Crematogaster sordidula

This is a common species in Greece, known from all provinces. It prefers warm mediterranean habitats such as pastures, mediterranean shrubs and roadsides. Nests located under stones or directly in ground (Borowiec & Salata, 2021). This ant was observed on larvae of that were feeding on Erophaca baetica in Sierra Morena, southern Spain. It has also been associated with the butterflies and  (Obregon et al. 2015).

Distribution
This is a common species, known from all Greek provinces (Borowiec et al., 2022).

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Palaearctic Region: Albania, Balearic Islands, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Georgia, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Iberian Peninsula, Israel, Italy, Montenegro, Portugal, Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey.

Nomenclature

 * . Myrmica sordidula Nylander, 1849: 44 (w.) ITALY (Sicily).
 * Type-material: 3 syntype workers (Radchenko, 2007: 33).
 * Type-locality: Italy: Sicily, Messina (C. Zeller).
 * Type-depository: ZMHF.
 * Mayr, 1855: 472 (q.); Forel, 1870: 308 (m.).
 * Combination in Crematogaster: Mayr, 1855: 472;
 * combination in C. (Orthocrema): Santschi, 1918d: 182.
 * Status as species: Mayr, 1855: 472 (redescription); Nylander, 1856b: 101; Smith, F. 1858b: 135; Mayr, 1861: 75 (in key); Mayr, 1862: 768; Mayr, 1863: 405; Roger, 1863b: 36; Mayr, 1865: 108; André, 1874: 201 (in key); Mayr, 1877: 19; Emery, 1878a: x (in list); Emery, 1878b: 59; Emery & Forel, 1879: 464; Mayr, 1880: 39; Emery, 1881b: 535; André, 1881b: 77; André, 1883b: 391 (in key); Forel, 1886e: clxvi; Forel, 1889: 257; Saunders, E. 1890: 205; Emery, 1891b: 15; Dalla Torre, 1893: 86; Medina, 1893: 105; Forel, 1894d: 24; Mayr, 1895: 135 (in key); Ruzsky, 1902d: 31; Ruzsky, 1905b: 502; Forel, 1906c: 189; Karavaiev, 1910b: 48; Emery, 1912e: 669; Karavaiev, 1912a: 11; Karavaiev, 1912b: 583; Emery, 1914d: 157; Forel, 1915d: 32 (in key); Emery, 1916b: 156; Bondroit, 1918: 113; Santschi, 1919e: 244; Arnold, 1920a: 537; Menozzi, 1921: 27; Emery, 1922e: 130; Menozzi, 1922b: 328; Wheeler, W.M. 1922a: 850, 1024; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1923: 252; Müller, 1923a: 69; Müller, 1923b: 74; Finzi, 1924a: 13; Emery, 1924c: 164; Santschi, 1925g: 347; Emery, 1926: 5; Donisthorpe, 1926a: 8; Karavaiev, 1926b: 109; Kutter, 1927: 99; Wheeler, W.M. 1928d: 111; Kuznetsov-Ugamsky, 1929b: 43; Santschi, 1929e: 147; Finzi, 1930d: 313; Santschi, 1931a: 5; Grandi, 1935: 100; Santschi, 1936c: 201; Santschi, 1937e: 311; Weber, 1943c: 357; Donisthorpe, 1950e: 1061; Schmitz, 1950: 15; Ceballos, 1956: 304; Bernard, 1959: 346; Fromantin & Soulié, 1961: 93; Dlussky, 1962: 179; Baroni Urbani, 1964b: 43; Baroni Urbani, 1964c: 152; Cagniant, 1964: 88; Cagniant, 1966b: 279; Bernard, 1967: 163 (redescription); Pisarski, 1967: 388; Cagniant, 1968a: 143; Baroni Urbani, 1969a: 331; Collingwood & Yarrow, 1969: 66; Cagniant, 1970a: 417; Pisarski, 1970: 308; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 82; Tarbinsky, 1976: 76 (redescription); Kutter, 1977c: 89; Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 538 (in key); Collingwood, 1978: 81 (in key); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 272 (in key); Kugler, J. 1988: 258; Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 182; Collingwood, 1993b: 194; Bolton, 1995b: 163; Poldi, et al. 1995: 4; Espadaler, 1997b: 29; Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 14 (in key); Markó & Csösz, 2002: 116; Cagniant, 2005: 10; Bračko, 2006: 136; Cagniant, 2006a: 198; Markó, Sipos, et al. 2006: 69; Petrov, 2006: 93 (in key); Bračko, 2007: 17; Seifert, 2007: 216; Radchenko, 2007: 33; Gratiashvili & Barjadze, 2008: 138; Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 487; Vonshak, et al. 2009: 42; Lapeva-Gjonova, et al. 2010: 18; Karaman, M.G. 2011a: 10 (redescription); Csösz, et al. 2011: 57; Karaman, M.G. 2011b: 25; Legakis, 2011: 14; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2012: 491; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 18; Borowiec, L. 2014: 69 (see note in bibliography); Bračko, et al. 2014: 13; Lebas, et al. 2016: 276; Borowiec, L. & Salata, 2018: 5; Salata & Borowiec, 2018c: 44; Seifert, 2018: 180.
 * Senior synonym of caspica: Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 182; Bolton, 1995b: 163.
