Camponotus aethiops

This is a common European species distributed from Germany to Italy and from Spain to southern Russia. It can also be found in north-west Africa, Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Near East, Iran, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan (Radchenko 1997c). It inhabits xerotherm grasslands and shrub areas, especially in Mediterranean habitats. Nests are built in the soil. (Marko et al., 2009; Rigato & Toni, 2011). Pashaei Rad et al. (2018) found this species in Iran on a plant and the ground in a moderate to low rainfall area.

Identification
Ionescu-Hirsch (2009) - C. aethiops is a member of the subgenus Tanaemyrmex, recognized by its small size, the head with erect setae on the genae and ventral surface, the tibiae slightly compressed laterally and without a dorsomedial ridge, covered only with apressed pubescence in addition to a ventral row of bristles, and its black to reddish-black body. Major workers have matte head and mesosoma dorsum.

Several varieties of C. aethiops were described based on color, shape of the propodeum, and strength of their sculpture (see Emery, 1908). The Israeli specimens show a variability in these features that encompasses all Eastern Mediterranean forms of C. aethiops, although these features are not “correlated”, as stated in the original description. Workers in one series are similar to syntypes of var. concava Forel (Kugler, personal communication) because of their distinctly concave propodeal dorsum in lateral view and black body with reddish legs. However, in other series, the propodeal shape and color differ: the propodeal dorsum in lateral view varies from distinctly concave to straight, and the body color varies from completely black, to partly black with head and mesosoma dark brown; while the legs range from black to ferruginous-brown or brownish-yellow.

Distribution
Ionescu-Hirsch (2009) - Western Palaearctic, from Germany to Kazakhstan, and the western Mediterranean through southern Europe and Asia Minor to Afghanistan (Radchenko, 1997b) and Israel.

Borowiec & Salata (2020): Although Camponotus aethiops was recorded from Israel, its occurrence in Jordan needs confirmation. Recent studies on the Camponotus aethiops group in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Basin showed that this taxon is a group of at least two cryptic species: true C. aethiops and Camponotus oertzeni. Our studies on Balkan populations indicate that C. oertzeni is a more thermophilic than C. aethiops and is much more common in arid habitats. Thus, materials of C. aethiops complex from the Middle East should be revised.

This is a common species, recorded from all Greek provinces (Borowiec et al., 2022).

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Afrotropical Region: Saudi Arabia. Palaearctic Region: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Balearic Islands, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Iberian Peninsula, Iran, Israel, Italy, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal, Republic of Macedonia, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine.

Other Insects

 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).
 * This ant has been associated with the butterfly (Obregon et al. 2015).

