Carebara pygmaea

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Indo-Australian Region: Borneo, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines. Oriental Region: Laos, Sri Lanka.

Nomenclature

 * . Pheidologeton pygmaeus Emery, 1887b: 465 (s.w.) INDONESIA (Ternate I.).
 * Combination in P. (Aneleus): Emery, 1900c: 327;
 * combination in Aneleus (Aneleus): Emery, 1924d: 214;
 * combination in Pheidologeton: Ettershank, 1966: 119;
 * combination in Carebara: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 73; Forel, 1911e: 268; Emery, 1924d: 214; Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 246; Ettershank, 1966: 119; Bolton, 1995b: 333; Jaitrong & Nabhitabhata, 2005: 36; Pfeiffer, et al. 2011: 50; Jaitrong, Guénard, et al. 2016: 34.
 * Senior synonym of albipes: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * Senior synonym of bugnioni: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * Senior synonym of simalurensis: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus densistriatus.
 * albipes. Pheidologeton pygmaeus var. albipes Emery, 1893g: 266 (w.) PHILIPPINES (Luzon I.).
 * Wheeler, W.M. 1927h: 96 (in text) (m.).
 * Combination in Aneleus (Aneleus): Emery, 1924d: 214;
 * combination in Pheidologeton: Ettershank, 1966: 118.
 * Subspecies of pygmaea: Wheeler, W.M. 1909d: 340; Emery, 1924d: 214; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 154; Baltazar, 1966: 257; Ettershank, 1966: 118; Bolton, 1995b: 333.
 * Junior synonym of pygmaea: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * bugnioni. Pheidologeton (Aneleus) pygmaeus var. bugnioni Forel, 1915a: 28 (s.) SRI LANKA.
 * Combination in Aneleus (Aneleus): Emery, 1924d: 214;
 * combination in Pheidologeton: Ettershank, 1966: 118.
 * Subspecies of pygmaea: Emery, 1924d: 214; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 154; Ettershank, 1966: 118; Bolton, 1995b: 333.
 * Junior synonym of pygmaea: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * simalurensis. Pheidologeton (Aneleus) pygmaeus var. simalurensis Forel, 1915a: 27 (s.w.q.) INDONESIA (Sumatra: Simalur I.).
 * Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 246 (m.).
 * Combination in Aneleus (Aneleus): Emery, 1924d: 214;
 * combination in Oligomyrmex: Ettershank, 1966: 124;
 * combination in Carebara: Fernández, 2004a: 235.
 * Subspecies of pygmaea: Wheeler, W.M. 1924b: 246; Emery, 1924d: 214; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 154.
 * Status as species: Ettershank, 1966: 124; Bolton, 1995b: 300.
 * Junior synonym of pygmaea: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