 * Senior synonym of esterelana: Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 487.
 * Senior synonym of flachii: Finzi, 1930d: 313; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Bolton, 1995b: 163; Legakis, 2011: 13; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 18.
 * Senior synonym of mayri: Mayr, 1855: 472; Nylander, 1856b: 101; Smith, F. 1858b: 136; Mayr, 1863: 405; Roger, 1863b: 36; André, 1874: 204 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 86; Ruzsky, 1905b: 502; Emery, 1922e: 130; Fromantin & Soulié, 1961: 94; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Bolton, 1995b: 163; Karaman, M.G. 2011a: 14 (in text); Legakis, 2011: 13; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 18.
 * Distribution: Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Georgia, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy (+ Sicily), Macedonia, Montenegro, Morocco, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain (+ Balearics), Switzerland, Turkey.
 * [Note: distribution records after Borowiec, L. 2014: 69.]
 * Current subspecies: nominal plus aeolia, marocana, molongori, osmanica.
 * caspica. Crematogaster sordidula var. caspica Emery, 1922e: 130.
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: Russia: Petrovsk (Korb).
 * Type-depository: MSNG.
 * [First available use of Crematogaster sordidula subsp. sordidula var. caspica Emery, 1912e: 670 (w.) RUSSIA; unavailable (infrasubspecific) name.]
 * Junior synonym of sordidula: Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 182; Bolton, 1995b: 150.
 * esterelana. Orthocrema esterelana Bernard, 1978b: 43, fig. 1 (w.q.m.) FRANCE.
 * Type-material: 30 syntype workers, 3 syntype queens, 2 syntype males.
 * Type-locality: France: Dept. Var, Fréjus, 45 m., on Valescure rhyolites (F. Bernard).
 * Type-depository: MNHN.
 * Combination in Crematogaster: Bolton, 1995b: 152.
 * Status as species: Bolton, 1995b: 152.
 * Junior synonym of sordidula: Casevitz-Weulersse & Galkowski, 2009: 487.
 * flachii. Crematogaster sordidula var. flachii Forel, 1895d: 229 (w.) SERBIA.
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * [Note: Forel says the taxon had already been found on Crete by v. Oertzen, and by himself, but it is uncertain whether this material constitutes part of the type-series.]
 * Type-locality: Serbia: Belgrade (Flache).
 * Type-depository: MHNG.
 * Combination in C. (Orthocrema): Emery, 1922e: 130.
 * As unavailable (infrasubspecific) name: Emery, 1912e: 670.
 * Subspecies of sordidula: Forel, 1901h: 64; Forel, 1904b: 372; Ruzsky, 1905b: 505; Forel, 1911d: 343; Forel, 1913d: 430; Emery, 1914d: 157; Santschi, 1921a: 114; Emery, 1922e: 130; Finzi, 1923: 4; Karavaiev, 1927b: 106; Finzi, 1928c: 789; Menozzi, 1933b: 61 (in key); Menozzi, 1936d: 283.
 * Status as species: Tohmé, G. & Tohmé, 2014: 135 (error).
 * Junior synonym of mayri: Müller, 1923b: 74; Emery, 1926: 5; Finzi, 1927a: 10; Zimmermann, 1935: 26.
 * Junior synonym of sordidula: Finzi, 1930d: 313; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Bolton, 1995b: 153; Legakis, 2011: 13; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 18.
 * mayri. Acrocoelia mayri Mayr, 1853b: 114 (w.) CROATIA (attributed to Schmidt).
 * Type-material: syntype workers (number not stated).
 * Type-locality: Croatia (“Dalmatia”): Zara (v. Manderstjerna).
 * Type-depository: NHMW.
 * Müller, 1923b: 76 (q.); Emery, 1926: 6 (m.).
 * Combination in Crematogaster: Mayr, 1855: 472.
 * Subspecies of sordidula: Müller, 1923b: 74; Emery, 1926: 6; Finzi, 1927a: 10; Cori & Finzi, 1931: 238; Zimmermann, 1935: 26; Finzi, 1939c: 156; Baroni Urbani, 1971c: 84; Aktaç, 1977: 121; Poldi, et al. 1995: 4.
 * Junior synonym of sordidula: Mayr, 1855: 472; Nylander, 1856b: 101; Smith, F. 1858b: 136; Mayr, 1863: 405; Roger, 1863b: 36; André, 1874: 204 (in list); Emery & Forel, 1879: 464; Dalla Torre, 1893: 86; Ruzsky, 1905b: 502; Emery, 1922e: 130; Fromantin & Soulié, 1961: 94; Agosti & Collingwood, 1987a: 54; Bolton, 1995b: 157; Karaman, M.G. 2011a: 14 (in text); Legakis, 2011: 13; Kiran & Karaman, 2012: 18.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Acosta, F. J., M. D. Martínez Ibáñez, and M. A. Morales. "Contribución al conocimiento de la mirmecofauna del encinar peninsular. I." Boletín de la Asociación Española de Entomología 6 (2) (1983): 379-391.
 * Agosti, D. and C.A. Collingwood. 1987. A provisional list of the Balkan ants (Hym. Formicidae) and a key to the worker caste. I. Synonymic list. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 60: 51-62
 * Aktaç, N.. "Studies on the myrmecofauna of Turkey I. Ants of Siirt, Bodrum and Trabzon." Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi. Seri B 41 (1977): 115-135.