Mites

 * Da Silva et al. (2017) - The mite Petalomium gottrauxi

Nomenclature

 * . Formica aethiops Latreille, 1798: 35 (w.q.m.) FRANCE.
 * Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1861: 36 (in key);
 * combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1914a: 266;
 * combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 97.
 * Subspecies of sylvaticus: Forel, 1874: 38 (in key); Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Forel, 1879a: 64; Mayr, 1880: 22; Emery, 1881b: 526; André, 1882a: 146; Forel, 1886e: clxvii; Nasonov, 1889: 11.
 * Subspecies of rubripes: Forel, 1886f: 143; Emery, 1887a: 212 (footnote); Forel, 1889: 263.
 * Subspecies of maculatus: Forel, 1892i: 306; Emery, 1894j: 9; Ruzsky, 1896: 68; Emery, 1896d: 371 (in list); Ruzsky, 1902d: 6; Forel, 1904b: 378; Forel, 1904c: 29; Ruzsky, 1905b: 209; Emery, 1905d: 36; Forel, 1906c: 189; Forel, 1907e: 16; Emery, 1908a: 199; Emery, 1908d: 24; Forel, 1909c: 105; Bondroit, 1910: 487; Forel, 1910a: 23; Forel, 1911d: 359; Krausse, 1912b: 166; Forel, 1914a: 266; Stitz, 1914: 96; Emery, 1914d: 159; Emery, 1915h: 2; Forel, 1915d: 70 (in key); Emery, 1916b: 224; Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1916: 174; Escherich, 1917: 330 (in key); Menozzi, 1918: 87; Santschi, 1919e: 247; Soudek, 1922: 92; Finzi, 1923: 4; Finzi, 1924a: 14; Karavaiev, 1926e: 190; Donisthorpe, 1926b: 17; Karavaiev, 1927a: 294; Karavaiev, 1927c: 276 (in key); Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929b: 36.
 * Status as species: Latreille, 1802c: 101; Jurine, 1807: 272; Latreille, 1817d: 97; Losana, 1834: 312; Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 212; Schenck, 1852: 124; Mayr, 1855: 313 (redescription); Nylander, 1856b: 54; Gredler, 1858: 4; Smith, F. 1858b: 9; Dumeril, 1860: 929; Mayr, 1861: 36 (in key); Mayr, 1863: 397; Roger, 1863b: 1; Emery, 1869b: 2; Dours, 1873: 164; André, 1874: 177 (in key); Mayr, 1877: 20 (in list); Emery, 1878a: viii (in list); Emery, 1878b: 44; Dalla Torre, 1893: 220; Forel, 1895d: 227; Emery, 1898c: 125; Forel, 1904f: 425; Bondroit, 1918: 72; Emery, 1920b: 255; Emery, 1920c: 7, 11 (in key); Santschi, 1921a: 116; Menozzi, 1922b: 331; Müller, 1923b: 154; Emery, 1925b: 97; Schkaff, 1925: 275; Santschi, 1926f: 288; Donisthorpe, 1927a: 8; Finzi, 1930d: 317; Cori & Finzi, 1931: 240; Santschi, 1931a: 11; Soudek, 1931: 19; Santschi, 1932c: 71; Santschi, 1932g: 4; Arnol'di, 1933b: 602 (in key); Finzi, 1933: 165; Grandi, 1935: 102; Karavaiev, 1935b: 108; Zimmermann, 1935: 56; Menozzi, 1936d: 300; Karavaiev, 1936: 185 (redescription); Stitz, 1939: 248; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 110 (in key); Röszler, 1942a: 54; Arnol'di, 1948: 212 (in list); Donisthorpe, 1950e: 1066; Röszler, 1951: 91; Consani & Zangheri, 1952: 43; Ceballos, 1956: 311; Bernard, 1959: 350; Pisarski, 1961a: 164; Baroni Urbani, 1964a: 7; Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 59; Baroni Urbani, 1964c: 160; Bernard, 1967: 336 (redescription); Arnol’di, 1967: 1829; Kutter, 1968a: 60; Baroni Urbani, 1969a: 334; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 82; Pisarski, 1970: 322; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181; Collingwood, 1971: 164; Baroni Urbani, 1974: 237; Pisarski, 1975: 31; Aktaç, 1977: 125; Kutter, 1977c: 206; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 551; Collingwood, 1978: 91 (in key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 284 (in key); Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Le Moli & Rosi, 1991: 35; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 217; Collingwood, 1993b: 195; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Poldi, et al. 1995: 7; Radchenko, 1996b: 1201 (in key); Espadaler, 1997b: 27; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 24 (in key); Gallé, et al. 1998: 216; Karaman, M.G. & Karaman, 2003: 46; Csösz, & Markó, 2005: 227; Bračko, 2006: 144; Markó, Sipos, et al. 2006: 66; Petrov, 2006: 109 (in key); Bračko, 2007: 19; Seifert, 2007: 268; Werner & Wiezik, 2007: 143; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Paknia, et al. 2008: 153; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowsky, 2009: 479; Vonshak, et al. 2009: 38; Ionescu-Hirsch, 2010: 62; Lapeva-Gjonova, et al. 2010: 41; Csösz, et al. 2011: 58; Karaman, C. et al. 2011: 189; Karaman, M.G. 2011b: 67; Legakis, 2011: 28; Ran & Zhou, 2011: 66; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2012: 471; Guénard & Dunn, 2012: 27; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 5; Karaman, C. & Aktaç, 2013: 53 (in key); Borowiec, L. 2014: 25 (see note in bibliography); Bračko, et al. 2014: 18; Lebas, et al. 2016: 146; Radchenko, 2016: 336; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2018: 4; Salata & Borowiec, 2018c: 43; Seifert, 2018: 265.
 * Senior synonym of angustata: Emery, 1908a: 199; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowsky, 2009: 479; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of concava: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 93; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Karaman, M.G. 2011b: 67; Legakis, 2011: 29; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of glaber: Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 337.
 * Senior synonym of hyalinipennis: Emery, 1914e: 2; Emery, 1915a: 250; Emery, 1916b: 224; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of marginata: Pisarski, 1975: 31; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowsky, 2009: 479; Csösz, et al. 2011: 58; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of nigrata: Mayr, 1855: 313; Nylander, 1856b: 54; Smith, F. 1858b: 10; Mayr, 1861: 77; Mayr, 1863: 398; Roger, 1863b: 1; Dours, 1873: 164; André, 1874: 201 (in list); Forel, 1874: 96 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Dalla Torre, 1893: 220; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Radchenko, 2007: 38; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of sylvaticoaethiops: Pisarski, 1961a: 164; Pisarski, 1975: 31; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 84; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Senior synonym of sylvaticoides: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 84; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus cachmiriensis, escherichi.
 * angustata. Formica angustata Latreille, 1798: 34 (w.m.) FRANCE.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1896d: 371 (in list).
 * Subspecies of kiesenwetteri: Forel, 1889: 261.
 * Subspecies of aethiops: Latreille, 1802c: 102 (in text); Dalla Torre, 1893: 221.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Emery, 1908a: 199; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Bolton, 1995b: 85; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowsky, 2009: 479; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * concava. Camponotus aethiops var. concava Dalla Torre, 1893: 221.
