Formica gagates

Guiliani et al. (2019) observed this species foraging on extrafloral nectaries of the invasive Reynoutria x bohemica (Polygonaceae) in Tuscany. The habitats examined were river banks and disturbed habitats. In Greece, Borowiec & Salata (2021) found this to a common species which prefers deciduous forests except in Achaia and Aetolia-Acarnania where it mostly occurs in fir forests and mountain pastures.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Oriental Region: India. Palaearctic Region: Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iberian Peninsula, Montenegro, Poland, Portugal, North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine.

Nomenclature

 *  gagates. Formica gagates Latreille, 1798: 36 (w.q.) FRANCE. Mayr, 1855: 349 (m.). Combination in F. (Serviformica): Forel, 1915d: 63. Subspecies of fusca: Forel, 1874: 53; Emery & Forel, 1879: 451; Mayr, 1886d: 426; Forel, 1892i: 307; Forel, 1907b: 208; Bondroit, 1910: 483. Status as species: André, 1882b: 182; Nasonov, 1889: 19; Ruzsky, 1902d: 13; Forel, 1904b: 384; Wheeler, W.M. 1913f: 513; Forel, 1915d: 63; Emery, 1916b: 254; Bondroit, 1918: 46; Karavaiev, 1927c: 285; Karavaiev, 1936: 229; Stitz, 1939: 362; Bernard, 1967: 298; Dlussky, 1967a: 79; Kutter, 1977c: 250; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 269. Senior synonym of capsincola: Mayr, 1855: 348; Nylander, 1856b: 65; of morio: Emery, 1925b: 248; Karavaiev, 1936: 230; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 169; of fuscogagates: Kutter, 1977c: 254. Material of the unavailable name muralewiczi referred here by Emery, 1909b: 194; Karavaiev, 1927a: 301. Current subspecies: nominal plus piceogagates.
 * morio. Formica morio Latreille, 1798: 36 (w.) FRANCE. Junior synonym of gagates: Emery, 1925b: 248; Dlussky & Pisarski, 1971: 169.
 * capsincola. Formica capsincola Schilling, 1839: 54 (w.q.) POLAND. Junior synonym of gagates: Mayr, 1855: 248; Nylander, 1856b: 65.
 * fuscogagates. Formica fusca var. fuscogagates Forel, 1874: 54 (w.q.) SWITZERLAND. Combination in F. (Serviformica): Forel, 1915d: 63. Raised to species: Bondroit, 1918: 47. Subspecies of gagates: Emery, 1909b: 195; Emery, 1925b: 249. Junior synonym of gagates: Kutter, 1977c: 254.

Description
Worker

Bingham (1903): Dark castaneous or piceous brown, smooth and shining, with a few scattered erect hairs on the front of the head and on the posterior half of the abdomen. Head narrower, with the cheeks slightly flatter and straighter than in F. fusca; clypeus comparatively large, convex, medially vertically carinate; this carina in all specimens from India that I have seen is slight, not acute, and medially interrupted. Thorax above less deeply emarginate at the meso-metanotal suture than in F. fusca. Node of the pedicel convex in front, flat posteriorly, its upper margin rounded, remarkably attenuate and sharp; abdomen narrower, less depressed and more convex above than in F. fusca.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

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