 * Aldawood AS, Sharaf MR (2011) Monomorium dryhimi sp. n., a new ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the M. monomorium group from Saudi Arabia, with a key to the Arabian Monomorium monomorium-group. ZooKeys 106: 4754. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.106.139
 * Alvarez-Blanco P., S. Caut, X. Cerda, and E. Angulo. 2017. Native predators living in invaded areas: responses of terrestrial amphibian species to an Argentine ant invasion. Oecologia 185: 95-106.
 * Andoni V. 1977. Kontribut mbi Himenopteret e familjes Formicidae te vendit tone. Buletini I Shkencave te Natyres 31(2): 93-101.
 * AntArea. Accessed on February 5th 2014 at http://antarea.fr/fourmi/
 * Antarea (Personal Communication - Rumsais Blatrix- 27 April 2018)
 * Antarea (at www.antarea.fr on June 11th 2017)
 * Arnan, X., A. Rodrigo and J. Retana. 2006. Post-fire recovery of Mediterranean ground ant communities follows vegetation and dryness gradients. Journal of Biogeography 33(7):1246-1258
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2011. List of species collected during the Taxomara Lisboa 2010. Iberomyrmex 3: 32-33.
 * Asociacion Iberica de Mirmecologia. 2013. List of species collected during the Taxomara 2013. Iberomyrmex 4: 35-36.
 * Azcarate F. M., and B. Peco. 2012. Abandonment of grazing in a mediterranean grassland area: consequences for ant assemblages. Insect Conservation and Diversity 5: 279288.
 * Azuma M. 1950. On the myrmecological-fauna of Tomogashima, Kii Prov., with the description of new genus and new species. Hyogo Biology 1:34-37.
 * Baroni Urbani C. 1968. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. V. Aspetti ecologici della Riviera del M. Cònero. Boll. Zool. 35: 39-76.
 * Baroni Urbani C. 1969. Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. VIII. L'Isola di Giannutri ed alcuni scogli minori dell'arcipelago Toscano. Atti Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat. Mem. Ser. B 75: 325-338.
 * Baroni Urbani, C.. "Catalogo delle specie di Formicidae d'Italia (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia X)." Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana Volume 50 (1971): 5-287.
 * Baroni Urbani, C.. "Formiche dell'Italia appenninica (Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia, III)." Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona 12 (1964): 149-172.
 * Baroni Urbani, C.. "Studi sulla mirmecofauna d'Italia. II. Formiche di Sicilia." Atti dell'Accademia Gioenia di Scienze Naturali in Catania (6) 16 (1964): 25-66.
 * Barrett K. E. J. 1970. Ants in France, 1968-69. Entomologist 103: 270-274.
 * Bernard F. 1959. Les fourmis de l'île de Port-Cros. Contribution à l'écologie des anciennes forêts méditerranéennes. Vie Milieu 9: 340-360.
 * Bernard F. 1967. Faune de l'Europe et du Bassin Méditerranéen. 3. Les fourmis (Hymenoptera Formicidae) d'Europe occidentale et septentrionale. Paris: Masson, 411 pp.
 * Bernard F. 1975. Rapports entre fourmis et vegetation pres des Gorges du Verdon. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice 2: 57-79.
 * Bernard F. 1976. Écologie des fourmis des grès d'Annot, comparées à celles de la Provence calcaire. Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Nice 3: 33-54.
 * Bernard F. 1978. Fourmis et milieu dans le massif des Maures. Vie et Milieu. Série C. Biologie Terrestre 27: 83-118.
 * Bernard F. 1978. Orthocrema esterelana, espèce nouvelle commune dans l'Estérel (Hym. Formicidae). Bull. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 83: 43-46.
 * Berville L., M. Renucci, P. Vidal, and E. Provost. 2016. Peuplement myrmecologique et evaluation de l'invasion de Linepithema humile sur les iles de Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhone, France). Revue d'Ecologie (Terre et Vie) 71(3): 278-287.
 * Berville L., M. Renucci, and E. Provost. 2012. Mise en place de protocoles de contrôle de la fourmi dArgentine (Linepithema humile) sur les îles de Port-Cros et de Porquerolles (Var, France). Sci. Rep. Port-Cros natl. Park, 26: 91-108.
 * Bonaric J. C. 1971. Contribution a l'etude systematique et ecologique des formicides du Bas-Languedoc. PhD thesis Universite des sciences et techniques du Languedoc, 175 pages.
 * Bonaric J. C. 1971. Étude systématique et écologique des fourmis de lHérault. Ann. Soc. Hortic. Hist. Nat. Hérault 111: 81-87.
 * Borowiec L. 2014. Catalogue of ants of Europe, the Mediterranean Basin and adjacent regions (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus (Wroclaw) 25(1-2): 1-340.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2012. Ants of Greece - Checklist, comments and new faunistic data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Genus 23(4): 461-563.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2015. Pheidole symbioticaWasmann, 1909, an enigmatic supposed social parasite, is a nematodeinfested form of Pheidole pallidula(Nylander, 1849) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Sociobiology 62(2): 181-186.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2017. Ants of the Peloponnese, Greece (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Polish Journal of Entomology 86: 193-236.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2017. New records of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Portugal. Acta Entomologica Silesiana 25(3): 1-10.
