Paraguay



The following valid species and subspecies of ants are known to occur in Paraguay. Unidentified and undescribed species will be added to this list as identifications are verified and taxonomic revisions are published. This species list is based upon the effort of many ant collectors as well as myrmecologists who have published on the taxonomy of Paraguayan ants. Those who have specimen records that expand this list are encouraged to submit this information in the discussion section of the Paraguayan Ants web page. Please advise if any corrections are warranted.

A

 * Acanthognathus rudis Brown & Kempf, 1969


 * Acanthoponera mucronata (Roger, 1860)


 * Acanthostichus brevicornis 	Emery, 1894


 * Acanthostichus kirbyi Emery, 1895


 * Acanthostichus laticornis 	Forel, 1908


 * Acanthostichus longinodis 	MacKay, 2004


 * Acanthostichus serratulus (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Acromyrmex ambiguus (Emery, 1888)


 * Acromyrmex balzani 	(Emery, 1890)


 * Acromyrmex coronatus (Fabricius, 1804)


 * Acromyrmex crassispinus 	(Forel, 1909)


 * Acromyrmex disciger 	(Mayr, 1887)


 * Acromyrmex fracticornis (Forel, 1909)


 * Acromyrmex heyeri (Forel, 1899)


 * Acromyrmex hispidus fallax Santschi, 1925


 * Acromyrmex laticeps 	(Emery, 1905)


 * Acromyrmex lobicornis (Emery, 1888)


 * Acromyrmex lobicornis ferrugineus 	(Emery, 1905)


 * Acromyrmex lundii (Guerin-Meneville, 1838)


 * Acromyrmex lundii decolor 	Emery, 1905


 * Acromyrmex niger (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Acromyrmex nigrosetosus Forel, 1908


 * Acromyrmex pubescens (Emery, 1905)


 * Acromyrmex rugosus (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Acromyrmex striatus 	(Roger, 1863)


 * Acromyrmex subterraneus 	(Forel, 1893)


 * Acropyga goeldii 	Forel, 1893


 * Anillidris bruchi Santschi, 1936


 * Anochetus altisquamis Mayr, 1887


 * Anochetus miserabilis González-Campero & Elizalde, 2008


 * Anochetus neglectus Emery, 1894


 * Apterostigma pilosum 	Mayr, 1865


 * Apterostigma steigeri 	Santschi, 1911


 * Atta capiguara Goncalves, 1944


 * Atta laevigata 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Atta saltensis Forel, 1913


 * Atta sexdens 	(Linnaeus, 1758)


 * Atta vollenweideri 	Forel, 1893


 * Azteca adrepens 	Forel, 1911


 * Azteca alfari 	Emery, 1893


 * Azteca luederwaldti 	Forel, 1909


 * Azteca schimperi Emery, 1893

B

 * Bariamyrma hispidula Lattke, 1990


 * Basiceros disciger (Mayr, 1887)


 * Brachymyrmex aphidicola Forel, 1909


 * Brachymyrmex brevicornis 	Emery, 1906


 * Brachymyrmex cordemoyi 	Forel, 1895


 * Brachymyrmex fiebrigi 	Forel, 1908


 * Brachymyrmex heeri 	Forel, 1874


 * Brachymyrmex longicornis immunis 	Forel, 1908


 * Brachymyrmex luederwaldti Santschi, 1923


 * Brachymyrmex patagonicus Mayr, 1868


 * Brachymyrmex termitophilus Forel, 1896

C

 * Camponotus arboreus (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Camponotus atriceps 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Camponotus balzani Emery, 1849


 * Camponotus blandus 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Camponotus bonariensis Mayr, 1868


 * Camponotus brasiliensis Mayr, 1862


 * Camponotus cameranoi Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus cingulatus 	Mayr, 1862


 * Camponotus coloratus Forel, 1904


 * Camponotus crassus Mayr, 1862


 * Camponotus depressus Mayr, 1866


 * Camponotus dimorphus Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus emeryodicatus Forel, 1901


