Oxyepoecus myops

Workers of this species have been recently extracted from litter samples taken in localities at sea level and up to more than 1000 m high in the Serra do Mar Range. Most localities are covered by dense evergreen tropical forests, but in some cases, samples come from drier forests as well, as in Seara, SC and Teresópolis, RJ. In Serra da Cantareira, SP, workers were attracted to sardine baits set on the forest floor during the day.

Identification
Albuquerque & Brandão (2009) - The exclusive character of Oxyepoecus myops workers in relation to the other species of the Rastratus group is the irregularly reticulate sculpture fully covering the head dorsum and almost all the mesosoma dorsum. Their compound eyes are the smallest in the genus.

Distribution
The distribution of O. myops includes several Southern Brazil localities, and in Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Brazil.

Castes
Males are unknown.

Nomenclature

 *  myops. Oxyepoecus myops Albuquerque & Brandão, 2009: 295, figs. 1a-c, 6 (w.q.) BRAZIL.

Worker
(Holotype and paratypes (N = 30), variation within brackets): t.l. = 2.08 (1.95‑2,15); h.l. = 0.53 (0.50‑0.53); h.w. = 0.40 (0.38‑0.43); s.l. = 0.30 (0.28‑0.31); m.l.e. = 0.06 (0.05‑0.08); m.w.pr. = 0.25 (0.23‑0.28); a.l. = 0.60 (0.58‑0.60); h.f.l. = 0.33 (0.28‑0.33); m.w.p. = 0.15 (0.13‑0.18); m.w.pp. = 0.20 (0.18‑0.20); c.i. 75 (76‑81). Color chestnut brown, legs and antennae slightly lighter. Integument with irregularly reticulate sculpture covering almost all head dorsum, except close to clypeus, and around antennal insertions; almost all mesosoma, petiole dorsum and postpetiole with irregulary reticulate sculpture; gaster smooth and shining. Hairs relatively abundant, short, subdecumbent and curved mesad on head dorsum, and anteriorly curved on the head sides; long and suberect on dorsum of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole; hairs on gaster decumbent and shorter.

Mandible with basal border approximately equal chewing border, basal tooth separated from subbasal tooth by shallow diastema. Anterior tooth of clypeus with lateral, blunt denticle. Frontal carinae short, subparallel, with posterior end at level of anterior margin of compound eye, maximum width between their outer edges less than one fourth of head width. Compound eye very small, with 3‑4 facets r.g.d.; total number of ommatidia not exceeding 7. Antennal scape fails to reach vertexal margin by distance greater than maximum scape width. Funnicular segment I longer than either VIII or IX, as long as II‑V combined, segments II‑VII distinctly broader than long, VIII and IX as long as broad. Head with vertexal margin straight (f.f.v.).

Mesosoma with lateral and dorsal surfaces of pronotum not forming a well marked angle, slightly rounded. Metanotal groove weakly impressed (p.v.). Basal face of propodeum immarginate on sides, posteriorly with a small and obliquely directed tooth (p.v.). Declivous face laterally weakly carinate.

Petiole pedunculate, node scarcely compressed antero-posteriorly (d.v.); subpetiolar process with anterior end as a small and obliquely oriented denticle. Postpetiole strongly compressed antero-posteriorly, not as high as petiolar node; subpostpetiolar process shaped as small, transversal crest, parallel to ventrally produced posterior socket of postpetiole.

Queen
(variation of three paratype gynes): t.l. = (2.53‑2.58); h.l. = (0.55‑0.56); h.w. = (0.45‑0.48); s.l. = (0.33‑0.35); m.l.e. = (0.20‑0.25); m.w.pr. = (0.43‑0.45); a.l. = (0.70‑0.73); h.f.l. = (0.38‑0.40); m.w.p. = (0.18‑0.20); m.w.pp. = (0.28‑0.30); c.i. (81‑86). Characters almost the same as workers, with the differences of the caste: the three ocelli with same diameter, approximately equal to minimum scape width, compound eye with 10 facets r.g.d., about 30 in all, scutellum not marginate.

Type Material
Holotype: worker. Brazil: São Paulo: Salesópolis [23°39’S, 45°53’W], 05‑07.vii.1997, C.I. Yamamoto col., extracted from the leaf litter using Winkler extractor; deposited in. Paratypes (all from Brazil): São Paulo: thirty workers and three gynes from Salesópolis (same locality of the Holotype, but collected in different dates and by different collectors), deposited in MZSP, one worker deposited in, one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in , one worker deposited in.

Etymology
The specific name refers to the relatively minute size of the compound eyes that characterize workers of this species.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Albuquerque, N.L. and C.R.F. Brandao. 2009. A revision of the Neotropical Solenopsidini ant genus Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae): 2. Final. Key for species and revision of the Rastratus species-group. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 49(23): 289-309.
 * Feitosa R. dos S. M. and A. S. Ribeiro. 2005. Mirmecofauna (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) de serapilheira de uma área de Floresta Atlântica no Parque Estadual daCantareira  São Paulo, Brasil. Biotemas 18: 51-71.
 * Figueiredo C. J. de, R. R. da Silva, C. de Bortoli Munhae, and M. S. de Castro Morini. 2013. Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) attracted to underground traps in Atlantic Forest. Biota Neotrop 13(1):  176-182
 * Mentone T. O., E. A. Diniz, C. B. Munhae, O. C. Bueno, and M. S. C. Morini. 2011. Composition of ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at litter in areas of semi-deciduous forest and Eucalyptus spp., in Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 11(2): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v11n2/en/abstract?inventory+bn00511022011.
 * Oliveira Mentone T. de, E. A. Diniz, C. de Bortoli Munhae, O. Correa Bueno and M. S. de Castro Morini. 2012. Composition of ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) at litter in areas of semi-deciduous forest and Eucalyptus spp., in Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotrop 11(2): 237-246.
 * Pacheco, R., R.R. Silva, M.S. de C. Morini, C.R.F. Brandao. 2009. A Comparison of the Leaf-Litter Ant Fauna in a Secondary Atlantic Forest with an Adjacent Pine Plantation in Southeastern Brazil. Neotropical Entomology 38(1):055-065
 * Silva R.R., and C. R. F. Brandao. 2014. Ecosystem-Wide Morphological Structure of Leaf-Litter Ant Communities along a Tropical Latitudinal Gradient. PLoSONE 9(3): e93049. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093049
 * Suguituru S. S., D. R. de Souza, C. de Bortoli Munhae, R. Pacheco, and M. S. de Castro Morini. 2011. Diversidade e riqueza de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em remanescentes de Mata Atlântica na Bacia Hidrográfica do Alto Tietê, SP. Biota Neotrop. 13(2): 141-152.
 * Suguituru S. S., M. Santina de Castro Morini, R. M. Feitosa, and R. Rosa da Silva. 2015. Formigas do Alto Tiete. Canal 6 Editora 458 pages
 * Ulyssea M. A., C. R. F. Brandao. 2013. Catalogue of Dacetini and Solenopsidini ant type specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. Papies Avulsos de Zoologia 53(14): 187-209.
 * Ulyssea M.A., C. E. Cereto, F. B. Rosumek, R. R. Silva, and B. C. Lopes. 2011. Updated list of ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) recorded in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil, with a discussion of research advances and priorities. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 55(4): 603-611.