 * Borowiec L., and S. Salata. 2018. Notes on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Samos Island, Greece. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 27: 1-13.
 * Bracko G., H. C. Wagner, A. Schulz, E. Gioahim, J. Maticic, and A. Tratnik. 2014. New investigation and a revised checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Republic of Macedonia. North-Western Journal of Zoology 10(1): 10-24.
 * Bracko G., K. Kiran, C. Karaman, S. Salata, and L. Borowiec. 2016. Survey of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Greek Thrace. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e7945. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e7945
 * Bracko, G. 2006. Review of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera:Formicidae) of Croatia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica 14(2): 131-156.
 * Bracko, G.. "Review of the ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Croatia." Acta Entomologica Slovenica Vol 14 st (2006): 131-156.
 * Cagniant, H.. "Les Crematogaster du Maroc (Hym., Formicidae). Clé de détermination et commentaires." Orsis 20 (2005): 7-12.
 * Cagniant, H.. "Liste préliminaire de fourmis forestières d'Algérie. Résultats obtenus de 1963 à 1966." Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 104 (1968): 138-147.
 * Cagniant, H.. "Note sur le peuplement en fourmis d'une montagne de la région d'Alger, l'Atlas de Blida." Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 102 (1966): 278-284.
 * Cagniant, H.. "Étude de quelques fourmis marocaines. Statistique provisoire des Formicidae du Maroc." Bulletin de la Société d' Histoire naturelle de l' Afrique du Nord 53 (1964): 83-118.
 * Cagniant, H.. Les peuplements de fourmis des forêts algériennes: écologie, biocénotique, essai biologique. Universite de Toulouse, 1973.
 * Cammell, M. E., M. J. Way, and M. R. Paiva. "Diversity and structure of ant communities associated with oak, pine, eucalyptus and arable habitats in Portugal." Insectes Sociaux 43 (1996): 37-46.
 * Collingwood C., and A. Prince. 1998. A guide to ants of continental Portugal (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia. Suplemento 5: 1-49.
 * Collingwood, C. A. 1993. A Comparitive Study of the Ant Fauna of Five Greek Islands. Biologia Gallo-hellenica. 20,1:191-197
 * Collingwood, C. A., and I. H. H. Yarrow. "A survey of Iberian Formicidae." EOS (Revista española de entomología) 44 (1969): 53-101.
 * Collingwood, C. A.. "A comparative study of the ant fauna of five Greek islands." Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 20 (1993): 191-197.
 * Collingwood, C. A.. "A provisional list of Iberian Formicidae with a key to the worker caste." EOS (Revista española de entomología) Nº LVII (1978): 65-95.
 * Comín del Río, P., and X. Espadaler. "Ants of the Pityusic islands." In Biogeography of the Pityusic Islands, edited by H. Kuhbler, J. A. Alcover and C. Guerau, 278-231. The Hague: Junk, 1984.
 * Csősz S., B. Markó, and L. Gallé. 2011. The myrmecofauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Hungary: an updated checklist. North-Western Journal of Zoology 7: 55-62.
 * Cuní, M.. "Excursión entomológica a varias localidades de la provincia de Gerona (Cataluña)." Anales de la Sociedad española de Historia Natural (1885): 51.
 * Cuní, M.. "Fauna entomológica de la villa de Calella." Anales de la Sociedad española de Historia Natural (1897): 281.
 * Czechowski W., A. Radchenko, W. Czechowska and K. Vepsäläinen. 2012. The ants of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe. Fauna Poloniae 4. Warsaw: Natura Optima Dux Foundation, 1-496 pp
 * De Stefani T. 1889. Miscellanea imenotterologica sicula. Nat. Sicil. 8: 140-145.
 * Della Santa E. 1995. Fourmis de Provence. Faune Provence 16: 5-37.
 * Delye, G., and J. L. Bonaric. "Fourmis du sud Marocain." Etude de certains milieux du Maroc et de leux evolution recente RCP 249 (1973).
 * Diniz, M. A.. "Estado actual do conhecimento dos himenópteros de Portugal." Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra 259 (1959): 1-42.
 * Du Merle P. 1978. Les peuplements de fourmis et les peuplements d'acridiens du Mont Ventoux II. - Les peuplements de fourmis. Terre Vie 32(1): 161-218.
 * Dubovikoff D. A., and Z. M. Yusupov. 2018. Family Formicidae - Ants. In Belokobylskij S. A. and A. S. Lelej: Annotated catalogue of the Hymenoptera of Russia. Proceedingss of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 6: 197-210.
 * Emery C. 1878. Liste des fourmis de la collection de feu Camille van Volxem, avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 21: viii-x.
 * Emery C. 1914. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Bearbeitung von O. Leonhard's Sammlungen. 5. Südeuropäische Ameisen (Hym.). Entomologische Mitteilungen. Berlin-Dahlem 3: 156-159.
 * Emery C. 1916. Fauna entomologica italiana. I. Hymenoptera.-Formicidae. Bullettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 47: 79-275.
 * Emery C. 1926. Ultime note mirmecologiche. Boll. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 58: 1-9.
 * Emery, C.. "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der palaearktischen Ameisen." Öfversigt af Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar (Helsinki) 20 (1898): 124-151.