 * Camponotus fastigatus Roger, 1863


 * Camponotus fiebrigi 	Forel, 1906


 * Camponotus geralensis 	Emery, 1920


 * Camponotus germaini 	Emery, 1903


 * Camponotus helleri Emery, 1903


 * Camponotus hispidus Emery, 1906


 * Camponotus iheringi Forel, 1908


 * Camponotus innocens Forel, 1909


 * Camponotus lespesii 	Forel, 1886


 * Camponotus leydigi 	Forel, 1886


 * Camponotus macrocephalus Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus melanoticus Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus mus 	Roger, 1863


 * Camponotus novogranadensis Mayr, 1870


 * Camponotus pellitus Mayr, 1862


 * Camponotus personatus 	Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus punctulatus Mayr, 1868


 * Camponotus renggeri 	Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus rosariensis Forel, 1912


 * Camponotus rufipes 	(Fabricius, 1775)


 * Camponotus sanctaefidei Dalla Torre, 1892


 * Camponotus scipio 	Forel, 1908


 * Camponotus scipio insignis Santschi, 1922


 * Camponotus sericeiventris (Guerin-Meneville, 1838)


 * Camponotus sexguttatus (Fabricius, 1793)


 * Camponotus silvicola 	Forel, 1902


 * Camponotus substitutus Emery, 1894


 * Camponotus taniae MacKay & Delsinne, 2009


 * Camponotus termitarius Emery, 1902


 * Camponotus trapeziceps Forel, 1908


 * Camponotus vagulus Forel, 1908


 * Camponotus westermanni Mayr, 1862


 * Carebara mayri 	Forel, 1901


 * Centromyrmex brachycola (Roger, 1861)


 * Cephalotes atratus 	Linnaeus, 1758


 * Cephalotes bohlsi 	Emery, 1896


 * Cephalotes borgmeieri 	Kempf, 1951


 * Cephalotes clypeatus 	Fabricius, 1804


 * Cephalotes depressus 	Klug, 1824


 * Cephalotes eduarduli 	Forel, 1921


 * Cephalotes fiebrigi 	Forel, 1906


 * Cephalotes guayaki 	De Andrade, 1999


 * Cephalotes incertus 	Emery, 1906


 * Cephalotes jheringi 	Emery, 1894


 * Cephalotes maculatus 	Smith, F., 1876


 * Cephalotes minutus 	Fabricius, 1804


 * Cephalotes pallidoides De Andrade, 1999


 * Cephalotes pellans 	De Andrade, 1999


 * Cephalotes persimilis 	De Andrade, 1999


 * Cephalotes pilosus 	Emery, 1896


 * Cephalotes pinelii 	Guérin-Méneville, 1844


 * Cephalotes pusillus 	Klug, 1824


 * Cephalotes targionii 	Emery, 1894


 * Cerapachys species


 * Crematogaster acuta (Fabricius, 1804)


 * Crematogaster ampla Forel, 1912


 * Crematogaster arata Emery, 1906


 * Crematogaster bruchi Forel, 1912


 * Crematogaster chodati 	Forel, 1921


 * Crematogaster cisplatinalis Mayr, 1887


 * Crematogaster corticicola Mayr, 1887


 * Crematogaster crinosa Mayr, 1862


 * Crematogaster curvispinosa Mayr, 1862


 * Crematogaster montezumia Smith, F., 1858


 * Crematogaster nigropilosa Mayr, 1870


 * Crematogaster nitidiceps Emery, 1895


 * Crematogaster quadriformis Roger, 1863


 * Crematogaster rochai Forel, 1903


 * Crematogaster scelerata Santschi, 1917


 * Crematogaster sericea 	Forel, 1912


 * Crematogaster thalia 	Forel, 1911


 * Crematogaster torosa Mayr, 1870


 * Crematogaster victima 	Smith, F., 1858


 * Cryptomyrmex boltoni 	Fernández, 2003


 * Cylindromyrmex brasiliensis 	Emery, 1901


 * Cyphomyrmex laevigatus Weber, 1938


 * Cyphomyrmex lectus Forel, 1911


 * Cyphomyrmex minutus Mayr, 1862


 * Cyphomyrmex olitor Forel, 1893


 * Cyphomyrmex rimosus 	(Spinola, 1851)


