Cephalotes cordiventris

The report by Cornaby (1974) of unidentified Cephalotini feeding on carrion in Costa Rica refers to this species. Specimens have been collected in a number of wet/moist forest habitats.

Identification
A member of the basalis clade differing from its sister species Cephalotes mompox by the absence of striation on the posterior face of the femora. cordiventris may be easily differentiated from the similar Cephalotes basalis as follows: worker with narrower pronotal lamellae and first propodeal teeth angulate instead of pointed, soldier and gyne with reduced vertexal spines (instead of pointed denticles as in basalis). The limited material of gynes available (two for cordiventris and four of basalis) suggest important differences also in the size, position and colour of the gastral spots, as detailed in their respective descriptions. (de Andrade and Baroni Urbani 1999)

Distribution
Occurs in Costa Rica and Panama.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Costa Rica, Panama.

Nomenclature

 *  cordiventris. Cryptocerus (Paracryptocerus) multispinus var. cordiventris Santschi, 1931c: 274 (s.w.) PANAMA. De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 263 (q.). Combination in Cephalotes: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 259. Junior synonym of multispinus: Kempf, 1951: 204. Revived from synonymy and raised to species: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 259.

Worker
de Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999) - Differing from mompox essentially in sculpture and little in morphology: small workers of cordiventris possess the pronotal lamellae less broad and converging posteriorly into a gently notched border, the propodeum less broad and the HBaI greater.

Sculpture. The reticulation and the foveae on the mesosoma are less dense than in mompox. Declivous face of the propodeum and legs minutely and superficially reticulate instead of longitudinally rugose.

Measurements (in mm) and indices: TL 6.32-7.44; HL 1.56-1.80; HW 1.88-2.28; EL 0.52-0.60; PW 1.78-2.24; PeW 1.20-1.48; PpW 1.12-1.28; HBaL 0.76-0.94; HBaW 0.27-0.32; CI 120.5-126.7; PI 101.9-105.9; PPeI 145.7-151.3; PPpI 158.9-175.0; HBaI 34.0-35.5.

Soldier
de Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999) - Head subquadrate, convex and without disc. Vertexal angles obtuse. Vertex with a pair of small median teeth or simply a pair of swellings. Frontal carinae broad anteriorly, converging in front of the eyes and superficially marked behind the eyes. Mandibles broad, their sides with an impressed, round, carinate protuberance. Eyes almost flat.

Mesosoma. Anterior pronotal border convex. Pronotal sides with a pair of broad lamellae, pointed anteriorly, straight or gently convex medially and strongly converging posteriorly.

Pronotal carina thick, raised and interrupted medially by an impression. Promesonotal suture impressed. Mesonotal sides with a pair of broad spines with pointed or round tip. Propodeal suture deeply impressed. Propodeum with differentiate basal and declivous faces; basal face either straight anteriorly or gently diverging over the whole sides into a pair of broad, large, pointed or round teeth. These teeth are followed by a concavity and by another, larger pair of teeth with round tip; sides of the declivous face converging posteriorly.

Petiole. Anterior face truncate; posterior face sloping backwards and with a superficial, median, transversal carina. Petiolar sides diverging posteriorly and with a pair of broad, long, pointed spines curved upwards. Dorsum of the postpetiole gently convex. Postpetiolar spines thick, pointed and arising from the anterior side of the postpetiole.

Gaster round, slightly longer than the mesosoma; anterolateral border of the first gastral tergite with a lamella not surpassing the first gastral stigma posteriorly.

Legs. Fore coxae tumuliform anteriorly. Fore femora as broad as or slightly narrower than the hind ones. Mid and hind femora angulate medially; mid and hind basitarsi laterally compressed and with broad base.

Sculpture. Head, mesosoma and pedicel minutely punctate and covered by small, superficial foveae smaller than their interspaces, larger and denser on the lateral part of the propodeal dorsum, on the petiole and on the postpetiolar spines. Ventral face of the head and propleurae minutely punctate and with the same sculpture as on the propodeal sides or with broader and deeper foveae in some specimens only. Lower meso- and metapleurae, outer face of the distal part of the femora, tibiae and anterolateral fourth of the first gastral tergite with dense, oval foveae. Declivous face of the propodeum, remaining parts of the pleurae and of the legs minutely reticulate-punctate. First gastral tergite with minute, superficial reticulation and foveae in small specimens; the same sculpture but less impressed and very shining in large specimens. First gastral sternite reticulate on the sides and shining in the middle.

Pilosity. Each fovea bearing an appressed hair of size proportional to the size of the fovea. Legs and posterior border of the gastral segments with erect, slightly clavate hairs. First gastral tergite anterolaterally covered by a spot of appressed hairs.