 * [First available use of Camponotus rubripes r. aethiops var. concavus Forel, 1889: 263 (s.w.) GREECE; unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
 * Finzi, 1930d: 317 (q.); Menozzi, 1936d: 301 (l.).
 * Combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 97.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Forel, 1892i: 306; Emery, 1894j: 9; Emery, 1896d: 371 (in list); Emery 1897f: 239; Emery, 1901e: 57; Ruzsky, 1902d: 6; Forel, 1904b: 378 Ruzsky, 1905b: 212; Emery, 1908a: 200; Emery, 1915h: 2; Wheeler, W.M. & Mann, 1916: 174; Emery, 1920c: 7; Karavaiev, 1926e: 190; Karavaiev, 1927a: 294.
 * Subspecies of aethiops: Ruzsky, 1902d: 6; Emery, 1925b: 97; Finzi, 1928c: 791; Finzi, 1930d: 317; Menozzi, 1933b: 82 (in key); Zimmermann, 1935: 57; Menozzi, 1936d: 300; Finzi, 1939c: 158; Arnol'di, 1967: 1829; Pisarski, 1970: 322.
 * Status as species: Kugler, J. 1988: 259; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2012: 474; Tohmé, G. & Tohmé, 2014: 138.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 93; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Legakis, 2011: 29; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * glaber. Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) aethiops var. glaber Emery, 1925b: 97.
 * [First available use of Camponotus maculatus subsp. aethiops var. glaber Ruzsky, 1905b: 213 (w.) GEORGIA, RUSSIA (Daghestan); unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1908a: 200; Emery, 1920c: 7.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 102; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 337.
 * hyalinipennis. Camponotus marginatus var. hyalinipennis Costa, 1884: 56 (q.) ITALY (Sardinia).
 * [Misspelled as hyalipennis by Karavaiev, 1936: 185, Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181.]
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1896d: 373 (in list).
 * Subspecies of marginata: Dalla Torre, 1893: 242.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Emery, 1914e: 2; Emery, 1915a: 250; Emery, 1916b: 224; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181; Bolton, 1995b: 104; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * marginata. Formica marginata Latreille, 1798: 35 (w.q.) FRANCE.
 * Mayr, 1855: 316 (m.).
 * Combination in Camponotus: Mayr, 1861: 36 (in key);
 * combination in C. (Myrmoturba): Forel, 1915d: 70;
 * combination in C. (Tanaemyrmex): Emery, 1925b: 97.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Forel, 1906c: 189; Emery, 1908a: 199; Forel, 1915d: 70 (in key); Emery, 1916b: 225; Emery, 1920c: 7; Soudek, 1922: 93; Soudek, 1925b: 16; Karavaiev, 1926e: 190; Karavaiev, 1927a: 294.
 * Status as species: Latreille, 1802c: 103; Losana, 1834: 313; Schenck, 1852: 125; Mayr, 1855: 314 (redescription); Nylander, 1856b: 54; Gredler, 1858: 4; Smith, F. 1858b: 11; Roger, 1859: 227; Mayr, 1861: 36 (in key); Roger, 1862c: 292; Mayr, 1863: 400; Roger, 1863b: 1; André, 1874: 176 (in key), 201 (second entry in list); Forel, 1874: 40 (in key); Mayr, 1877: 4; Emery, 1878b: 44; Mayr, 1879: 645; Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Forel, 1879a: 82; Mayr, 1880: 24; André, 1882a: 140 (in key); Mayr, 1886d: 423; Forel, 1886f: 142; Cresson, 1887: 255; Provancher, 1887: 230 (in key); Nasonov, 1889: 10; Forel, 1892i: 306; Dalla Torre, 1893: 242; Emery, 1893i: 675; Pergande, 1893: 28; Ruzsky, 1895: 9; Ruzsky, 1896: 68; Emery, 1896d: 373 (in list); Emery, 1898a: 226; Emery, 1898c: 150; Ruzsky, 1902d: 7; Bingham, 1903: 369; Ruzsky, 1905b: 244; Wheeler, W.M. 1906b: 24; Bondroit, 1910: 487; Karavaiev, 1912b: 596; Gösswald, 1932: 26; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 253; Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 60; Baroni Urbani, 1964c: 161; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 82; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 184; Le Moli & Rosi, 1991: 35 (error); Poldi, et al. 1995: 7 (error); Gallé, et al. 1998: 216 (error); Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 83 (error).
 * Subspecies of aethiops: Bondroit, 1918: 73; Emery, 1921b: 208; Emery, 1925b: 97; Menozzi, 1925d: 35; Santschi, 1926f: 288; Finzi, 1928c: 791; Soudek, 1931: 19; Grandi, 1935: 102; Zimmermann, 1935: 57; Stitz, 1939: 251; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 110 (in key); Ceballos, 1956: 311.
 * Junior synonym of sylvaticus: Mayr, 1863: 401; Mayr, 1865: 27; André, 1874: 201 (first entry in list).
 * Junior synonym of fallax: Arnol'di, 1933b: 601 (in key).
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Pisarski, 1975: 31; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Arakelian, 1994: 83; Bolton, 1995b: 110; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowsky, 2009: 479; Csösz, et al. 2011: 58; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * nigrata. Formica nigrata Nylander, 1849: 35 (w.q.m.) ITALY (Sicily), RUSSIA (no state data, “Rossia meridionali”).
 * Status as species: Smith, F. 1858b: 10.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Mayr, 1855: 313; Nylander, 1856b: 54; Smith, F. 1858b: 10; Mayr, 1861: 77; Mayr, 1863: 398; Roger, 1863b: 1; Dours, 1873: 164; André, 1874: 201 (in list); Forel, 1874: 96 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Dalla Torre, 1893: 220; Emery, 1925b: 97; Karavaiev, 1936: 185; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 181; Bolton, 1995b: 113; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Radchenko, 2007: 38; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * sylvaticoaethiops. Camponotus sylvaticus var. sylvaticoaethiops Forel, 1874: 39 (w.q.m.) SWITZERLAND.
 * [Misspelled as silvaticoaethiops by Dalla Torre, 1893: 221.]
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery & Forel, 1879: 448; Forel, 1879a: 62; André, 1882a: 145; Forel, 1886f: 143, 150; Emery, 1896d: 371 (in list); Ruzsky, 1902d: 6; Ruzsky, 1905b: 212.
 * Subspecies of aethiops: Dalla Torre, 1893: 221; Emery, 1925b: 97 (error).
 * Junior synonym of marginata: Forel, 1915d: 70 (in key) ; Karmaly & Narendran, 2006: 83 (error).
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Pisarski, 1961a: 164; Pisarski, 1975: 31; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 84; Bolton, 1995b: 84; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 336.
 * sylvaticoides. Camponotus aethiops var. silvaticoides Dalla Torre, 1893: 221.
 * [First available use of Camponotus maculatus r. aethiops var. sylvaticoides Forel, 1892i: 306 (s.w.) BULGARIA; unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1896d: 371 (in list); Ruzsky, 1902d: 7; Ruzsky, 1905b: 212.
 * Subspecies of aethiops: Müller, 1923b: 156; Emery, 1925b: 97; Zimmermann, 1935: 57.
 * Junior synonym of aethiops: Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 58; Dlussky, Soyunov & Zabelin, 1990: 128; Arakelian, 1994: 84; Bolton, 1995b: 126; Radchenko, 1997d: 806; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 131; Radchenko, 2016: 336.