 * Cyphomyrmex transversus 	Emery, 1894

D

 * Dinoponera australis 	Emery, 1901


 * Dinoponera mutica Emery, 1901


 * Discothyrea neotropica Bruch, 1919


 * Discothyrea sexarticulata Borgmeier, 1954


 * Dolichoderus bispinosus (Olivier, 1792)


 * Dolichoderus germaini Emery, 1894


 * Dolichoderus lamellosus (Mayr, 1870)


 * Dolichoderus lutosus 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Dorymyrmex bituber Santschi, 1916


 * Dorymyrmex brunneus 	Forel, 1908


 * Dorymyrmex exsanguis Forel, 1912


 * Dorymyrmex insanus 	Buckley, 1866


 * Dorymyrmex jheringi Forel, 1912


 * Dorymyrmex paranensis Santschi, 1922


 * Dorymyrmex spurius 	Santschi, 1929


 * Dorymyrmex thoracicus Gallardo, 1916

E

 * Eciton burchellii 	(Westwood, 1842)


 * Eciton dulcium 	Forel, 1912


 * Eciton mexicanum 	Roger, 1863


 * Eciton mexicanum argentinum Borgmeier, 1955


 * Eciton quadriglume 	(Haliday, 1836)


 * Eciton vagans (Olivier, 1792)


 * Eciton vagans dubitatum 	Emery, 1896


 * Ectatomma brunneum 	Smith, F., 1858


 * Ectatomma edentatum 	Roger, 1863


 * Ectatomma opaciventre 	Roger, 1861


 * Ectatomma permagnum 	Forel, 1908


 * Ectatomma planidens Borgmeier, 1939


 * Ectatomma tuberculatum (Olivier, 1792)


 * Eurhopalothrix bruchi (Santschi, 1922)

F

 * Forelius brasiliensis 	(Forel, 1908)


 * Forelius nigriventris 	Forel, 1912


 * Forelius pusillus Santschi, 1922

G

 * Gnamptogenys bruchi (Santschi, 1922)


 * Gnamptogenys caelata 	Kempf, 1967


 * Gnamptogenys continua (Mayr, 1887)


 * Gnamptogenys moelleri (Forel, 1912)


 * Gnamptogenys rastrata (Mayr, 1866)


 * Gnamptogenys regularis 	Mayr, 1870


 * Gnamptogenys striatula 	Mayr, 1884


 * Gnamptogenys sulcata 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Gracilidris pombero Wild & Cuezzo, 2006

H

 * Heteroponera dolo 	(Roger, 1860)


 * Heteroponera flava Kempf, 1962


 * Heteroponera mayri Kempf, 1962


 * Heteroponera microps Borgmeier, 1957


 * Hylomyrma balzani 	(Emery, 1894)


 * Hylomyrma reitteri (Mayr, 1887)


 * Hypoponera argentina (Santschi, 1922)


 * Hypoponera distinguenda (Emery, 1890)


 * Hypoponera fiebrigi 	(Forel, 1908)


 * Hypoponera foreli (Mayr, 1887)


 * Hypoponera opaciceps 	Mayr, 1887


 * Hypoponera punctatissima (Roger, 1859)


 * Hypoponera reichenspergeri (Santschi, 1923)


 * Hypoponera schmalzi (Emery, 1886)


 * Hypoponera trigona 	(Mayr, 1887)


 * Hypoponera wilsoni 	(Santschi, 1925)

K

 * Kalathomyrmex emeryi (Forel, 1907)

L

 * Labidus coecus  (Latreille, 1802)


 * Labidus mars (Forel, 1912)


 * Labidus praedator 	(Smith, F., 1858)


 * Leptogenys bohlsi 	Emery, 1896


 * Linepithema aztecoides Wild, 2007


 * Linepithema cerradense Wild, 2007


 * Linepithema cryptobioticum Wild, 2007


 * Linepithema gallardoi (Brethes, 1914)


 * Linepithema humile (Mayr, 1868)


 * Linepithema iniquum (Mayr, 1870)


 * Linepithema micans (Forel, 1908)


 * Linepithema neotropicum Wild, 2007


 * Linepithema pulex Wild, 2007

M

 * Megalomyrmex drifti Kempf, 1961


 * Megalomyrmex incisus Smith, M.R., 1947


 * Megalomyrmex silvestrii 	Wheeler, W.M., 1909


 * Monomorium floricola (Jerson, 1851)