Colour. Shining black. First gastral tergite anterolaterally with a whitish-golden macula made out of a tuft of dense hairs.

Measurements (in mm) and indices: TL 8.44-10.20; HL 2.24-2 .68; HW 2.56-3.08; EL 0.61-0.65; PW 2.56-3.04; PeW 1.52-2.00; PpW 1.32-1.68; HBaL 0.80-0.96; HBaW 0.30-0.36; CI 112.0-114.9; PI 100.0-101.3; PPeI 152.0-168.4; PPpI 180.9-193.9; HBal 36.9-37.5.

Queen
de Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999) - Head as in the soldier, but with the frontal carinae less broad and the eyes more convex. Ocelli far from the vertexal margin.

Mesosoma moderately convex in profile. Pronotal sides with short, obtuse humeral angles. Pronotal carina absent or superficially impressed on the sides. Mesonotum flat in side view. Lower mesopleurae with a lateral tooth. Sides of the basal face of the propodeum with two pairs of teeth separate by a superficial concavity, the first pair broad and triangular, the second longer than the first and with obtuse or pointed tips. Declivous face of the propodeum with posteriorly converging sides.

Petiole with distinctly differentiate anterior and posterior faces; anterior face truncate; posterior face sloping backwards. Petiolar sides with a broad, short, pointed, lateral spine directed backwards. Postpetiole convex, bearing in the middle of the node a superficial, incomplete "U" shaped carina; postpetiolar spines short, broad, arising from the anterior border of the postpetiole and directed laterally.

Gaster weakly protruding anterolaterally and with a marginate carina not reaching the stigma backwards.

Legs. As in the soldier but with narrower femora.

Sculpture. Head, pronotum and mesonotum minutely punctate and covered by small, superficial foveae smaller than their interspaces. Ventral part of the head, propleurae and basal face of the propodeum minutely and superficially punctate and with large, deep and dense foveae. Posterior face of the petiole, of the postpetiole, lower mesopleurae, distal half of the outer face of the femora and outer face of the tibiae minutely reticulate-punctate and with dense, oval foveae; this same type of sculpture but the foveae more round on the upper mesopleurae. Lateral and posterior border of the gastral tergites and posterior border of the sternites minutely reticulate. Remaining parts of the gaster shining and with small, superficial foveae denser on the anterolateral part of the first tergite. Legs superficially reticulate.

Pilosity. Each fovea bearing an appressed hair of size proportional to the size of the fovea. Legs and posterior border of the gastral segments with erect, slightly clavate hairs.

Colour. Shining black. First gastral tergite with a pair of yellowish-white, oval spots on the middle of the sides.

Measurements (in mm) and indices: TL 11.04-12.04; HL 2.32-2.60; HW 2.60-2.92; EL 0.60-0.64; PW 2.48-2.84; PeW 1.16-1.44; PpW 1.32-1.50; HBaL 1.04-1.08; HBaW 0.35-0.40; CI 112.1-112.3; PI 102.8-104.8; PPeI 197.2-213.8; PPpI 187.9-189.3; HBal 33.6-37.0.

Type Material
de Andrade and Baroni Urbani (1999) - Worker and soldier. Type locality: Canal Zone (Panama). Type material: 8 workers and 10 soldiers labelled "Panama, Canal Zone, Bierig, 1930" in (examined).

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Adams B. J., S. A. Schnitzer, and S. P. Yanoviak. 2016. Trees as islands: canopy ant species richness increases with the size of liana-free trees in a Neotropical forest. Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.02608
 * Adams B. J., S. A. Schnitzer, and S. P. Yanoviak. 2019. Connectivity explains local ant community structure in a Neotropical forest canopy: a large-scale experimental approach. Ecology 100(6): e02673.
 * Basset Y., L. Cizek, P. Cuenoud, R. K. Didham, F. Guilhaumon, O. Missa, V. Novotny, F. Odegaards, T. Roslin, J. Schmidl et al. 2012. Arthropod diversity in a tropical forest. Science 338(6113): 1481-1484.
 * Fernández, F. and S. Sendoya. 2004. Lista de las hormigas neotropicales. Biota Colombiana Volume 5, Number 1.
 * INBio Collection (via Gbif)
 * Santschi F. 1931. Fourmis de Cuba et de Panama. Revista de Entomologia (Rio de Janeiro). 1: 265-282.
 * de Andrade, M.L. & C. Baroni Urbani. 1999. Diversity and Adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, past and present. Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde Serie B 271. 893 pages, Stuttgart