Hylomyrma reginae

This species is recorded from tropical rainforests (in the Amazon and in Inselberg forests; primary and secondary forests) at elevations between 60 and 1051 m. Specimens are frequently found in leaf-litter samples, which suggests that nests are located in fallen logs, rotten wood, between leaves, or inside natural cavities of the superficial soil layers. Except for the presence of intercastes, there is no further information available regarding the biology of H. reginae. (Ulyssea & Brandao, 2021)

Identification
Regular to slightly irregular and longitudinal striae on head dorsum diverge towards posterior margin, interspaces between striae smooth; striae crest punctuated; striae on mesosoma assuming multiple directions, interspaces indistinguishable; pronotum posterior region, mesonotum, and metanotal groove region with semielliptical to V-shaped striae; dorsal margin of petiole continuous, convex; subtriangular projection on mesoventral surface of petiole; subpostpetiolar process well-developed, subtriangular; profemur and protibia entirely covered with striation; striation on tergum of first gastral segment restricted to base; sternite striation of first gastral segment covering the laterobasal region.

Hylomyrma reginae is unlikely to be confused with any other congener because of its very prominent and subtriangular subpostpetiolar process.

Two specimens collected in Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Guyana (USNMENT00688778, USNMENT00689009) were designated as intercaste because of the larger body measures [HL (1.16); HW (1.16–1.17); ML (0.76–0.78); SL (0.82–0.84); MOD (0.27–0.28); PNW (0.83–0.84); WL (1.64); PSL (0.34–0.35); PL (0.82–0.85); PW (0.36–0.38); PPL (0.36); PPW (0.40); GL (1.30); TL (6.04–6.09)], and for having one central and inconspicuous ocellus.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname.

Nomenclature

 * . Hylomyrma reginae Kutter, 1977a: 85, figs. 1-4 (w.) GUYANA.
 * Type-material: holotype worker, 2 paratype workers.
 * Type-locality: holotype Guyana: Morabukea, vi.1964 (R.M. Watson); paratypes with same data.
 * Type-depositories: BMNH(holotype); BMNH, NHMB (paratypes).
 * Ulysséa & Brandão, 2021: 99 (q.).
 * Status as species: Brandão, 1991: 346; Bolton, 1995b: 213; Pierce, M.P., Branstetter, et al. 2017: 137; Ulysséa & Brandão, 2021: 96 (redescription).
 * Distribution: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname.

Type Material

 * Holotype: GUYANA: Morabukea, vi.1964, R.M. Watson, RM1964-125, PF4,3 (1W) (CASENT0900392 BMNH(E)1013786) [BMNH] [examined by image, Ulyssea & Brandao (2021)].
 * Paratypes: same data as holotype (1W) [BMNH] [examined]; (2W) [NHMB] [examined by Ulyssea & Brandao (2021)].

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Fernández, F. and S. Sendoya. 2004. Lista de las hormigas neotropicales. Biota Colombiana Volume 5, Number 1.
 * Franco W., N. Ladino, J. H. C. Delabie, A. Dejean, J. Orivel, M. Fichaux, S. Groc, M. Leponce, and R. M. Feitosa. 2019. First checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of French Guiana. Zootaxa 4674(5): 509-543.
 * Groc S., J. H. C. Delabie, F. Fernandez, F. Petitclerc, B. Corbara, M. Leponce, R. Cereghino, and A. Dejean. 2017. Litter-dwelling ants as bioindicators to gauge the sustainability of small arboreal monocultures embedded in the Amazonian rainforest. Ecological Indicators 82: 43-49.
 * Groc S., J. H. C. Delabie, F. Fernandez, M. Leponce, J. Orivel, R. Silvestre, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, and A. Dejean. 2013. Leaf-litter ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a pristine Guianese rainforest: stable functional structure versus high species turnover. Myrmecological News 19: 43-51.
 * Groc S., J. Orivel, A. Dejean, J. Martin, M. Etienne, B. Corbara, and J. H. C. Delabie. 2009. Baseline study of the leaf-litter ant fauna in a French Guianese forest. Insect Conservation and Diversity 2: 183-193.
 * Pierce M. P., M. G. Branstetter, and J. T. Longino. 2017 . Integrative taxonomy reveals multiple cryptic species within Central American Hylomyrma FOREL, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecological News 25: 131-143.
 * Pires de Prado L., R. M. Feitosa, S. Pinzon Triana, J. A. Munoz Gutierrez, G. X. Rousseau, R. Alves Silva, G. M. Siqueira, C. L. Caldas dos Santos, F. Veras Silva, T. Sanches Ranzani da Silva, A. Casadei-Ferreira, R. Rosa da Silva, and J. Andrade-Silva. 2019. An overview of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the state of Maranhao, Brazil. Pap. Avulsos Zool. 59: e20195938.