 * Monomorium minimum 	Buckley, 1867


 * Monomorium pharaonis 	Linnaeus, 1758


 * Mycetarotes parallelus (Emery, 1906)


 * Mycetophylax simplex 	Emery, 1888


 * Mycetosoritis clorindae 	Kusnezov, 1949


 * Mycetosoritis explicata Kempf, 1968


 * Mycocepurus goeldii (Forel, 1893)


 * Mycocepurus smithii 	(Forel, 1893)


 * Myrmelachista arborea 	Forel, 1909


 * Myrmelachista arthuri Forel, 1903


 * Myrmelachista bambusarum Forel, 1903


 * Myrmelachista catharinae Mayr, 1887


 * Myrmelachista gallicola Mayr, 1887


 * Myrmelachista nodigera Mayr, 1887


 * Myrmicocrypta squamosa 	Smith, F., 1860

N

 * Neivamyrmex angustinodis 	(Emery, 1888)


 * Neivamyrmex bohlsi 	(Emery, 1896)


 * Neivamyrmex carettei (Forel, 1913)


 * Neivamyrmex clavifemur Borgmeier, 1953


 * Neivamyrmex diversinodis (Borgmeier, 1933)


 * Neivamyrmex goeldii (Forel, 1901)


 * Neivamyrmex halidaii 	(Shuckard, 1840)


 * Neivamyrmex hetschkoi (Mayr, 1886)


 * Neivamyrmex hopei (Schuckard, 1840)


 * Neivamyrmex jerrmanni (Forel, 1901)


 * Neivamyrmex laevigatus (Borgmeier, 1948)


 * Neivamyrmex legionis 	(Smith, F., 1855)


 * Neivamyrmex orthonotus (Borgmeier, 1933)


 * Neivamyrmex pertii 	(Shuckard, 1840)


 * Neivamyrmex pilosus (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Neivamyrmex planidorsus (Emery, 1906)


 * Neivamyrmex pseudops 	(Forel, 1909)


 * Neivamyrmex punctaticeps (Emery, 1894)


 * Neivamyrmex romandii 	(Shuckard, 1840)


 * Neivamyrmex shuckardi (Emery, 1900)


 * Neivamyrmex sulcatus Mayr, 1868


 * Neivamyrmex swainsonii (Shuckard, 1840)


 * Nesomyrmex asper (Mayr, 1887)


 * Nesomyrmex echinatinodis (Forel, 1886)


 * Nesomyrmex spininodis 	(Mayr, 1887)


 * Nesomyrmex vicinus (Mayr, 1887)


 * Nomamyrmex esenbeckii (Westwood, 1842)


 * Nomamyrmex hartigii 	(Westwood, 1842)


 * Nylanderia docilis Forel, 1908


 * Nylanderia fulva 	(Mayr, 1862)

O

 * Ochetomyrmex semipolitus Mayr, 1878


 * Octostruma balzani (Emery, 1894)


 * Octostruma iheringi (Emery, 1888)


 * Octostruma rugifera (Mayr, 1887)


 * Odontomachus bauri 	Emery, 1892


 * Odontomachus chelifer 	Latreille, 1802


 * Odontomachus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1758)


 * Odontomachus meinerti 	Forel, 1905


 * Oxyepoecus bidentatus Delsinne & Mackay, 2011


 * Oxyepoecus bruchi Santschi, 1926


 * Oxyepoecus inquilinus Kusnezov, 1952


 * Oxyepoecus rastratus (Mayr, 1887)


 * Oxyepoecus reticulatus Kempf, 1974


 * Oxyepoecus striatus Mackay & Delsinne, 2011


 * Oxyepoecus vezenyii 	(Forel, 1907)

P

 * Pachycondyla agilis (Forel, 1901)


 * Pachycondyla commutata (Roger, 1860)


 * Pachycondyla crassinoda (Latreille, 1802)


 * Pachycondyla crenata 	(Roger, 1861)


 * Pachycondyla harpax (Fabricius, 1804)


