Dorylus affinis

Identification
A member of the Dorylus helvolus-group.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Afrotropical Region: Chad, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, Zimbabwe. Palaearctic Region: Turkey.

Nomenclature

 * . Dorylus affinis Shuckard, 1840c: 316 (m.) GAMBIA.
 * Type-material: holotype male.
 * Type-locality: Gambia: (no further data).
 * Type-depository: BMNH.
 * Emery, 1901c: 189, 197 (w.l.).
 * Combination in D. (Dorylus): Emery, 1895j: 719.
 * Status as species: Westwood, 1842: 79; Smith, F. 1859b: 2; Mayr, 1863: 408; Roger, 1863b: 41; Gerstäcker, 1871: 355; Emery, 1892a: 110; Dalla Torre, 1893: 9; Mayr, 1893: 200; Emery, 1895j: 719; André, 1895a: 5; Mayr, 1896: 230; Emery 1897e: 596; Emery, 1899a: 499; Emery, 1901c: 185, 189; Forel, 1901h: 47; Mayr, 1904b: 1; Mayr, 1907a: 387; Mayr, 1907b: 8; Forel, 1909b: 53; Emery, 1910b: 9; Santschi, 1910c: 352; Santschi, 1910g: 744; Forel, 1911d: 362; Forel, 1911f: 274; Karavaiev, 1911: 3; Stitz, 1911b: 375; Santschi, 1914b: 58; Santschi, 1914d: 332; Arnold, 1915: 120 (redescription); Santschi, 1917c: 18; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 727; Santschi, 1923e: 271; Wheeler, W.M. 1925b: 1; Menozzi, 1926a: 37; Menozzi, 1933a: 94; Santschi, 1937b: 98; Donisthorpe, 1950d: 638; Donisthorpe, 1950e: 1057; Menozzi & Consani, 1952: 58; Bernard, 1953b: 217; van Boven & Lévieux, 1970: 353; Bolton, 1995b: 177; Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 307; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 5; Hita Garcia, et al. 2013: 203; Borowiec, L. 2014: 71 (see note in bibliography).
 * Senior synonym of brevinodosus: Emery, 1901c: 189; Emery, 1910b: 9; Arnold, 1915: 120; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 728; Bolton, 1995b: 177.
 * Senior synonym of planiceps: Emery, 1895j: 719; Emery, 1910b: 9; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 728; Bolton, 1995b: 177.
 * Distribution: Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania (+ Zanzibar), Turkey, Uganda, Yemen, Zambia.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus aegyptiacus, denudatus, exilis, hirsutus, loewyi, parapsidalis, pulliceps, sudanicus.
 * brevinodosus. Typhlopone oraniensis var. brevinodosus Mayr, 1862: 737 (w.) GHANA.
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: Ghana (“Gold Coast”) (no further data)..
 * Type-depository: NHMW.
 * Combination in Dorylus: Dalla Torre, 1893: 10;
 * combination in D. (Dorylus): Emery, 1895j: 717.
 * Subspecies of oraniensis: Mayr, 1863: 457.
 * Status as species: Roger, 1863b: 20; Emery, 1877b: 381; Emery, 1881a: 271; Dalla Torre, 1893: 10; Forel, 1894b: 78; André, 1895a: 5; Emery, 1895j: 717; Emery, 1897e: 596.
 * Junior synonym of affinis: Emery, 1901c: 189; Emery, 1910b: 9; Arnold, 1915: 120; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 728; Bolton, 1995b: 178.
 * planiceps. Dorylus plancipes Haldeman, 1849b: 204 (m.) LIBERIA.
 * Type-material: holotype male.
 * Type-locality: Liberia (“West Africa”): Cape Palmas (T.S. Savage).
 * Type-depository: ANSP.
 * [Justified emendation of spelling to planiceps: Dalla Torre, 1893: 13.]
 * Status as species: Dalla Torre, 1893: 13.
 * Junior synonym of affinis: Emery, 1895j: 719; Emery, 1910b: 9; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 728; Bolton, 1995b: 180.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * André E. 1895. Formicides de l'Ogooué (Congo français). Rev. Entomol. (Caen) 14: 1-5.
 * Bernard F. 1953. La réserve naturelle intégrale du Mt Nimba. XI. Hyménoptères Formicidae. Mémoires de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire 19: 165-270.
 * Borowiec L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2018. Notes on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Gambia (Western Africa). Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 26: 1-13.