Worker
Ionescu-Hirsch (2009) - TL = 4.9–9.5, HL = 1.15–2.54, HW = 0.86–2.50, EL = 0.35–0.51, SL = 1.29–2.19, ML = 1.76–3.16, MW = 0.74–1.56, mTbL = 1.09–1.84, hTbL = 1.43–2.50 (n = 40).

Determination Clarifications
The species from Lebanon that was formerly identified as Camponotus concavus Forel (junior synonym of C. aethiops in Bolton et al., 2006) by Tohmé (1969a) was reidentified as Camponotus sannini by Tohmé and Tohmé (1999).

Radchencko (1997) - Reports of finding C. marginatus Latreille 1798 (junior synonym of C. aethiops) in the Himalayas (Bingham 1903) refer to Camponotus himalayanus.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Acosta, F. J., M. D. Martínez Ibáñez, and M. A. Morales. "Contribución al conocimiento de la mirmecofauna del encinar peninsular. I." Boletín de la Asociación Española de Entomología 6 (2) (1983): 379-391.
 * Agosti, D. and C.A. Collingwood. 1987. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) and a key to the worker caste. I. Synonymic list. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 60: 51-62
 * Aktaç, N. "Studies on the myrmecofauna of Turkey I. Ants of Siirt, Bodrum and Trabzon." Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi. Seri B 41 (1977): 115-135.
 * Aldawood AS, Sharaf MR (2011) Monomorium dryhimi sp. n., a new ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the M. monomorium group from Saudi Arabia, with a key to the Arabian Monomorium monomorium-group. ZooKeys 106: 4754. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.106.139
 * Alonso de Medina, E., and X. Espadaler. "Nota sobre la entomofauna de la Sierra de Prades (Tarragona) (Formícidos)." Publicaciones del Departamento de Zoologia (Barcelona) 7 (1981): 67-71.
 * Andoni V. 1977. Kontribut mbi Himenopteret e familjes Formicidae te vendit tone. Buletini I Shkencave te Natyres 31(2): 93-101.
 * AntArea. Accessed on February 5th 2014 at http://antarea.fr/fourmi/
 * Antarea (Personal Communication - Rumsais Blatrix- 27 April 2018)
 * Antarea (at www.antarea.fr on June 11th 2017)
 * Antonova V., and L. Penev. 2008. Classification of assemblages of ants in the green areas in Sofia City. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 60(2): 103-110.
 * Arnan, X., A. Rodrigo and J. Retana. 2006. Post-fire recovery of Mediterranean ground ant communities follows vegetation and dryness gradients. Journal of Biogeography 33(7):1246-1258
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2011. List of species collected during the Taxomara Lisboa 2011. Iberomyrmex 3: 30-31.
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2012. List of species collected during the Taxomara Tres Cantos 2012. Iberomyrmex 4: 17-18.
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2015. List of species collected during the Taxomara Lisboa 2015 Iberomyrmex 7: 44-45.
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2016. List of species collected during the Taxomara Murcia 2016. Iberomyrmex 8: 48-49.
 * Azcarate F. M., and B. Peco. 2012. Abandonment of grazing in a mediterranean grassland area: consequences for ant assemblages. Insect Conservation and Diversity 5: 279288.
 * Baroni Urbani C. 1968. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. V. Aspetti ecologici della Riviera del M. Cònero. Boll. Zool. 35: 39-76.
 * Baroni Urbani C. 1969. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. VIII. L'Isola di Giannutri ed alcuni scogli minori dell'arcipelago Toscano. Atti Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat. Mem. Ser. B 75: 325-338.
 * Baroni Urbani C. 1974. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. XII. Le Isole Pontine. Fragm. Entomol. 9: 225-252.
 * Baroni Urbani, C. "Formiche dell'Italia appenninica (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia, III)." Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 12 (1964): 149-172.
 * Baroni Urbani, C. "Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. II. Formiche di Sicilia." Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali in Catania (6) 16 (1964): 25-66.
 * Baroni Urbani, C. "Su alcune formiche raccolte in Turchia." Annuario dell'Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell'Università di Napoli 16 (1964): 1-12.
 * Barrett K. E. J. 1970. Ants in France, 1968-69. Entomologist 103: 270-274.
 * Bernadou A., V. Fourcassié, and X. Espadaler. 2013. A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Andorra. Zookeys 277: 13-23.
 * Bernard F. 1959. Les fourmis de l'île de Port-Cros. Contribution à l'écologie des anciennes forêts méditerranéennes. Vie Milieu 9: 340-360.
 * Bernard F. 1960. Fourmis récoltées en Corse par J. Bonfils (1957). Compte Rendu Sommaire des Séances de la Société de Biogéographie 36: 108-114.
 * Bernard F. 1967. Faune de l'Europe et du Bassin Méditerranéen. 3. Les fourmis (Hymenoptera Formicidae) d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale. Paris: Masson, 411 pp.
 * Bernard F. 1967. Recherches sur les fourmis des Monts-Dore. Annales de la Station biologique de Besse-en-Chandesse : 1-11.
 * Bernard F. 1973. Tendances calcicoles ou silicicoles chez les fourmis méditerranéennes. Pp. 16-21 in: International Union for the Study of Social Insects. Congress 1973. Proceedings IUSSI VIIth International Congress, London, 10-15 September, 1973. Southampton: University of Southampton, vi + 418 pp.
 * Bernard F. 1975. Rapports entre fourmis et vegetation pres des Gorges du Verdon. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice 2: 57-79.
 * Bernard F. 1976. Écologie des fourmis des grès d'Annot, comparées à celles de la Provence calcaire. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice 3: 33-54.
 * Bernard, F. "Notes sur les fourmis de France. II. Peuplement des montagnes méridionales." Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 115 (1950): 1-36.
 * Berville L., C. Santelli, J. Reybaud, M. Renucci, P. Ponel, O. Blight, and E. Provost. 2014. Suivi d’un site atelier dans le golfe de Fos: Une diversite myrmecologique insoupconne. Etudes Vauclusiennes 82: 71-78.
 * Berville L., M. Renucci, P. Vidal, and E. Provost. 2016. Peuplement myrmecologique et evaluation de l'invasion de Linepithema humile sur les iles de Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhone, France). Revue d'Ecologie (Terre et Vie) 71(3): 278-287.
 * Berville L., M. Renucci, and E. Provost. 2012. Mise en place de protocoles de contrôle de la fourmi dArgentine (Linepithema humile) sur les îles de Port-Cros et de Porquerolles (Var, France). Sci. Rep. Port-Cros natl. Park, 26: 91-108.
 * Bezdecka P. 1996. The ants of Slovakia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomofauna carpathica 8: 108-114.
 * Bezdecka P., and K. Bezdeckova. 2012. Updated list of the ants of the Czech Republic. Pp 7-12. Bezd??ka P. & Bezd??ková K. (eds) 2012: Blanok?ídlí v ?eských zemích a na Slovensku 8, Chaloupky, 1.-3. ?ervna 2012, sborník abstrakt? z konference.  MVJ Jihlava, 37 pp.
 * Blatrix R., C. Lebas, C. Galkowski, P. Wegnez, P. Pimenta, and D. Morichon. 2016. Vegetation cover and elevation drive diversity and composition of ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in a Mediterranean ecosystem. – Myrmecological News 22: 119-127.
 * Blatrix R., P. Wednez, T. Colin, and C. Galkowski. 2017. Neuf nouvelles espèces de fourmis pour la Corse (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Revue de l’Association Roussillonnaise d’Entomologie 26(2): 60-64.
 * Bonaric J. C. 1971. Contribution a l'etude systematique et ecologique des formicides du Bas-Languedoc. PhD thesis Universite des sciences et techniques du Languedoc, 175 pages.
 * Bonaric J. C. 1971. Étude systématique et ecologique des fourmis de lHérault (fin). Ann. Soc. Hortic. Hist. Nat. Hérault 111: 169-176.
 * Borowiec L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
 * Borowiec L., C. Galkowski, and S. Salata. 2015. What is Tetramorium semilaeve André, 1883? (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 512:39-62.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2012. Ants of Greece - Checklist, comments and new faunistic data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus 23(4): 461-563.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2015. Pheidole symbioticaWasmann, 1909, an enigmatic supposed social parasite, is a nematodeinfested form of Pheidole pallidula(Nylander, 1849) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Sociobiology 62(2): 181-186.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2017. Ants of the Peloponnese, Greece (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Polish Journal of Entomology 86: 193-236.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2018. Notes on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Samos Island, Greece. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 27: 1-13.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2018. Notes on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Euboea Island, Central Greece. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 27(5): 1-15.