 * Pachycondyla lunaris 	Emery, 1896


 * Pachycondyla marginata (Roger, 1861)


 * Pachycondyla obscuricornis 	Emery, 1890


 * Pachycondyla stigma 	(Fabricius, 1804)


 * Pachycondyla striata 	Smith, F., 1858


 * Pachycondyla verenae (Forel, 1922)


 * Pachycondyla villosa 	(Fabricius, 1804)


 * Paraponera clavata 	Fabricius, 1775


 * Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille, 1802)


 * Pheidole aberrans Mayr, 1868


 * Pheidole auropilosa Mary, 1887


 * Pheidole bergi Mayr, 1887


 * Pheidole bruchi Forel, 1914


 * Pheidole chrysops 	Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole cornicula Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole cyrtostela Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole flavens 	Roger, 1863


 * Pheidole fimbriata Roger, 1863


 * Pheidole fracticeps 	Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole gertrudae 	Forel, 1886


 * Pheidole gigaflavens Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole haywardi Kusnezov, 1952


 * Pheidole jelskii Mayr, 1884


 * Pheidole lignicola 	Mayr, 1887


 * Pheidole mosenopsis 	Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole obscurithorax 	Naves, 1985


 * Pheidole oxyops 	Forel, 1908


 * Pheidole radoszkowskii 	Mayr, 1884


 * Pheidole reflexans Santschi, 1933


 * Pheidole rudigenis Emery, 1906


 * Pheidole rugatula Santschi, 1933


 * Pheidole scapulata Santschi, 1923


 * Pheidole sigillata Wilson, 2003


 * Pheidole spininodis Mayr, 1887


 * Pheidole subarmata Mayr, 1884


 * Pheidole susannae Forel, 1886


 * Pheidole triconstricta 	Forel, 1886


 * Pheidole tristis (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Pheidole vafra 	Santschi, 1923


 * Pheidole vallifica 	Forel, 1901


 * Platythyrea exigua Kempf, 1964


 * Platythyrea pilosula (Smith, F. 1858)


 * Pogonomyrmex cunicularius 	Mayr, 1887


 * Pogonomyrmex micans Forel, 1914


 * Pogonomyrmex naegelii Forel, 1878


 * Pogonomyrmex tenuipubens Santschi, 1936


 * Pogonomyrmex uruguayensis Mayr, 1887


 * Procryptocerus goeldii 	Forel, 1899


 * Procryptocerus hylaeus 	Kempf, 1951


 * Procryptocerus montanus Kempf, 1957


 * Pseudomyrmex acanthobius 	(Emery, 1896)


 * Pseudomyrmex cubaensis (Forel, 1901)


 * Pseudomyrmex denticollis 	(Emery, 1890)


 * Pseudomyrmex eduardi 	Forel, 1912


 * Pseudomyrmex elongatus (Mayr, 1870)


 * Pseudomyrmex euryblemma (Forel, 1899)


 * Pseudomyrmex fiebrigi (Forel, 1908)


 * Pseudomyrmex filiformis (Fabricius, 1804)


 * Pseudomyrmex flavidulus (Smith, F., 1858)


 * Pseudomyrmex gracilis (Fabricius, 1804)


 * Pseudomyrmex holmgreni (Wheeler, W. M., 1925)


 * Pseudomyrmex ita 	Forel, 1906


 * Pseudomyrmex kuenckeli (Emery, 1890)


 * Pseudomyrmex laevivertex (Forel, 1906)


 * Pseudomyrmex lisus (Enzmann, 1944)


 * Pseudomyrmex lizeri (Santschi, 1922)


 * Pseudomyrmex longus Forel, 1912


 * Pseudomyrmex pallidus 	Smith, F., 1855


 * Pseudomyrmex phyllophilus 	Smith, F., 1858


 * Pseudomyrmex rufiventris 	(Forel, 1911)


 * Pseudomyrmex schuppi (Forel, 1901)


 * Pseudomyrmex sericeus (Mayr, 1870)


 * Pseudomyrmex simplex (Smith, F., 1877)


 * Pseudomyrmex subater (Wheeler, W. M., & Mann, 19140


 * Pseudomyrmex tenuissimus (Emery, 1906)


