Crematogaster mahery

Crematogaster mahery has only been collected a few times. It shows an unusual distribution, having been collected in mountainous regions at higher elevations and in the littoral forest at sea level. This is the only Crematogaster Decacrema species recorded from the littoral forest of R.S. Manombo.

Identification
Blaimer (2010, 2012c) - A member of the Crematogaster hova group. Workers of the C. hova-group reaching the body size of Crematogaster mahery usually possess a costulate or areolate head sculpture, not strictly aciculate as in C. mahery. Furthermore, although in size and other characters very similar to C. sabatra, there is only opportunity for confusion of the two at one locality, P.N. Andringitra. Here the two species can be separated by head sculpture: at this locality C. sabatra exhibits a reticulate sculpture pattern that can easily be distinguished from the aciculate head sculpture of C. mahery.

Distribution
Only known from four localities in Madagascar. Three localities (P.N. Zahamena, Andringitra and Andohahela) harbour mid-elevation to montane rainforest habitats, the fourth (R.S. Manombo) is home to a rare patch of littoral forest on the east coast. These forests are situated roughly between 250 km and 450 km away from each other along a trajectory of 700 km across the island. (Blaimer 2010)

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Malagasy Region: Madagascar.

Biology
Collections mostly comprise workers from beating samples and pitfall and malaise traps, and queens or males of C. mahery have not yet been collected. At R.S. Manombo, Fisher et al. collected workers nesting in dead twigs and branches and in rotten logs. In the Andringitra massif, I was fortunate to find a single colony of these ants nesting in three separate carton nests in a small, solitary tree in an open, riverine habitat. Dissection of the nests yielded only workers and brood, but no queen. This colony housed pseudococcids of an undescribed species of the genus Tylococcus (P.J. Gullan, pers. comm.), feeding inside the carton structure on the main branch around which the nest was constructed. (Blaimer 2010)

Morphology
Populations from P.N. Zahamena and R.S. Manombo possess strongly upwards curved and slightly shorter spines, whereas the P.N. Andringitra and P.N. Andohahela populations have straight, but therefore longer spines.

Castes
Known only from the worker caste.

Nomenclature

 * . Crematogaster mahery Blaimer, 2010: 22, figs. 35, 41 (w.) MADAGASCAR.
 * Type-material: holotype worker, 4 paratype workers.
 * Type-locality: holotype Madagascar: R.S. Manombo, -23.01580, 47.71900, 30 m., 21-22.iv.2006, BLF14050, ex dead twig above ground, littoral rainforest (B.L. Fisher, et al.); paratypes: 2 workers with same data but BLF14055, dead branch, 2 workers P.N. Andringitra, -22.22350, 47.01176, 780 m., 8-9.iii.2010, #228, carton nest, riparian rainforest edge (B.B. Blamer).
 * Type-depositories: CASC (holotype); MCZC, MHNG, SAMC, UCDC (paratypes).
 * Distribution: Madagascar.

Worker
Measurements (n=11) HW 1.09–1.21; HL 0.98–1.12; EL 0.24–0.28; SL 0.87–0.97; WL 1.18–1.32; SPL 0.23–0.41; PTH 0.22–0.26; PTL 0.32–0.38, PTW 0.30–0.39, PPL 0.21–0.28, PPW 0.28–0.37; LHT 0.99–1.07; CI 1.06–1.20; OI 0.23–0.29; SI 0.83–0.92, SPI 0.20–0.33; PTHI 0.64–0.76; PTWI 0.87–1.11; PPI 1.26–1.62; LBI 1.15–1.23.

Large to very large (HW 1.09–1.21, WL 1.18–1.32).

Masticatory margin of mandibles with 5 teeth; posterior margin of head straight, laterally subangular; antennal scapes surpassing posterior margin of head easily; midline of eyes situated at or above midline of head in full face view.

Pronotum laterally angular; promesonotal suture broadly impressed, usually complete and continuing laterally to mesopleural spiracle, thereby distinctly constricting mesonotum in relation to pronotum; outline of promesonotum more or less flat in lateral view; antero-medial portion of mesonotum from slightly to prominently raised in respect to pronotum, medially tuberculate; dorsal face of mesonotum medially flat, lateral portion broadly angular; mesonotum postero-laterally angular or tuberculate, and with a distinct posterior face; propodeal spines massive, medium to large (SPI 0.20–0.33), at least longer than width between their bases, evenly tapering, in lateral view from straight to strongly upwards curved, in dorsal view usually moderately to strongly diverging (>20°); petiole in dorsal view usually hexagonal, not lobed, lacking dorso-lateral carinae or tubercule; dorsum of petiole flat; subpetiolar process variable, articulated as round or angular antero-ventral tooth or close to absent.

Head sculpture aciculate; mesosoma with mesopleuron partly shiny, partly rugulose, and metapleuron carinulate to costulate; dorsal face of propodeum costulate, posterior face largely shiny; otherwise mesosoma including legs largely aciculate; dorsal face of petiole mostly shiny, laterally and ventrally coarsely reticulate; postpetiole dorsally feebly rugulose, ventrally reticulate; helcium carinulate; face with 4–6 erect setae; promesonotum with 2 erect humeral setae and sometimes 2 erect setae laterally present on mesonotum; petiole and postpetiole lacking erect pilosity.

Colour medium brown to black, if black then abdominal segment 4–7 sometimes of brown or ochre coloration.

Type Material
Holotype worker. MADAGASCAR: R.S. Manombo, -23.01580, 47.71900, 30m, 21-22.iv.2006, ex dead twig above ground, littoral rainforest, B.L.Fisher et al. #14050 (CASENT0071537, specimen image on antweb) (deposited in ).

Paratypes. 2w, R.S. Manombo, -23.01580, 47.71900, 30m, 21-22.iv.2006, ex dead branch above ground, littoral rainforest (B.L.Fisher et al. #14055: CASENT0193587 and CASENT0193588); 2w, P.N. Andringitra, -22.22350, 47.01176, 780m, 8-9.iii.2010, ex carton nest, riparian rainforest edge (B.B.Blaimer #228: CASENT0193558 and CASENT0193549) (deposited in, , , ).

Etymology
“Mahery” means “powerful” in Malagasy, refering to the large body size of workers of this species. The word “mahery” is used in this combination as a noun in apposition.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Blaimer B. B. 2010. Taxonomy and natural history of the Crematogaster (Decacrema)-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar. Zootaxa 2714: 1-39.
 * Blaimer B. B. 2012. Acrobat ants go global  Origin, evolution and systematics of the genus Crematogaster (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65: 421-436.