 * Bracko G. 2007. Checklist of the ants of Slovenia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Natura Sloveniae 9: 15-24
 * Bracko G., H. C. Wagner, A. Schulz, E. Gioahim, J. Maticic, and A. Tratnik. 2014. New investigation and a revised checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Republic of Macedonia. North-Western Journal of Zoology 10(1): 10-24.
 * Bracko G., K. Kiran, C. Karaman, S. Salata, and L. Borowiec. 2016. Survey of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Greek Thrace. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7945. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e7945
 * Bracko, G. 2006. Review of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) of Croatia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica 14(2): 131-156.
 * Bracko, G. "Review of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Croatia." Acta Entomologica Slovenica Vol 14 st (2006): 131-156.
 * Casevitz-Weulersse J. 1990. Etude Systematique de la Myrmecofaune Corse (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), deuxieme partie. Bull. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. Paris. 4eme serie 12, section A(2): 415-442.
 * Casevitz-Weulersse J. 1992. La myrmecofaune de la reserve naturelle de Scandola, inventaire spécifique (1984/85-1991). Trav. Sci. Parc nat. Res. Nat. Corse, Fr, 36: 85-108.
 * Casevitz-Weulersse J., and C. Galkowski. 2009. Liste actualisee des Fourmis de France (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 114: 475-510.
 * Casevitz-Weulersse J., and M. Prost. 1991. Fourmis de la Côte-d'Or présentes dans les collections du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Dijon. Bulletin Scientifique de Bourgogne 44: 53-72.
 * Casevitz-Weulersse, J. "Contribution a la connaisance des fourmis de la Corse (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." These de Doctorat Museum Nat (1989): 379pp.
 * Castillo-Miralbes M. 2001. Artropodos presentes en carrona de cerdos en la comarca de la litera (Huesca). Bol. S.E.A. 28: 133-140.
 * Castracani C., D. A. Grasso, A. Fanfani, and A. Mori. 2010. The ant fauna of Castelporziano Presidential Reserve (Rome, Italy) as a model for the analysis of ant community structure in relation to environmental variation in Mediterranean ecosystems. J Insect Conserv 14: 585594.
 * Cecconi G. 1908. Contributo alla fauna delle Isole Tremiti. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Reale Università di Torino 23(583): 1-53.
 * Collingwood C. A. 1956. Ant hunting in France. Entomologist 89: 106-108.
 * Collingwood C., and A. Prince. 1998. A guide to ants of continental Portugal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia. Suplemento 5: 1-49.
 * Collingwood, C. A. 1993. A Comparitive Study of the Ant Fauna of Five Greek Islands. Biologia Gallo-hellenica. 20,1:191-197
 * Collingwood, C. A., and I. H. H. Yarrow. "A survey of Iberian Formicidae." EOS (Revista española de entomología) 44 (1969): 53-101.
 * Collingwood, C. A. "A comparative study of the ant fauna of five Greek islands." Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 20 (1993): 191-197.
 * Consani M., and P. Zangheri. 1952. Fauna di Romagna. Imenotteri - Formicidi. Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana 31: 38-48.
 * Costa, A. "Notizie ed osservazioni sulla geo-fauna Sarda. Memoria terza. Risultamento delle ricerche fatte in Sardegna nella estate del 1883." Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche Napoli (2)1(9) (1884): 1-64.
 * Crevecoeur F. F. 1919. Additions to the list of Kansas Hymenoptera. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 30: 385-388.
 * Csosz S., B. Marko, K. Kiss, A. Tartally, and L. Galle. 2002. The ant fauna of the Ferto-Hansag National Park (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). In: Mahunka, S. (Ed.): The fauna of the Fert?-Hanság National Park. Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, pp. 617-629.
 * Csősz S. and Markó, B. 2005. European ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the ant collection of the Natural History Museum of Sibiu (Hermannstadt/Nagyszeben), Romania II. Subfamily Formicinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 97: 225-240.
 * Csősz S., B. Markó, and L. Gallé. 2001. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Stana Valley (Romania): Evaluation of the effectiveness of a myrmecological survey.  Entomologica Romanica 6 : 121-126.
 * Csősz S., B. Markó, and L. Gallé. 2011. The myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Hungary: an updated checklist. North-Western Journal of Zoology 7: 55-62.
 * Czechowski W., A. Radchenko, W. Czechowska and K. Vepsäläinen. 2012. The ants of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe. Fauna Poloniae 4. Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation, 1-496 pp
 * De Stefani T. 1889. Miscellanea imenotterologica sicula. Nat. Sicil. 8: 140-145.
 * Della Santa E. 1995. Fourmis de Provence. Faune Provence 16: 5-37.
 * Donisthorpe, H. "A first instalment of the ants of Turkey." Annals and Magazine of Natural History (12)3 (1950): 1057-1067.
 * Du Merle P. 1978. Les peuplements de fourmis et les peuplements d'acridiens du Mont Ventoux II. - Les peuplements de fourmis. Terre Vie 32(1): 161-218.
 * Dubovikoff D. A., and Z. M. Yusupov. 2018. Family Formicidae - Ants. In Belokobylskij S. A. and A. S. Lelej: Annotated catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Proceedingss of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 6: 197-210.
 * Dvorak, L., P. BOGUSCH, I. MALENOVSKÝ, P. BEZDÌÈKA, K. BEZDÌÈKOVÁ, K. HOLÝ, P. LIKA, J. MACEK, L. ROLLER, M. RÍHA et al. "Hymenoptera of Hády Hill, near the city of Brno (Czech Republic), collected during the Third Czech-Slovak Hymenoptera meeting." Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae (Brno) 93 (2008): 53-92.
 * Emery C. 1878. Liste des fourmis de la collection de feu Camille van Volxem, avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 21: viii-x.
 * Emery C. 1886. Saggio di un catalogo sistematico dei generi Camponotus, Polyrhachis e affini. Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna 5: 363-382
 * Emery C. 1897. Anhang. Verzeichniss der auf der zweiten Reise nach Kleinasien (1897) gesammelten Ameisen, mit einer Neubeschreibung. P. 239 in: Escherich, K. 1897. Zur Kenntniss der Myrmecophilen Kleinasiens. I. Coleoptera. Wiener Entomologische Zeitung 16: 229-239.
 * Emery C. 1914. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Bearbeitung von O. Leonhard's Sammlungen. 5. Südeuropäische Ameisen (Hym.). Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin-Dahlem 3: 156-159.
 * Emery C. 1916. Fauna entomologica italiana. I. Hymenoptera.-Formicidae. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 47: 79-275.
 * Emery, C. "Alcune formiche dell'isola di Creta." Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. Resoc. Adun. 26 (1894): 7-10.
 * Emery, C. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der palaearktischen Ameisen." Öfversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar (Helsinki) 20 (1898): 124-151.
 * Emery, C. "Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte seconda. Formiche dell'Europa e delle regioni limitrofe in Africa e in Asia." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 12 (1878): 43-59.
 * Emery, C. "Escursioni zoologiche del Dr. Enrico Festa nell'Isola di Rodi. XII. Formiche." Bollettino del Museo di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparatadella Reale Università di Torino 30 (1915): 1-7.
 * Emery, C. "Liste des fourmis de la collection de feu Camille van Volxem, avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle." Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 21 (1878): viii-x.
 * Emery, C. "Spicilegio mirmecologico." Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 33 (1901): 57-63.
 * Emery, C. "Viaggio ad Assab nel Mar Rosso dei Signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso "Esploratore" dal 16 novembre 1879 al 26 febbraio 1880. I. Formiche." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 16 (1881): 525-535.
 * Espadaler X. F. Garcia, K. Gomez, S. Serrano, and R. Vila. 2009. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Mont-Rebei gorge (Pallars Jussà). Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 44: 393399.
 * Espadaler X., F. Garcia, X. Roig, and R. Vila. 2013. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Castell de Montesquiu park (Osona, north-east of the Iberian Peninsula). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.) 53: 223-227.
 * Espadaler X., X. Roig, K. Gómez, and F. García. 2011. Formigues de les Planes de Son i mata de València (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Treballs de la Institució Catalana d'Història Natural 16: 609-627.
 * Espadaler, X., and L. Lopez Soria. "Rareness of certain Mediterranean ant species: fact or artifact?" Insectes Sociaux 38 (1991): 365-377.
 * Espadaler, X., and X. Roig. "Ants from the Montnegre-Corredor Natural Park with description of the male lasius cinereus Seifert." Miscellanea Zoologica 23 (2) (2001): 45-53. Abstract
