Camponotus turkestanicus

Pashaei Rad et al. (2018) found this species in Iran on garden soil in a very low rainfall area.

Distribution
Records of this species from Jordan are most likely based on misidentification, as C. turkestanicus has a more eastern distribution (eastern part of European Russia, Iran and Central Asia). It is also possible that it has been confused with Camponotus turkestanus, a species known from Iran, Israel, Lebanon and several countries of Central Asia, as although C. turkestanus and C. turkestanicus are distinct species, they are commonly confused, probably due to their similar names. Thus, the occurrence of both C. turkestanus and C. turkestanicus in Jordan needs confirmation (Borowiec & Salata, 2020).

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Palaearctic Region: Afghanistan, China, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation, Turkmenistan.

Nomenclature

 * . Camponotus sylvaticus st. turkestanicus Emery, 1887a: 212 (footnote) (w.) TURKESTAN.
 * [Misspelled as turcestanicus by Dlussky, 1981a: 17.]
 * Ruzsky, 1905b: 203 (q.m.); Emery, 1908a: 203 (s.w.q.m.).
 * Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 95.
 * Subspecies of maculatus: Emery, in Dalla Torre, 1893: 241 (footnote); Emery, 1896d: 370 (in list); Ruzsky, 1902c: 3; Ruzsky, 1905b: 202; Emery, 1908a: 203; Karavaiev, 1910a: 268; Karavaiev, 1910b: 11; Forel, 1911e: 290; Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1916: 174; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1923: 240; Ruzsky, 1923: 2; Karavaiev, 1926e: 191.
 * Status as species: Emery, 1920c: 8, 12 (in key); Emery, 1925b: 95; Collingwood, 1961a: 74; Collingwood, 1961b: 289; Pisarski, 1967: 411; Pisarski, 1970: 321; Tarbinsky, 1976: 158 (redescription); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551; Dlussky, 1981a: 17; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 131; Bolton, 1995b: 128; Radchenko, 1996b: 1201 (in key); Radchenko, 1997d: 810; Collingwood & Heatwole, 2000: 12; Schultz, R. et al. 2006: 205; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 132; Paknia, et al. 2008: 153; Ran & Zhou, 2011: 70; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 30; Borowiec, L. 2014: 44.
 * Senior synonym of attila: Radchenko, 1996b: 1201 (in key); Radchenko, 1997d: 810.
 * Senior synonym of kaschgariensis: Forel, 1904b: 378; Ruzsky, 1905b: 202; Emery, 1925b: 95; Pisarski, 1967: 411; Pisarski, 1970: 321; Tarbinsky, 1976: 158; Bolton, 1995b: 128; Radchenko, 1997d: 810.
 * attila. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) attila Stärcke, 1935: 264, fig. 3 (s.) CHINA (Xinjiang).
 * Status as species: Chapman & Capco, 1951: 253; Bolton, 1995b: 87.
 * Junior synonym of turkestanicus: Radchenko, 1996b: 1201 (in key); Radchenko, 1997d: 810.
 * kaschgariensis. Camponotus maculatus r. kaschgariensis Forel, 1901h: 67 (s.w.q.) CHINA (Xinjiang).
 * Junior synonym of turkestanicus: Forel, 1904b: 378; Ruzsky, 1905b: 202; Emery, 1925b: 95; Pisarski, 1967: 411; Pisarski, 1970: 321; Tarbinsky, 1976: 158; Bolton, 1995b: 106; Radchenko, 1997d: 810.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Borowiec L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
 * Collingwood C., and H. Heatwole. 2000. Ants from Northwestern China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Psyche 103 (1-2): 1-24.
 * Dlussky G. M., O. S. Soyunov, and S. I. Zabelin. 1990. Ants of Turkmenistan. Ashkabad: Ylym Press, 273 pp.
 * Emery, C.. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der palaearktischen Ameisen." Öfversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar (Helsinki) 20 (1898): 124-151.
 * Forel A. 1901. Formiciden des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Neue Calyptomyrmex-, Dacryon-, Podomyrma- und Echinopla-Arten. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 18: 43-82.
 * Gratiashvili N., Barjadze S. 2008. Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology (Tbilisi) 23: 130-146.
 * Gulzar A. 2014. Classification and Distribution of ants in Kashgar, Xinjiang. Master's Thesis Shaanxi Normal University, 75 pages.
 * Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
 * Karavaiev V. 1926. Beiträge zur Ameisenfauna des Kaukasus, nebst einigen Bemerkungen über andere palaearktische Formen. (Schluss). Konowia 5: 187-199.
 * Mokrousov M. V., and V.A. Zryanin. 2015. Materials on the early spring wasps and ants fauna of Uzbekistan (Hymenoptera: Vespomorpha: Chrysidoidea, Scolioidea, Pompiloidea, Vespoidea, Apoidea [Spheciformes], Formicoidea). Entomological research Russia and its neighboring regions 5: 36–48.
 * Mortazavi Z. S., H. Sadeghi, N. Aktac, L. Depa, L. Fekrat. 2015. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their aphid partners (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Mashhad region, Razavi Khorasan Province, with new records of aphids and ant species for fauna of Iran. Halteres 6:4-12.
 * Paknia O., A. Radchenko, H. Alipanah, and M. Pfeiffer. 2008. A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran. Myrmecological News 11: 151-159.
 * Pashaei Rad S., B. Taylor, R. Torabi, E. Aram, G. Abolfathi, R. Afshari, F. Borjali, M. Ghatei, F. Hediary, F. Jazini, V. Heidary Kiah, Z. Mahmoudi, F. Safariyan, and M. Seiri. 2018. Further records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 64(2): 145-159.
 * Ran H., and S. Y. Zhou. 2011. Checklist of Chinese Ants: the Formicomorph Subfamilies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (I). Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science Edition. 29(3): 65-73.
 * Reznikova Z. I. 2003. Distribution patterns of ants in different natural zones and landscapes in Kazakhstan and West Siberia along a meridian trend. Euroasian Entomological Journal 2(4): 235-342.
 * Ruzsky, M. 1923. Ants of Cheleken Island. Izv. Tomsk. Gos. Univ. 72(2nd p part: 1-6
 * Schultz, R., A. G. Radchenko, and B. Seifert. "A critical checklist of the ants of Kyrgyzstan (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Myrmecologische Nachrichten 8 (2006): 201-207.
 * Siberian Zoological Museum. Website available at http://szmn.sbras.ru/old/Hymenop/Formicid.htm. Accessed on January 27th 2014.