Pheidole prostrata

According to Longino (1997), prostrata nests in the low arboreal zone, within a few meters of the ground, in mature wet forest. It apparently does not forage onto the ground. (Wilson 2003)

Identification
See the description in the nomenclature section.

Distribution
Atlantic lowlands of Costa Rica (J. T. Longino 1997).

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Costa Rica, Panama.

Worker
Minor

Nomenclature

 *  prostrata. Pheidole prostrata Wilson, 2003: 217, figs. (s.w.) COSTA RICA.

Description
Major: varicolored, with bicolorous head; dorsolateral areas of head anterior to the occiput weakly rugoreticulate, withthe dorsal head surface between the rugoreticular patches longitudinally carinulate; dorsal pilosity of body dense, long, and erect; propodeal spine long and thin.

Minor: mesonotal convexity and postpetiolar node in side view flattened; dorsal pilosity of head and mesosoma sparse, long, and erect.

Similar to Pheidole aculifera (in the fallax group), whose major has a rugoreticulum mesad to the eyes but not just anterior to occiput, with the posterior half of the head foveolate only, and neither carinulate nor foveolate as in prostrata. The propodeal spiracle is very small in the major compared to that of aculifera.

See also the less similar Pheidole boruca, Pheidole variegata (= Pheidole pubiventris) and Pheidole violacea.

MEASUREMENTS (mm) Holotype major: HW 1.12, HL 1.12, SL 0.80, EL 0.16, PW 0.48. Paratype minor: HW 0.48, HL 0.64, SL 0.82, EL 0.14, PW 0.32.

COLOR Major: head bicolorous, with clypeus and capsule posterior to anterior margins of eyes light brown, and rest of capsule brownish yellow; gaster and waist light brown; mesosoma brownish yellow; legs yellow.

Minor: head posterior to eyes, as well as postpetiole and gaster, light brown; mesosoma, anterior margin of head capsule, and petiole brownish yellow; appendages yellow.



'''Figure. Upper: holotype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. Scale bars = 1 mm.'''

Type Material
COSTA RICA: La Selva Biological Station, near Puerto Viejo, Heredia, col. Leeanne E. Tennant-Alonso.

Etymology
L prostrata, low, flattened, alluding to the low mesonotal convexity and postpetiolar node of the minor in side view.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Fernández, F. and S. Sendoya. 2004. Lista de las hormigas neotropicales. Biota Colombiana Volume 5, Number 1.
 * Gomez V. E. S., and G. Z. González. 2007. Catalogo de Las Hormigas Presentes en El Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad del Cauca. Popayán : 1-58.
 * LaPolla, J.S. and S.P. Cover. 2005. New species of Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Guyana, with a list of species known from the country. Tranactions of the American Entomological Society 131(3-4):365-374
 * Lapolla, J. S., and S. P. Cover. "New species of Pheidole (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) from Guyana, with a list of species known from the country." Transactions of the American Entomological Society 131, no. 3-4 (2005): 365-374.
 * Lapolla, J.S., T. Suman, J. Soso-Calvo and T.R. Schultz. 2006. Leaf litter ant diversity in Guyana. Biodiversity and Conservation 16:491510
 * Longino J. T. L., and M. G. Branstetter. 2018. The truncated bell: an enigmatic but pervasive elevational diversity pattern in Middle American ants. Ecography 41: 1-12.
 * Longino J. T., and R. K. Colwell. 2011. Density compensation, species composition, and richness of ants on a neotropical elevational gradient. Ecosphere 2(3): 16pp.
 * Longino J. et al. ADMAC project. Accessed on March 24th 2017 at https://sites.google.com/site/admacsite/