 * Espadaler, X. "Contribución al conocimiento de los formícidos (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) del Pirineo catalán." Tesis Universida (1979): 285 pp.
 * Espadaler, X. "Formicidos de las sierras de Cazorla, del Pozo y Segura (Jaén, España)." Ecología 11 (1997): 489-499.
 * Espadaler, X. "Formícidos de los alrededores de la laguna de Sariñena (Huesca). Descripción del macho de Camponotus foreli Emery." Colección Estudios Altoaragoneses 6 (1986): 109-126.
 * Espadaler, X. "Sobre formigues trovades en coves." Speleon 26-27 (1983): 53-56.
 * Finzi, B. "Formiche dell'isola d'Elba e Monte Argentario." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 56 (1924): 12-15.
 * Finzi, B. "Quarto contributo alla conoscenza della fauna mirmecologica della Venezia Giulia." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 60 (1928): 128-130.
 * Finzi, B. "Raccolte entomologiche nell'Isola di Capraia fatte da C. Mancini e F. Capra (1927-1931). II. Formicidae." Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 11 (1933): 162-165.
 * Finzi, B. "Risultati scientifici della spedizione Ravasini-Lona in Albania. III. Formiche." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 55 (1923): 1-4.
 * Forel A. 1886. Études myrmécologiques en 1886. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique. 30: 131-215.
 * Forel A. 1904. Dimorphisme du mâle chez les fourmis et quelques autres notices myrmécologiques. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 48: 421-425.
 * Forel A. 1904. Note sur les fourmis du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences à St. Pétersbourg. Ezheg. Zool. Muz. 8: 368-388.
 * Forel A. 1906. Fourmis d'Asie mineure et de la Dobrudscha récoltées par M. le Dr. Oscar Vogt et Mme Cécile Vogt, Dr. méd. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 50: 187-190.
 * Forel A. 1907. Formiciden aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. II. Teil. Neueingänge seit 1900. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 24: 1-20.
 * Forel A. 1911. Fourmis nouvelles ou intéressantes. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 47: 331-400.
 * Forel, A. "Ameisen aus den Sporaden, den Cykladen und Griechenland, gesammelt 1887 von Herrn von Oertzen." Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 32 (1889): 255-265.
 * Forel, A. "Miscellanea myrmécologiques." Revue Suisse de Zoologie 12 (1904): 1-52.
 * Forel, A. "Nouvelles fourmis de Grèce récoltées par M. E. von Oertzen." Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 30 (1886): clix-clxviii.
 * Forel, A. "Südpalaearctische Ameisen." Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gessellschaft 9 (1895): 227-234.
 * Francois J. 1958. Contribution a l'etude ecologique des Formicides (Insectes, Hymenopteres) de la region Dijonnaise. Travaux du laboratoire de Zoologie et de la Station Aquicole Grimaldi de la Faculte des Sciences de Dijon 25, 39 pages.
 * GRETIA. 2017. Bilan annuel de l'enquete sur la repartition des fourmis armoricaines. 23 pages.
 * Galkowski C. 2011. Une liste des fourmis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) récoltées dans la région de Grasse, avec la mention dune nouvelle espèce de la faune de France. Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Provence, 62 : 41-44.
 * Galle L. 1972. Study of ant-populations in various grassland ecosystems. Acta Biologica Szeged 18(1-4): 159-164.
 * Galle L. 1993. Data to the ant fauna of the Bukk (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Natural history of the national parks of Hungary 7: 445-448.
 * Galle L. 1997. Contribution to the ant fauna of Slovenia with special reference to the submediterranean and eudinaric regions. Annals for Istrian and Mediterranean studies 11: 209-214.
 * Gallé L., B. Markó, K. Kiss, E. Kovács, H. Dürgő, K. Kőváry, and S. Csősz. 2005. Ant fauna of Tisza river basin (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).  In: Gallé, L. (szerk.): Vegetation and Fauna of Tisza River Basin I. Tiscia Monograph Series 7; Szeged, pp. 149-197.
 * Garcia F, Arnal J, Espadaler X. 2008. Primeros registros de Myrmica bibikoffi Kutter, 1963 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en la Península Ibérica. Heteropterus Revista de Entomologia 8: 211-215.
 * Garcia F., X. Espadaler, and K. Gomez. 2009. First record of Amblyopone impressifrons (Emery, 1869) from the Iberian Peninsula and of Proceratium melinum (Roger, 1860) from Catalonia (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 45: 357-360.
 * Garcia Garcia F., and A. D. Cuesta-Esgura. 2017. First catalogue of the ants of Burgos province, Spain (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 60: 245–258.
 * García F., X. Espadaler, P. Echave, and R. Vila. 2011. Hormigas (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) de los acantilados de l'Avenc de Tavertet (Osona) Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 47: 363-367.
 * Gaspar C. 1968. Les fourmis de la Drome et des Basses-Alpes, en France (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Naturaliste can. 95: 747-766.
 * Gasperini, R. "Notizia sulla fauna imenotterologadalmata, II, Formicidae-Mutillidae-Scoliadae-Sapygidae-Pompilidae-Sphegidae-Chrysididae." Anuario Dalmatico 4 (1887): 143-160.
 * Goetsch, W. "Beiträge zur Biologie spanischer Ameisen." EOS (Revista española de entomología) 18 (1942): 175-241.
 * Gomez C., D. Casellas, J. Oliveras, and J. M. Bas. 2003. Structure of ground-foraging ant assemblages in relation to land-use change in the northwestern Mediterranean region. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 21352146.
 * Gomez K., D. Martinez, and X. Espadaler. 2018. Phylogeny of the ant genus Aphaenogaster (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of a new species. Sociobiology 65: 215-224.
 * Gouraud C. 2015. Bilan de l’année 2014 : Atlas des fourmis de Loire-Atlantique (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Atlas des Formicidae de Loire-Atlantique, compte rendu de la première année d’étude (2014)
 * Grandi G. 1935. Contributi alla conoscenza degli Imenotteri Aculeati. XV. Boll. R. Ist. Entomol. Univ. Studi Bologna 8: 27-121.
 * Gratiashvili N., Barjadze S. 2008. Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology (Tbilisi) 23: 130-146.
 * Gribodo, G., Emery C. "Ordo Hymenoptera." Pp. 81-85 in: Cavanna, G. Parte II.- Catalogo degli animali raccolti al Vulture, al Pollino ed in altri luoghi dell'Italia meridionale e centrale Bull. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 14 (1882): 31-87.
 * Groc S., J. H. C. Delabie, R. Cereghino, J. Orivel, F. Jaladeau, J. Grangier, C. S. F. Mariano, and A. Dejean. 2007. Ant species diversity in the Grands Causses (Aveyron, France): In search of sampling methods adapted to temperate climates. C. R. Biologies 330: 913922.
 * Guénard B., and R. R. Dunn. 2012. A checklist of the ants of China. Zootaxa 3558: 1-77.
 * Hamann H. H. F., and W. Klemm. 1976. Ergebnisse der von Dr. O. Paget und Dr. E. Kritscher auf Rhodos durchgeführten zoologischen Exkursionen. XVI. Formicidae. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 80: 669-679.
 * Hauschteck-Jungen E., and H. Jungen. 1983. Ant chromosomes. II. Karyotypes of western palearctic species. Insectes Soc. 30: 149-164.
 * Hosoishi, S., S. Yamane and K. Ogata. 2010. Subterranean species of the ant genus Crematogaster in Asia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomological Science 13:345-350.
 * Huang Ren-Xing, Ouyang Tong, Wu Wei, and Fan Zhao-tian. 2004. Forty two new record species of Family Formicidae (Hymenoptera: Formicoidea) from Xinjiang, China. Entomotaxonomia 26 (2): 156-160.
 * IZIKO South Africa Museum Collection
 * Ionescu-Hirsch A. 2009. An annotated list of Camponotus of Israel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key and descriptions of new species. ISRAEL JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY 39: 5798.
 * Karaman C., K. Kiran, and V. Aksoy. 2014. New records of the genus Strumigenys Smith, 1860 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Black Sea region of Turkey. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, 15(2): 59-63.
 * Karaman C., N. Aktac, and K. Kiran. 2009. Ants of the genus CamponotusMayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Kaz Mountains, Turkey, with descriptions of sexuals of Camponotus candiotes Emery, 1894 and Camponotus ionius Emery, 1920. Tubitak 35(2): 183-197.
 * Karaman M. G. 2009. An introduction to the ant fauna of Macedonia (Balkan Peninsula), a check list (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Natura Montenegrina 8(3): 151-162.
 * Karaman M. G. 2011. A catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Montenegro. Podgorica: Catalogues 3, Volume 2, Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, 140 pp.
 * Karavaiev V. 1926. Beiträge zur Ameisenfauna des Kaukasus, nebst einigen Bemerkungen über andere palaearktische Formen. (Schluss). Konowia 5: 187-199.
 * Karavaiev V. 1927. Übersicht der Ameisenfauna der Krim nebst einigen Neubeschreibungen. Konowia 5: 281-303.