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 * Bruhl C.A. 2001. Leaf litter ant communities in tropical lowland rain forests in Sabah, Malaysia: effects of forest disturbance and fragmentation. PHD thesis Wurzburg Universitat, 168 pp.
 * Chapman, J. W., and Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monogr. Inst. Sci. Technol. Manila 1: 1-327
 * Dias R. K. S. 2006. Current taxonomic status of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Sri Lanka. The Fauna of Sri Lanka: 43-52. Bambaradeniya, C.N.B. (Editor), 2006. Fauna of Sri Lanka: Status of Taxonomy, Research and Conservation. The World Conservation Union, Colombo, Sri Lanka & Government of Sri Lanka. viii + 308pp.
 * Dias R. K. S., K. R. K. A. Kosgamage, and H. A. W. S. Peiris. 2012. The Taxonomy and Conservation Status of Ants (Order: Hymenoptera, Family: Formicidae) in Sri Lanka. In: The National Red List 2012 of Sri Lanka; Conservation Status of the Fauna and Flora. Weerakoon, D.K. & S. Wijesundara Eds., Ministry of Environment, Colombo, Sri Lanka. p11-19.
 * Eguchi K., and S. Yamane. 2003. Species diversity of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a lowland rainforest, northwestern Borneo. New Entomol. 52(1,2): 49-59.
 * Emery C. 1887. Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza. Formiche della regione Indo-Malese e dell'Australia (continuazione e fine). [concl.]. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. 25(5): 427-473.
 * Emery C. 1900. Formicidarum species novae vel minus cognitae in collectione Musaei Nationalis Hungarici quas in Nova-Guinea, colonia germanica, collegit L. Biró. Publicatio secunda. Természetrajzi Füzetek 23: 310-338.
 * Ettershank G. 1966. A generic revision of the world Myrmicinae related to Solenopsis and Pheidologeton (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Aust. J. Zool. 14: 73-171.
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 * Forel A. 1911. Die Ameisen des K. Zoologischen Museums in München. Sitzungsber. Math.-Phys. Kl. K. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Münch. 11: 249-303.
 * Forel A. 1915. Fauna Simalurensis. Hymenoptera Aculeata, Fam. Formicidae. Tijdschr. Entomol. 58: 22-43.
 * Gunawardene N. R., J. D. Majer, and J. P. Edirisinghe. 2012. Correlates of ant 5Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and tree species diversity in Sri Lanka. Myrmecological News 17: 81-90.
 * Hashimoto Y., Y. Morimoto, E. S. Widodo, and M. Mohamed. 2006. Vertical distribution pattern of ants in a Bornean tropical rainforest (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 47(3): 697- 710.
 * Jaitrong W., and T. Ting-Nga. 2005. Ant fauna of Peninsular Botanical Garden (Khao Chong), Trang Province, Southern Thailand (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 1(2): 137-147.
 * Kishimoto-Yamata K., F. Hyodo, M. Matsuoka, Y. Hashimoto, M. Kon, T. Ochi, S. Yamane, R. Ishii, and T. Itioka. 2012. Effects of remnant primary forests on ant and dung beetle species diversity in a secondary forest in Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Insect Conservation DOI 10.1007/s10841-012-9544-6
 * Pfeiffer M., D. Mezger, and J. Dyckmans. 2013. Trophic ecology of tropical leaf litter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) - a stable isotope study in four types of Bornean rain forest. Myrmecological News 19: 31-41.
 * Pfeiffer M., and D. Mezger. 2012. Biodiversity Assessment in Incomplete Inventories: Leaf Litter Ant Communities in Several Types of Bornean Rain Forest. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40729. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040816
 * Pfeiffer M., and D. Mezger. 2012. Biodiversity Assessment in Incomplete Inventories: Leaf Litter Ant Communities in Several Types of Bornean Rain Forest. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40729. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040858
 * Pfeiffer M., and D. Mezger. 2012. Biodiversity Assessment in Incomplete Inventories: Leaf Litter Ant Communities in Several Types of Bornean Rain Forest. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40729. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040974
 * Pfeiffer M.; Mezger, D.; Hosoishi, S.; Bakhtiar, E. Y.; Kohout, R. J. 2011. The Formicidae of Borneo (Insecta: Hymenoptera): a preliminary species list. Asian Myrmecology 4:9-58
 * Pfeiffer, M., H. Cheng Tuck, and T. Chong Lay. 2008. Exploring arboreal ant community composition and co-ccurrence patterns in plantations of oil palm Elaeis guineensis in Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia. Ecography 31(1): 21-32.
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 * Wheeler W. M. 1909. Ants of Formosa and the Philippines. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 26: 333-345.
 * Wheeler, William Morton. 1924. Ants of Krakatau and Other Islands in the Sunda Strait. Treubia. 5(1-3):1-20.
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 * Woodcock P., D. P. Edwards, T. M. Fayle, R. J. Newton, C. Vun Khen, S. H. Bottrell, and K. C. Hamer. 2011. The conservation value of South East Asia's highly degraded forests: evidence from leaf-litter ants. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. 366: 3256-3264.
 * Yamane S. 2003. Preliminary survey on the distribution pattern of southeast Asian Pheidologeton species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pp. 73-86 in: Mohamed, M.; Fellowes, J. R.; Yamane, S. (eds.) 2003. Proceedings of the 2nd ANeT workshop and seminar. Kota Kinabalu: Universiti Malaysia Sabah
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