Cephalotes atratus

Distribution
This taxon was described from ""America meridionali"". It is found in Ecuador, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Argentina, Suriname, Paraguay, French Guiana, Guyana, Belize, Panama, Costa Rica and Trinidad and Tobago.

Nomenclature

 *  atratus. Formica atrata Linnaeus, 1758: 581 (w.) "AMERICA MERIDIONALI". Latreille, 1802c: 274 (q.); Spinola, 1851b: 47; Spinola, 1853: 63 (m.); Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1954b: 154 (l.). Combination in Cephalotes: Latreille, 1802a: 358; in Cryptocerus: Latreille, 1803: 280; in Cryptocerus (Cephalotes): Wheeler, W.M. 1916c: 12; in Cephalotes: Smith, M.R. 1949c: 19. Senior synonym of quadridens: Retzius, 1783: 76; Latreille, 1802c: 272; Kempf, 1951: 115; of dubitatus: Smith, F. 1858b: 188; of crassispina, nitidiventris, rufiventris and material of the unavailable name dehnowi referred here: Kempf, 1951: 115; of erectus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 112.
 * quadridens. Formica quadridens De Geer, 1773: 609, pl. 31, figs.17-20 (w.) SURINAM. Combination in Cephalotes: Santschi, 1919f: 44. Junior synonym of atratus: Retzius, 1783: 76; Latreille, 1802c: 272. Revived from synonymy: Santschi, 1919f: 44. Subspecies of atratus: Santschi, 1920f: 148; Forel, 1922: 97. Junior synonym of atratus: Kempf, 1951: 115.
 * dubitatus. Cryptocerus dubitatus Smith, F. 1853: 216, pl. 20, fig. 1 (m.) BRAZIL. Junior synonym of atratus: Smith, F. 1858b: 188.
 * rufiventris. Cryptocerus atratus ab. rufiventris Emery, 1894e: 4 (w.) ARGENTINA. Junior synonym of atratus: Kempf, 1951: 115.
 * crassispina. Cephalotes atratus st. crassispina Santschi, 1920f: 148 (w.) BRAZIL. Junior synonym of atratus: Kempf, 1951: 115.
 * nitidiventris. Cephalotes atratus var. nitidiventris Santschi, 1920f: 148 (w.) FRENCH GUIANA. Junior synonym of atratus: Kempf, 1951: 115.
 * erectus. Cephalotes atratus subsp. erectus Kempf, 1951: 124 (w.q.) PANAMA. [First available use of Cephalotes atratus st. quadridens var. erecta Santschi, 1920f: 149; unavailable name.] Junior synonym of atratus: De Andrade & Baroni Urbani, 1999: 112.

Additional References

 * De Andrade, M. L. & Baroni Urbani, C. 1999. Diversity and adaptation in the ant genus Cephalotes, past and present. Stuttg. Beitr. Naturk. Ser. B (Geol. Paläontol.) 271: 1-889.