 * Kim B.J. 1996. Synonymic list and distribution of Formicidae (Hymenoptera) in Korea. Entomological Research Bulletin Supplement 169-196.
 * Kiran K. C. Karaman, A. Lapeva-Gjonova, and V. Aksoy. 2017. Two new species of the "ultimate" parasitic ant genus Teleutomyrmex KUTTER, 1950 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from the Western Palaearctic. Myrmecological News 25: 145-155.
 * Kiran K., and N. Aktac. 2006. The vertical distribution of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Samanh Mountains, Turkey. Linzer Biol. Beitr. 38(2): 1105-1122.
 * Kiss K., and K. Fetyko. 2008. Notes about the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Tur valley. In. Sike T., Márk-Nagy J. (eds), The flora and fauna of the Tur river natural reserve, Biharean Biologist, II, Oradea, pp.71-76.
 * Krausse, A. H. "Ueber sardische Ameisen." Archiv für Naturgeschichte, Berlin A 78(7) (1912): 162-166.
 * Kuznetsov G. T. 1990. Comparative analysis of Hymenoptera (Formicidae) population on altitudinal zones of central Kopetdag. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR. Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 1990(3): 64-67.
 * Lapeva-Gjonova A., and S. Santamaria. 2011. First records of Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota) on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Bulgaria. ZooNotes 22: 1-6.
 * Le Moli F., and M. R. Rose. 1991. Atti della Societa Italiana di Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milan. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 132:25-40.
 * Lebas C., C. Galkowski, P. Wegnez, X. Espadaler, and R. Blatrix. 2015. The exceptional diversity of ants on mount Coronat (Pyrénées-Orientales), and Temnothorax gredosi(Hymenoptera, Formicidae) new to France. R.A.R.E., T. XXIV (1): 24  33
 * Legakis A. 1983. Aspects of the distribution of ants in an insular mediterranean ecosystem (Cyclades Is., Greece) Rapports et Procès-Verbaux des Réunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée. Monaco 28: 121-122.
 * Legakis A. 1983. The Zoological Museum of the University of Athens 2. The collection of ants from Greece. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 11(1): 85-87.
 * Legakis A. 1989. Aspects of the distribution of ants in an insular mediterranean ecosystem (Cyclades Isl., Greece). Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol. 26 (3): 363-369.
 * Legakis Collection Database
 * Lenoir A. 1971. Les fourmis de Touraine, leur intérêt biogéographique. Cahiers des Naturalistes 27: 21-30.
 * Liu X. 2012. Taxonomy, diversity and spatial distribution characters of the ant family Formicidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) in southeastern Tibet. PhD Thesis 139 pages
 * Liu X., Z. Xu, N. Yu, and C. Zhang. 2016. Distribution patterns of ant species ( Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Galongla Mountains and Medog Valley of Southeastern Tibet. Scientia Silvae Sinicae 52(11): 88-95.
 * Markó B., A. Ionescu-Hirsch, and A. Szász-Len. 2009. Genus Camponotus Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Romania: distribution and identification key to the worker caste. Entomologica Romanica 14: 29-41.
 * Markó B., B. Sipos, S. Csősz, K. Kiss, I. Boros, and L. Gallé. 2006. A comprehensive list of the ants of Romania (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecologische Nachrichten 9: 65-76.
 * Marlier J. F., B. Schatz, and J. C. de Biseau, 2002. Influence de Crematogaster scutellaris (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae) sur deux communautés de fourmis. Colloque UIEIS, Versailles: 68-72.
 * Menozzi C. 1918. Primo contributo alla conoscenza della fauna mirmecologica del Modenese. Atti della Società dei Naturalisti e Matematici di Modena. (5)4: 81-88.
 * Menozzi C. 1929. Ricerche faunistiche nelle isole italiane dell'Egeo. Imenotteri (formiche). Archivio Zoologico Italiano. 13: 145-146.
 * Müller, G. "Le formiche della Venezia Guilia e della Dalmazia." Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze Naturali in Trieste 28 (1923): 11-180.
 * Neumeyer R., and B. Seifert. 2005. Commented check list of free living ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species of Switzerland. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse 78: 1-17.
 * Nylander, W. "Synopsis des Formicides de France et d'Algérie." Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie (4)5 (1856): 51-109.
 * Ovazza M. 1950. Contribution à la connaissance des fourmis des Pyrénées-Orientales. Récoltes de J. Hamon Vie et Milieu 1: 93-94.
 * Ovazza M. 1953. Contributions a l'etude biologique de la Camargue, Formicides. Vie et Milieu 4(4) : 751-753.
 * Paknia O., A. Radchenko, H. Alipanah, and M. Pfeiffer. 2008. A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran. Myrmecological News 11: 151-159.
 * Paknia O., and M. Pfeiffer. 2011. Hierarchical partitioning of ant diversity: implications for conservation of biogeographical diversity in arid and semi-arid areas. Diversity and Distributions 17: 122-131.
 * Paraschivescu D. 1978. Elemente balcanice in mirmecofauna R. S. Romania. Nymphaea 6: 463- 474.
 * Pashaei Rad S., B. Taylor, R. Torabi, E. Aram, G. Abolfathi, R. Afshari, F. Borjali, M. Ghatei, F. Hediary, F. Jazini, V. Heidary Kiah, Z. Mahmoudi, F. Safariyan, and M. Seiri. 2018. Further records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Iran. Zoology in the Middle East 64(2): 145-159.
 * Passera L. 1967. Peuplement en fourmis terricoles du rebord Meridional des Causses jurassiques du Quercy: la lande calcaire a buis. Vie et milieu. Serie C, Biologie terrestre 18(1): 189-205.
 * Passera L. 1977. Peuplement myrmecologique du cordon littoral du Languedoc-Roussillon modifications anthropiques. Vie et Milieu 27: 249-265.
 * Peru L. 1999. Quelques ajouts et corrections a un catalogue des fourmis de la region Centre (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bulletin de l'Entomologie Tourangelles 20(1): 9-12.
 * Petrov I. Z. 1986. Contribution to myrmecofauna in some oak-tree communities on the mountain Jastrebac. Prirodnjackog Muzeja i Beogradu Seriya B Bioloske Nauke Supplement: No. 41: 109-114.
 * Petrov I. Z. 2002. Contribution to the myrmecofauna (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) of the Banat Province (Serbia). Archives of Biological Sciences, Belgrade, 54(12): 57-64.
 * Petrov I. Z. 2004. A list of currently known ant species (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) of Serbia. Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade 56(3-4): 121-125.
 * Petrov I. Z. 2010. Contribution to the myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Krusevac and its surroundings. Acta entomologica serbica, 2010, 15(1): 145-148.
 * Petrov I. Z., B. Petrov, D. Milicic, T. Karan-Znidarsic. 2007. Contribution to the Myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of East and South Serbia. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 59(3): 295-299.
 * Petrov I. Z., and C. A. Collingwood. 1992. Survey of the myrmecofauna (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) of Yugoslavia. Archives of Biological Sciences (Belgrade) 44: 79-91.
 * Platner C., J. Pinol, D. Sanders, and X. Espadaler. 2012. Trophic diversity in a Mediterranean food webStable isotope analysis of an ant community of an organic citrus grove. Basic and Applied Ecology 13: 587596.
 * Poldi B., M. Mei, and F. Rigato. 1995. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Vol 102. Checklist delle specie della fauna Italiana: 1-10.
 * Prado e Castro C., M. D. Garcia, C. Palma, and M. D. Martinez-Ibanez. 2014. First report on sarcosaprophagous Formicidae from Portugal (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Annales de la Société entomologique de France 50(1): 51-58.
 * Radchenko A. G. 2007. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the collection of William Nylander. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 50: 27-41.
 * Ran H., and S. Y. Zhou. 2011. Checklist of Chinese Ants: the Formicomorph Subfamilies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (I). Journal of Guangxi Normal University: Natural Science Edition. 29(3): 65-73.
 * Retana J., and X. Cerdá X. 2000. Patterns of diversity and composition of Mediterranean ground ant communites tracking spatial and temporal variability in the thermal environment. Oecologia 123: 436-444.
 * Rigato F., and J. K. Wetterer. 2018. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of San Marino. Natural History Sciences. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 5(2): https://doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2018.367
 * Rigato F., and R. Sciaky. 1989. Contributo alla conoscenza della mirmecofauna della Val Gesso (alpi Marittime) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boll. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino 7(2): 427-442.