 * Boven J. K. A. 1967. Formicides du Musée de Dundo (Angola) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Publicações Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola 76: 63-75.
 * Boven J. K. A. van, and J. Levieux. 1970. Les Dorylinae de la savane de Lamto (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Ann. Univ. Abidjan Sér. E (Écol.) 1(2): 351-358.
 * Diame L., B. Taylor, R. Blatrix, J. F. Vayssieres, J. Y. Rey, I. Grechi, and K. Diarra. 2017. A preliminary checklist of the ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fauna of Senegal. Journal of Insect Biodiversity 5(15): 1-16.
 * Donisthorpe, H.. "A first instalment of the ants of Turkey." Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12)3 (1950): 1057-1067.
 * Emery C. 1881. Spedizione italiana nell'Africa equatoriale. Risultati zoologici. Formiche. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 16: 270-276.
 * Emery C. 1895. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 8: 685-778.
 * Emery C. 1901. Studi sul polimorfismo e la metamorfosi nel genere Dorylus. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna (5)9: 183-201.
 * Emery, C.. "Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte prima. Formiche provenienti dal Viaggio dei signori Antinori, Beccari e Issel nel Mar Rosso e nel paese dei Bogos. [concl.]." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 9 (1877): 363-381.
 * Forel A. 1901. Formiciden des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Neue Calyptomyrmex-, Dacryon-, Podomyrma- und Echinopla-Arten. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 18: 43-82.
 * Forel A. 1909. Fourmis du Musée de Bruxelles. Fourmis de Benguela récoltées par M. Creighton Wellman, et fourmis du Congo récoltées par MM. Luja, Kohl et Laurent. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 53: 51-73.
 * Hita Garcia F., E. Wiesel, G. Fischer. 2013. The ants of Kenya (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)faunal overview, first species checklist, bibliography, accounts for all genera, and discussion on taxonomy and zoogeography. Journal of East African Natural History 101: 127-222.
 * IZIKO South Africa Museum Collection
 * Medler J. T. 1980: Insects of Nigeria - Check list and bibliography. Mem. Amer. Ent. Inst. 30: i-vii, 1-919.
 * Menozzi C. 1926. Formiche dell'Africa centrale. Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana. 58: 36-41.
 * Menozzi C. 1930. Formiche della Somalia italiana meridionale. Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana. 9: 76-130.
 * Menozzi C., M. Consani. 1952. Missione biologica Sagan-Omo diretta dal Prof. E. Zavattari. Hymenoptera Formicidae. Rivista di Biologia Coloniale 11: 57-71.
 * Ross S. R. P. J., F. Hita Garcia, G. Fischer, and M. K. Peters. 2018. Selective logging intensity in an East African rain forest predicts reductions in ant diversity. Biotropica 1-11.
 * Santschi F. 1910. Formicides nouveaux ou peu connus du Congo français. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 78: 349-400.
 * Santschi F. 1914. Formicides de l'Afrique occidentale et australe du voyage de Mr. le Professeur F. Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura. Portici 8: 309-385.
 * Santschi F. 1923. Descriptions de nouveaux Formicides éthiopiens et notes diverses. I. Revue Zoologique Africaine (Brussels) 11: 259-295.
 * Stitz H. 1911. Formicidae. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition 3: 375-392.
 * Weber N. A. 1943. The ants of the Imatong Mountains, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 93: 263-389.
 * Wheeler W. M. 1922. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. A contribution to the myrmecology of Africa. VIII. A synonymic list of the ants of the Ethiopian region. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45: 711-1004
 * Wheeler W. M. 1925. Zoological results of the Swedish Expedition to Central Africa 1921. Insecta. 10. Formicidae. Arkiv för Zoologi 17A(25): 1-3.