 * Emery, C.. "Beiträge zur Monographie der Formiciden des paläarktischen Faunengebietes. Teil XI." Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 1912 (1912): 651-672.
 * Emery, C.. "Formiche di Spagna raccolte dal Prof. Filippo Silvestri." Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Reale Scuola Superiore d'Agricoltura, Portici 17 (1924): 164-171.
 * Emery, C.. "Liste des fourmis de la collection de feu Camille van Volxem, avec la description d'une espèce nouvelle." Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 21 (1878): viii-x.
 * Emery, C.. "Spicilegio mirmecologico." Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 33 (1901): 57-63.
 * Emery, C.. "Ultime note mirmecologiche." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 58 (1926): 1-9.
 * Emery, C.. "Viaggio ad Assab nel Mar Rosso dei Signori G. Doria ed O. Beccari con il R. Avviso "Esploratore" dal 16 novembre 1879 al 26 febbraio 1880. I. Formiche." Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale 16 (1881): 525-535.
 * Espadaler X. F. Garcia, K. Gomez, S. Serrano, and R. Vila. 2009. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Mont-Rebei gorge (Pallars Jussà). Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 44: 393399.
 * Espadaler, X., and J. Reyes-López. "Dos nuevas localidades para una (¿rara?) hormiga endémica ibérica,Temnothorax blascoi (Espadaler, 1997) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)." Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 42 (2008): 449-450.
 * Espadaler, X., and X. Roig. "Ants from the Montnegre-Corredor Natural Park with description of the male lasius cinereus Seifert." Miscellanea Zoologica 23 (2) (2001): 45-53. Abstract
 * Espadaler, X.. "Formicidos de las sierras de Cazorla, del Pozo y Segura (Jaén, España)." Ecología 11 (1997): 489-499.
 * Field Museum Collection, Chicago, Illinois (C. Moreau)
 * Finzi, B.. "Formiche dell'isola d'Elba e Monte Argentario." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 56 (1924): 12-15.
 * Finzi, B.. "Risultati scientifici della spedizione Ravasini-Lona in Albania. III. Formiche." Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 55 (1923): 1-4.
 * Forel A. 1890. Fourmis de Tunisie et de l'Algérie orientale. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 34: lxi-lxxvi.
 * Forel A. 1900. Fourmis du Japon. Nids en toile. Strongylognathus Huberi et voisins. Fourmilière triple. Cyphomymrex Wheeleri. Fourmis importées. Mitt. Schweiz. Entomol. Ges. 10: 267-287.
 * Forel A. 1901. Formiciden des Naturhistorischen Museums zu Hamburg. Neue Calyptomyrmex-, Dacryon-, Podomyrma- und Echinopla-Arten. Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hambg. 18: 43-82.
 * Forel A. 1904. Note sur les fourmis du Musée Zoologique de l'Académie Impériale des Sciences à St. Pétersbourg. Ezheg. Zool. Muz. 8: 368-388.
 * Forel A. 1905. Miscellanea myrmécologiques II (1905). Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 49: 155-185.
 * Forel A. 1906. Fourmis d'Asie mineure et de la Dobrudscha récoltées par M. le Dr. Oscar Vogt et Mme Cécile Vogt, Dr. méd. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 50: 187-190.
 * Forel A. 1911. Fourmis nouvelles ou intéressantes. Bull. Soc. Vaudoise Sci. Nat. 47: 331-400.
 * Forel, A.. "Ameisen aus den Sporaden, den Cykladen und Griechenland, gesammelt 1887 von Herrn von Oertzen." Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 32 (1889): 255-265.
 * Forel, A.. "Fourmis de Tunisie et de l'Algerie orientale recoltees et decrites par Auguste Forel." Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 34 (1890): lxi-lxxvi.
 * Forel, A.. "Fourmis de la faune méditerranéenne récoltées par MM. U. et J. Sahlberg." Revue Suisse de Zoologie 21 (1913): 427-438.
 * Forel, A.. "Les Formicides de la Province d'Oran (Algérie)." Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 30 (1894): 1-45.
 * Forel, A.. "Miscellanea myrmécologiques II (1905)." Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 49 (1905): 155-185.
 * Forel, A.. "Notices myrmécologiques." Mitteilungen der Schweirzerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 3 (1870): 306-312.
 * Forel, A.. "Nouvelles fourmis de Grèce récoltées par M. E. von Oertzen." Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 30 (1886): clix-clxviii.
 * Galkowski C. 2011. Une liste des fourmis (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) récoltées dans la région de Grasse, avec la mention dune nouvelle espèce de la faune de France. Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Provence, 62 : 41-44.
 * Garcia Garcia F., and A. D. Cuesta-Esgura. 2017. First catalogue of the ants of Burgos province, Spain (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 60: 245–258.
 * Gasperini, R.. "Notizia sulla fauna imenotterologadalmata, II, Formicidae-Mutillidae-Scoliadae-Sapygidae-Pompilidae-Sphegidae-Chrysididae." Anuario Dalmatico 4 (1887): 143-160.
 * Goetsch, W.. "Beiträge zur Biologie spanischer Ameisen." EOS (Revista española de entomología) 18 (1942): 175-241.
 * Gomez C., D. Casellas, J. Oliveras, and J. M. Bas. 2003. Structure of ground-foraging ant assemblages in relation to land-use change in the northwestern Mediterranean region. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 21352146.