 * Pseudomyrmex termitarius 	(Smith, F., 1855)


 * Pseudomyrmex unicolor 	(Smith, F., 1855)


 * Pseudomyrmex urbanus 	(Smith, F., 1877)

R

 * Rhopalothrix species


 * Rogeria alzatei Kugler, 1994


 * Rogeria besucheti 	Kugler, C., 1994


 * Rogeria bruchi Santschi, 1922


 * Rogeria germaini Emery, 1894


 * Rogeria scobinata Kugler, 1994

S

 * Sericomyrmex species


 * Solenopsis albidula Emery, 1906


 * Solenopsis clytemnestra 	Emery, 1896


 * Solenopsis daguerrei (Santschi, 1930)


 * Solenopsis electra 	Forel, 1914


 * Solenopsis franki 	Forel, 1908


 * Solenopsis iheringi Forel, 1908


 * Solenopsis invicta Buren, 1972


 * Solenopsis loretana Santschi, 1936


 * Solenopsis macdonaghi Santschi, 1916


 * Solenopsis medioclara Santschi, 1923


 * Solenopsis megergates Trager, 1991


 * Solenopsis richteri Forel, 1909


 * Solenopsis saevissima (Smith, F., 1855)


 * Solenopsis scelesta Forel, 1908


 * Solenopsis schmalzi Forel, 1901


 * Solenopsis steigeri Santschi, 1916


 * Solenopsis stricta Emery, 1896


 * Solenopsis substituta Santschi, 1925


 * Solenopsis subtilis 	Emery, 1896


 * Solenopsis tetracantha Emery, 1906


 * Solenopsis wasmannii Emery, 1894


 * Stigmatomma elongatum (Santschi, 1912)


 * Strumigenys appretiata Borgmeier, 1954


 * Strumigenys carinithorax 	Borgmeier, 1934


 * Strumigenys cordovensis 	Mayr, 1887


 * Strumigenys crassicornis 	(Mayr, 1887)


 * Strumigenys denticulata Mayr, 1887


 * Strumigenys eggersi 	(Emery, 1890


 * Strumigenys elongata 	Roger, 1863


 * Strumigenys emiliae 	(Forel, 1907)


 * Strumigenys epelys 	Bolton, 2000


 * Strumigenys epinotalis (Weber, 1934)


 * Strumigenys fridericimuelleri 	Forel, 1886


 * Strumigenys hindenburgi Forel, 1915


 * Strumigenys insolita 	Bolton, 2000


 * Strumigenys louisianae Roger, 1863


 * Strumigenys metrix 	Bolton, 2000


 * Strumigenys ogloblini Santschi, 1936


 * Strumigenys prospiciens Emery, 1906


 * Strumigenys saliens Mayr, 1887


 * Strumigenys schmalzi Emery, 1906


 * Strumigenys siagodens 	Bolton, 2000


 * Strumigenys silvestrii Emery, 1906


 * Strumigenys subedentata (Mayr, 1887)


 * Strumigenys tanymastax 	(Brown, 1964)


 * Strumigenys xenochelyna 	Bolton, 2000

T

 * Tapinoma atriceps Emery, 1888


 * Tapinoma melanocephalum (Fabricius, 1793)


 * Tetramorium simillimum (Smith, F., 1851)


 * Thaumatomyrmex mutilatus Mayr, 1887


 * Trachymyrmex dichrous Kempf, 1967


 * Trachymyrmex fiebrigi 	Santschi, 1916


 * Trachymyrmex holmgreni Wheeler, W.M., 1925


 * Trachymyrmex kempfi 	Fowler, 1982


 * Tranopelta gilva 	Mayr, 1866


 * Typhlomyrmex clavicornis 	Emery, 1906


 * Typhlomyrmex pusillus 	Emery, 1894


 * Typhlomyrmex rogenhoferi Mayr, 1862

W

 * Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger, 1863)


 * Wasmannia auropunctata nigricans 	Emery, 1906


 * Wasmannia lutzi Forel, 1908


 * Wasmannia sulcaticeps Emery, 1894

X

 * Xenomyrmex species

Online Resources
Paraguayan Ants Project