 * Rigato S., and I. Toni. 2011. Short notes 21. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Pp. 873-882 in: Nardi, G.; Whitmore, D.; Bardiani, M.; Birtele, D.; Mason, F.; Spada, L.; Cerretti, P. (eds.) 2011. Biodiversity of Marganai and Montimannu (Sardinia). Research in the framework of the ICP Forests network. Conservazione Habitat Invertebrati, 5. Sommacampagna, Verona: Cierre Edizioni, 896 pp.
 * Roger, J. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Ameisenfauna der Mittelmeerländer. I." Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 3 (1859): 225-259.
 * Rosenhauer, W. G. "Die Thiere Andalusiens." Erlangen (1856).
 * Salata S., L. Borowiec, and A.Trichas. 2018. Taxonomic Revision of the Cretan Fauna of the Genus Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with Notes on the Endemism of Ant Fauna of Crete. Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 68(4): 769-808.
 * Salata S., and L Borowiec. 2017. Species of Tetramorium semilaeve complex from Balkans and western Turkey, with description of two new species of (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 62:279–313.
 * Salata S., and L. Borowiec. 2018. Taxonomic and faunistic notes on Greek ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 27: 1-51.
 * Salata S., and L. Borowiec. 2019. Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131.
 * Sanchez-Gil Jimeno R., and J. L. Reyes-Lopez. 2016. Study of ants species of the Sierra de San Carlos del Valle (Ciudad Real) and updating the provincial check list (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent. 40 (1-2): 93-109.
 * Santos S. A. P., J. E. Cabanas, and J. A. Pereira. 2007. Abundance and diversity of soil arthropods in olive grove ecosystem (Portugal): Effect of pitfall trap type. European Journal of Soil Biology 43: 77-83.
 * Santschi F. 1926. Travaux scientifiques de l'Armée d'Orient (1916-1918). Fourmis. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 32: 286-293.
 * Santschi, F. "Inventa entomologica itineris Hispanici et Maroccani, quod a. 1926 fecerunt Harald et Håkan Lindberg. Fourmis du Bassin Méditerranéen occidental et du Maroc récoltées par MM. Lindberg." Societas Scientiarum Fennica (Helsingfors) 3 (14) (1931): 1-13.
 * Santschi, F. "Notes sur les fourmis paléarctiques. II. Fourmis d'Asie Mineure récoltées par M. H. Gadeau de Kerville." Boletín de la Real Sociedad española de Historia natural (Madrid) 21 (1921): 110-116.
 * Saunders, E. "Aculeate Hymenoptera collected by J. J. Walker, at Gibraltar and in North Africa. (Part I - Heterogyna)." Entomologists' Monthly Magazine XXVI (1890): 201-206 y 289-291.
 * Schlick-Steiner B. C., and F. M. Steiner. 1999. Faunistisch-ökologische Untersuchungen an den freilebenden Ameisen (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Wiens. Myrmecologische Nachrichten 3: 9-53.
 * Scupola A., and R. Poggi. 2014. Ricerche zoologiche della nave oceanografica "minerva" (C.N.R.) sulle isole circumsarde. XXXIII. Formiche. Estratto dagli Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale “G. Doria” 106: 93-131.
 * Seifert B. 1994. Die freilebenden Ameisenarten Deutschlands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) und Angaben zu deren Taxonomie und Verbreitung. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums Görlitz 67(3): 1-44.
 * Seifert B. 1998. Rote Liste der Ameisen. - in: M. Binot, R. Bless, P. Boye, H. Gruttke und P. Pretscher: Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere Deutschlands. Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1998: 130-133.
 * Sommer F. 1984. Etude de la myrmécofaune de la réserve de la Massane. Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls sur Mer (66), 29 pages.
 * Sommer F., and H. Cagniant. 1988. Peuplements de fourmis des Albères Orientales (Pyrénées-Orientales, France) (Première partie). Vie Milieu 38: 189-200.
 * Soyer B. 1951. Les fourmis des collines des environs de Marseille. Bull Soc Linn Provence 18: 3-6.
 * Steiner F. M., S. Schödl, and B. C. Schlick-Steiner. 2002. Liste der Ameisen Österreichs (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Stand Oktober 2002. Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik 3: 17-25.
 * Stukalyuk S. V. 2016. Crematogaster subdentata Mayr, 1877, a potentially invasive species of ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) new to the fauna of Crimea. Entomological Review 95(8)
 * Stärcke A. 1942. Formicides de l'île de Port-Croz (Hyères) récoltées par le docteur Chassagne. Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 11: 23.
 * Suñer i Escriche, David. "Contribució al coneixement mirmecologic de Gavarres, Montgrí, Guilleríes i la Serralada Transversal." Tesis Doctoral Universida (1991): 577 pp.
 * Tausan I. 2016. First record of Camponotus lateralis (Olivier, 1792)(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Dobrogea (Romania). Brukenthal. Acta Musei, 11: 443-446.
 * Tausan I., M. M. Jerpel, I. R. Puscasu, C. Sadeanu, R. E. Brutatu, L. A. Radutiu, and V. Giurescu. 2012. Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Sibiu County (Transylvania, Romania). Brukenthal. Acta Musei 7(3): 499-520.
 * Tinaut A. 2016. Ants of the Tejeda, Almijara and Alhama Mountains Natural Park (Andalusia, Spain) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent., 40 (1-2): 125-159.
 * Tinaut, A., M. D. Martínez Ibáñez, and J. Vidal. "Primer inventario de los formícidos de Navarra. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Munibe 58 (2010): 79-84.
 * Tinaut, A., X. Espadaler, and J. Jiménez. "Camponotus universitatis Forel, 1891 en la Península Ibérica. Descripción de sus sexuados." Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (n.s.)9 (3 (1992): 233-238.
 * Tizado Morales, E. J. Estudio comparado de la fauna y la biología de pulgones (Hom.), afidíinos (Hym.) y otros insectos acompañantes en dos áreas de la provincia de León In Secretariado de Publicaciones, Tesis doctoral en microficha, nº 67. León: Universidad de León, 1991.
 * Tohme G. 1996. Formicidae. Etude de la diversité biologique n° 4 . Ministère de lAgriculture à Beyrouth (Eds.). P85-87.
 * Vagalinski B., and A. Lapeva-Gjonova. 2012. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Plana Mountain (Bulgaria). Historia naturalis bulgarica 20: 87-101.
 * Vassilev I. 1987. The ants (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) from the valley of the river Racene. Annuaire de l'Universite de Sofia Kliment Ohridski Faceulte de Biologie 78: 74-79.
 * Vesni? A. 2011: Revidirani sistematski prijegled mrava Bosne i Hercegovine. Unutar : S. Lelo (urednik),  Fauna  Bosne  i  Hercegovine    Biosistematski  pregledi.  7.  izmijenjeno  i popravljeno interno izdanje Udruenja za inventarizaciju i zatitu  ivotinja, Ilija, Kanton Sarajevo, pp: 205-207.
 * Vicidomini S., and C. Pignataro. 2007. Contributo alla conoscenza della biodiversità del Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano: gli Imenotteri veleniferi più comuni e check-list delle specie di Apoidea e Formicidae della provincia di Salerno. Il Naturalista Campano 34: 1-15.
 * Vogrin, V. "Prilog fauni Hymenoptera - Aculeata Jugoslavije." Zast. Bilja 31(suppl.) (1955): 1-74.
 * Vonshak M., and A. Ionescu-Hirsch. 2009. A checklist of the ants of Israel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 39: 33-55.
 * Wagner H. C., B. Seifert, R. Borovsky, and W. Paill. 2018. First insight into the ant diversity of the Vjosa valley, Albania (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Acta ZooBot Austria 155: 315–321.
 * Wheeler W. M. and W. M. Mann. 1916. The ants of the Phillips Expedition to Palestine during 1914. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 60: 167-174.
 * Wheeler W. M., and W. M. Mann. 1916. The ants of the Phillips Expedition to Palestine during 1914. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 60: 167-174.
 * Zimmermann, S. "Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ameisenfauna Süddalmatiens." Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanisch Gesellschaft in Wien 84 (1935): 1-65.
 * Zimmermann, S. "Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ameisenfaunader Quarnerischen Inseln." Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanisch Gesellschaft in Wien 80 (1930): 45-66.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Formícidos de las Sierras de Prades-Montsant, Sierras de Cavalls-Alfara-Montes Blancos (Tarragona)." Boletín de la Estación Central de Ecología 10 (1981): 55-58.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica en la Cordillera Ibérica." Orsis 6 (1991): 129-126.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica por Extremadura (España) y Sao Brás-Almodovar, Alcácer do Sal, Serra da Estrela (Portugal)." Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia Suplemento 3(1) (1992): 95-104.
 * de Haro, Andrés. "Formícidos del Valle de las Batuecas y parte occidental de la Cordillera Central (Salamanca)." Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia natural (Madrid) 72 (1974): 229-235.
 * Álvarez M., M. L. Munguira, and M. D. Martínez-Ibáñez. 2014. Comparative Study of the Morphology of Stridulatory Organs of the Iberian Lycaenid Butterfly Pupae (Lepidoptera). Journal of Morphology 275(4): 414430.