 * Grandi G. 1935. Contributi alla conoscenza degli Imenotteri Aculeati. XV. Boll. R. Ist. Entomol. Univ. Studi Bologna 8: 27-121.
 * Gratiashvili N., Barjadze S. 2008. Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology (Tbilisi) 23: 130-146.
 * Karaman M. G. 2009. An introduction to the ant fauna of Macedonia (Balkan Peninsula), a check list (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Natura Montenegrina 8(3): 151-162.
 * Karaman M. G. 2011. A catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Montenegro. Podgorica: Catalogues 3, Volume 2, Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts, 140 pp.
 * Karavaiev V. 1911. Ameisen aus Transkaspien und Turkestan. Tr. Rus. Entomol. Obshch. 39: 1-72.
 * Karavaiev V. 1912. Ameisen aus Tunesien und Algerien, nebst einigen unterwegs in Italien gesammelten Arten. Rus. Entomol. Obozr. 12: 1-22.
 * Karavaiev V. 1912. Ameisen aus dem paläarktischen Faunengebiete. Rus. Entomol. Obozr. 12: 581-596.
 * Karavaiev V. 1926. Beiträge zur Ameisenfauna des Kaukasus, nebst einigen Bemerkungen über andere palaearktische Formen. Konowia 5: 93-109.
 * Karavaiev V. 1927. Myrmekologische Miszellen. Ezheg. Zool. Muz. 27: 104-112.
 * Kiran K., and C. Karaman. 2012. First annotated checklist of the ant fauna of Turkey (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 3548: 1-38.
 * Korlevic, A.. "Prilozi fauni hrvatskih opnokrilaca." Glasn. Hrv. Narav. Dr. 5 (1890): 189-250.
 * Kugler J. 1988. The zoogeography of Israel. 9. The zoogeography of social insects of Israel and Sinai. Monographiae biologicae 62: 251-275.
 * Kuznetsov G. T. 1990. Comparative analysis of Hymenoptera (Formicidae) population on altitudinal zones of central Kopetdag. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Turkmenskoi SSR. Seriya Biologicheskikh Nauk 1990(3): 64-67.
 * Lapeva-Gjonova, L., V. Antonova, A. G. Radchenko, and M. Atanasova. "Catalogue of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Bulgaria." ZooKeys 62 (2010): 1-124.
 * Legakis A. 1983. Aspects of the distribution of ants in an insular mediterranean ecosystem (Cyclades Is., Greece) Rapports et Procès-Verbaux des Réunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée. Monaco 28: 121-122.
 * Legakis A. 1983. The Zoological Museum of the University of Athens 2. The collection of ants from Greece. Biologia Gallo-Hellenica 11(1): 85-87.
 * Legakis A. 1989. Aspects of the distribution of ants in an insular mediterranean ecosystem (Cyclades Isl., Greece). Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol. 26 (3): 363-369.
 * Legakis A. 2001. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) collected in the eastern Pyrenees and surrounding area, September 1999. Proceedings of the International Colloqium of the European Invertebrate Survey: Cartography and Conservation of Biodiversity Marcevol Priory, Arboussols, france 30.8-4.9.1999. OPIE.
 * Legakis Collection Database
 * Luque-García, G., J. L. Reyes-López, and J. Fernández-Haeger. "Estudio faunístico de las hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) de la cuenca del río Guadiamar: Primeras aportaciones." Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 30 (2002): 153-159.
 * Marikovsky P. I. 1979. Ants of the Semireche Desert. [In Russian.]. Alma Ata: Nauka, 263 pp.
 * Markó B., B. Sipos, S. Csősz, K. Kiss, I. Boros, and L. Gallé. 2006. A comprehensive list of the ants of Romania (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Myrmecologische Nachrichten 9: 65-76.
 * Markó B., and S. Csősz. 2002. Die europäischen Ameisenarten (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) des Hermannstädter (Sibiu, Rumänien) Naturkundemuseums I.: Unterfamilien Ponerinae, Myrmicinae und Dolichoderinae. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 94: 109-121.
 * Martorell, M.. "Catálogos sinonímicos de insectos encontrados en Cataluña." Barcelona (1879).
 * Martínez Ibáñez, M. D., and X. Espadaler. "Revisión de las hormigas ibéricas de la colección M. Medina y nuevos datos de distribución." Actas de las VIII Jornadas de la Asociación Española de Entomología (1986): 1022-1034.
 * Mayr, G.. "Myrmecologische Studien." Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 12 (1862): 649-776.
 * Medina, M.. "Catálogo provisional de las hormigas de Andalucía." Actas de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural 20 (1891): 95-104.
 * Mortazavi Z. S., H. Sadeghi, N. Aktac, L. Depa, L. Fekrat. 2015. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and their aphid partners (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Mashhad region, Razavi Khorasan Province, with new records of aphids and ant species for fauna of Iran. Halteres 6:4-12.
 * Müller, G.. "Le formiche della Venezia Guilia e della Dalmazia." Bollettino della Società Adriatica di Scienze Naturali in Trieste 28 (1923): 11-180.
 * Neumeyer R., and B. Seifert. 2005. Commented check list of free living ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species of Switzerland. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse 78: 1-17.
