. Senior synonym of agnatus, alticola: Sarnat & Economo, 2012: 36.
 * agnatus. Iridomyrmex nagasau subsp. agnatus Mann, 1921: 472 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18. Junior synonym of nagasau: Sarnat & Economo, 2012: 36.
 * alticola. Iridomyrmex nagasau subsp. alticola Mann, 1921: 472 (w.) FIJI IS. Combination in Philidris: Shattuck, 1992a: 18. Junior synonym of nagasau: Sarnat & Economo, 2012: 36.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Dlussky G.M. 1994. Zoogeography of southwestern Oceania. Zhivotnoe naselenie ostrovov Iugo-Zapadnoi Okeanii ekologo-geograficheskie issledovanii 48-93.
 * Mann W. M. 1921. The ants of the Fiji Islands. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 64: 401-499.
 * Santschi F. 1928. Fourmis de îles Fidji. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 35: 67-74.
 * Sarnat Eli M. 2009. The Ants [Hymenoptera: Formicdiae] of Fiji: Systematics, Biogeography and Conservation of an Island Arc Fauna. 80-252
 * Shattuck S. O. 1994. Taxonomic catalog of the ant subfamilies Aneuretinae and Dolichoderinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). University of California Publications in Entomology 112: i-xix, 1-241.
 * Ward, Darren F. and James K. Wetterer. 2006. Checklist of the Ants of Fiji. Fiji Arthropods III 85: 23-47.
 * Wheeler W.M. 1935. Check list of the ants of Oceania. Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum 11(11):1-56.
 * Wheeler, William Morton.1935.Checklist of the Ants of Oceania.Occasional Papers 11(11): 3-56
 * Wilson E.O., and G.L. Hunt. 1967. Ant fauna of Futuna and Wallis islands, stepping stones to Polynesia. Pacific Insects 9(4): 563-584.
 * Wilson, Edward O. and George L. Hunt. 1967. Ant Fauna of Futuna and Wallis Islands, Stepping Stones To Polynesia. Pacific Insects. 9(4):563-584.
 * Wilson, Edward O. and Hunt, George L. Jr. 1967. Ant Fauna of Futuna and Wallis Islands, Stepping Stones to Polynesia. Pacific Insects. 9(4):563-584