Carebara rugiceps

Distribution
This taxon was described from.

Nomenclature

 * †. †Myrmica rugiceps Heer, 1849: 160, pl. 13, fig. 2 (q.) GERMANY (Miocene).
 * [Also described as new by Heer, 1850: 160.]
 * Combination in Pheidologeton: Assmann, 1870: 40;
 * combination in *Paraphaenogaster: Dlussky & Putyatina, 2014: 271;
 * combination in Carebara: Fischer, et al. 2014: 72.
 * Status as species: Giebel, 1856: 179; Scudder, 1891: 719; Dalla Torre, 1893: 73; Handlirsch, 1907: 873; Bolton, 1995b: 333.

Taxonomic Notes
Radchenko et al. (2019): C. rugiceps were described based on the imprints and most of the important diagnostic generic features are barely visible, except the wings. However, forewing venation in Carebara gynes and males is very similar and often almost identical to those of some other Myrmicinae genera, e.g. Solenopsis, Lophomyrmex, some Aphaenogaster and Pheidole. As a result, a number of fossil species, including Myrmica rugiceps, were transferred from various genera to the morphogenus Paraphaenogaster (Dlussky and Perfilieva 2014; Dlussky and Putyatina 2014; Radchenko and Perkovsky 2016).