 * Ordóñez-Urbano C., J. Reyes-López, and S. Carpintero-Ortega. 2007. Estudio faunísidos de los formícidos (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) asociados a los bosques de ribera en la Provincia de Córdoba (España). Primeras Aportaciones. Boletin Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 40: 367-375.
 * Ortiz, F. J.. "Formícidos del litoral granadino." Memoria de Licenciatura Universida (1985): 206 pp.
 * Paraschivescu D. 1978. Elemente balcanice in mirmecofauna R. S. Romania. Nymphaea 6: 463- 474.
 * Pascual, M. R.. "Estudio taxonómico y ecológico de los Formícidos de las Sierras de Alfacar, La Yedra, Huétor y Harana." Tesis Doctoral Universida (1986): 264 pp.
 * Passera L. 1967. Peuplement en fourmis terricoles du rebord Meridional des Causses jurassiques du Quercy: la lande calcaire a buis. Vie et milieu. Serie C, Biologie terrestre 18(1): 189-205.
 * Petrov I. Z., and C. A. Collingwood. 1992. Survey of the myrmecofauna (Formicidae, Hymenoptera) of Yugoslavia. Archives of Biological Sciences (Belgrade) 44: 79-91.
 * Poldi B., M. Mei, and F. Rigato. 1995. Hymenoptera, Formicidae. Vol 102. Checklist delle specie della fauna Italiana: 1-10.
 * Radchenko A. G. 2007. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the collection of William Nylander. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warsaw) 50: 27-41.
 * Redolfi I., A. Tinaut, F. Pascual, and M. Campos. 2004. Nest density of the nat assemblage (Formicidae) in three olive orchards under different agricultural management in Granada, Spain. Ecología Aplicada 3(1,2): 73-81.
 * Retana J., and X. Cerdá X. 2000. Patterns of diversity and composition of Mediterranean ground ant communites tracking spatial and temporal variability in the thermal environment. Oecologia 123: 436-444.
 * Salata S., L. Borowiec, and A.Trichas. 2018. Taxonomic Revision of the Cretan Fauna of the Genus Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with Notes on the Endemism of Ant Fauna of Crete. Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 68(4): 769-808.
 * Salata S., and L Borowiec. 2017. Species of Tetramorium semilaeve complex from Balkans and western Turkey, with description of two new species of (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Annales Zoologici (Warsaw) 62:279–313.
 * Salata S., and L. Borowiec. 2018. A new species of the ant genus Lasius Fabricius, 1804 from Crete (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 789: 139–159.
 * Salata S., and L. Borowiec. 2018. Taxonomic and faunistic notes on Greek ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom Entomology 27: 1-51.
 * Salata S., and L. Borowiec. 2019. Preliminary division of not socially parasitic Greek Temnothorax Mayr, 1861 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with a description of three new species. ZooKeys 877: 81-131.
 * Salgueiro, J.. "Primeiros registros de Formicídeos (Hymenoptera) para dúas áreas protegidas portuguesas. Adiçao de duas novas especies á mirmecofauna de Portugal." Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa 32 (2003): 109-110.
 * Sanchez-Gil Jimeno R., and J. L. Reyes-Lopez. 2016. Study of ants species of the Sierra de San Carlos del Valle (Ciudad Real) and updating the provincial check list (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent. 40 (1-2): 93-109.
 * Santschi F. 1925. Fourmis d'Espagne et autres espéces paléartiques EOS (Revista española de entomología) 1: 339-360.
 * Santschi, F. 1931. Inventa entomologica itineris Hispanici et Maroccani, quad a. 1926 fecerunt Harald et Hakan Lindberg. 9. Fourmis du Bassin Mediterraneen occidental et du Maroc recoltees par MM. Lindberg. Societas Scientiarum Fennica Commentationes Biologicae 3: 1-13
 * Santschi, F.. "Inventa entomologica itineris Hispanici et Maroccani, quod a. 1926 fecerunt Harald et Håkan Lindberg. Fourmis du Bassin Méditerranéen occidental et du Maroc récoltées par MM. Lindberg." Societas Scientiarum Fennica (Helsingfors) 3 (14) (1931): 1-13.
 * Santschi, F.. "Notes sur les fourmis paléarctiques. II. Fourmis d'Asie Mineure récoltées par M. H. Gadeau de Kerville." Boletín de la Real Sociedad española de Historia natural (Madrid) 21 (1921): 110-116.
 * Saunders, E.. "Hymenoptera aculeata from Majorca and Spain. I Majorca (1901)." Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (1904): 597-598.
 * Schmitz H. 1950. Formicidae quaedam a cl. A. Stärcke determinatae, quas in Lusitania collegit. Brotéria Ser. Cienc. Nat. 19: 12-16.
 * Schmitz, H.. "Formicidae quaedam a cl. A. Stärcke determinatae, quas in Lusitania collegit." Brotéria, Ciências Naturais 19 (1950): 12-16.
 * Scupola I. 2009. Le formiche delle Isole Egadi (Sicilia) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona Botanica Zoologia 33: 97-103
 * Seifert B. 1994. Die freilebenden Ameisenarten Deutschlands (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) und Angaben zu deren Taxonomie und Verbreitung. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Naturkundemuseums Görlitz 67(3): 1-44.
 * Seifert B. 1998. Rote Liste der Ameisen. - in: M. Binot, R. Bless, P. Boye, H. Gruttke und P. Pretscher: Rote Liste gefährdeter Tiere Deutschlands. Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1998: 130-133.
 * Sommer F. 1984. Etude de la myrmécofaune de la réserve de la Massane. Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls sur Mer (66), 29 pages.
 * Sommer F., and H. Cagniant. 1988. Peuplements de fourmis des Albères Orientales (Pyrénées-Orientales, France) (Première partie). Vie Milieu 38: 189-200.
 * Soyer B. 1951. Les fourmis des collines des environs de Marseille. Bull Soc Linn Provence 18: 3-6.
 * Stärcke A. 1942. Formicides de l'île de Port-Croz (Hyères) récoltées par le docteur Chassagne. Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 11: 23.
 * Suay-Cano, V. A., A. Tinaut, and J. Selfa. "Las hormigas (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) asociadas a pulgones (Hemiptera, Aphididae) en la provincia de Valencia." Graellsia 58(1) (2002): 21-37.
 * Suñer i Escriche, David. "Contribució al coneixement mirmecologic de Gavarres, Montgrí, Guilleríes i la Serralada Transversal." Tesis Doctoral Universida (1991): 577 pp.
 * Terayama M., and S. Yamane. 1984. Ants of Yaku-shima Island, the northern Ryukyus, with reference to their altitudinal distribution (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Cons. Rep. Yaku-shima Wildness Area, Kyushu, Japan, pp. 643-667. Nat. Cons. Bureau, Env. Agency, Japan.
 * Tinaut A. 2016. Ants of the Tejeda, Almijara and Alhama Mountains Natural Park (Andalusia, Spain) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent., 40 (1-2): 125-159.
 * Tinaut A., and F. J. Ortiz. 1988. Introduccion al conocimiento de las hormigas de la provincia de Almeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Publicaciones del Instituto de Estudios Almerienses. Boletín (Ciencias) 8: 223-231.
 * Tinaut, A., J. Jiménez Rojas, and R. Pascual. "Estudio de la mirmecofauna de los bosques de Quercus Linneo 1753 de la provincia de Granada." Ecología 8 (1995): 429-438.
 * Tohme G., and H. Tohme. 2014. Nouvelles liste des especes de fourmis du Liban (Hymenoptera, Formicoidea). Lebanese Science Journal 15(1): 133-141.
 * Tolg, F., and J. Fahringer. "Beitrag zur Dipteren- und Hymenopterenfauna Bosniens der Herzegowina und Dalmatiens, II." Mitt. Naturw. Ver. Univ. Wien 9 (1911): 23-28.
 * Trigos Peral G., and J. L. Reyes-Lopez. 2015. New record of Temnothorax algiricus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from the Iberian Peninsula and ten additional new records for the ant fauna from Málaga, with preliminary list of species from Natural Park Sierras de Tejeda, Almijara y Alhama (Andalusia, Spain). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent. 39 (3-4): 411-416.
 * Trigos Peral G., and J. Reyes Lopez. 2016. Ants as bioindicators for monitoring of urban green in the south of the Iberian Peninsula. Proposal of functional groups. Iberomyrmex 8: 37-38.
 * Trigos-Peral G., and J. L. Reyes-Lopez. 2013. Primera relacion de los formicidos (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) de la Reserva Natural Lagunas de Campillos (Malaga). Boln. Asoc. esp. Ent. 37 (3-4): 217-224.
 * Vicidomini S., and C. Pignataro. 2007. Contributo alla conoscenza della biodiversità del Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano: gli Imenotteri veleniferi più comuni e check-list delle specie di Apoidea e Formicidae della provincia di Salerno. Il Naturalista Campano 34: 1-15.
 * Vogrin, V.. "Prilog fauni Hymenoptera - Aculeata Jugoslavije." Zast. Bilja 31(suppl.) (1955): 1-74.
 * Vonshak M., and A. Ionescu-Hirsch. 2009. A checklist of the ants of Israel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 39: 33-55.
 * Zimmermann, S.. "Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ameisenfauna Süddalmatiens." Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanisch Gesellschaft in Wien 84 (1935): 1-65.
 * Zina V., M. Branco, and J. C. Franco. 2017. Ant community associated to citrus canopy in Southern Portugal over a century after the invasion by the Argentine ant. Phytoparasitica 45:183–200.
 * de Haro, Andrés, C. A. Collingwood, and P. Comín del Río. "Prospección mirmecológica por Ibiza y Formentera (Baleares)." Orsis 2 (1986): 115-120.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica en la Cordillera Ibérica." Orsis 6 (1991): 129-126.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica por Andalucia." Boletín de la Estación Central de Ecología 6 (12) (1977): 85-90.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica por Extremadura (España) y Sao Brás-Almodovar, Alcácer do Sal, Serra da Estrela (Portugal)." Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia Suplemento 3(1) (1992): 95-104.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica por la península Tingitana al norte del Rif (Marruecos)." Orsis (Organismes i Sistemes) 12 (1997): 93-99.
 * de Haro, Andrés, and C. A. Collingwood. "Prospección mirmecológica por las sierras de Aitana-Alfaro y los cabos de la Nao-San Antonio (Alicante) y su comparación con la fauna balear y de Córcega-Cerdeña." Orsis 3 (1988): 165-172.