Pheidole optiva

Wheeler (1901h) took the type series, which he transmitted to Forel, from large colonies nesting beneath tree-shaded stones in a ravine at Cuernavaca. Both the majors and minors were “remarkably slow” in their movements. (Wilson 2003)

Identification
See the description in the nomenclature section.

Distribution
Only known from the type locality.

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Mexico.

Worker
Minor

Nomenclature

 *  optiva. Pheidole optiva Forel, 1901c: 132 (s.w.) MEXICO. See also: Wilson, 2003: 333.

Description
From Wilson (2003): A member of the fallax group, sharing some traits with Pheidole sciara but differing from it and other group members as follows.

Major: antennal scapes reaching a little less than midway between eyes and occipital corners; carinulae of dorsal head surface also reaching halfway between eye and occipital corners; dorsal head surface foveolate except for frontal triangle, mid-clypeus, and occipital border, which are smooth and shiny; pronotal dorsum and rest of mesosoma foveolate, lacking carinulae; pronotum in dorsaloblique view a single convexity peaked at humerus; propodeal spines directed posteriorly; postpetiole elliptical from above; pilosity sparse to moderate over body, and on the first gastral tergite consisting substantially of short subrecumbent hairs.

Minor: eyes medium in size, with Eye Length one-fifth Head Width; all of head, mesosoma, and waist foveolate and opaque to feebly shiny; occiput broad and concave in frontal view. MEASUREMENTS (mm) Syntype major: HW 1.12, HL 1.20, SL 0.64, EL 0.14, PW 0.60. Syntype minor: HW 0.60, HL 0.70, SL 0.68, EL 0.12, PW 0.42.

COLOR Major: body light reddish brown except for gaster, which is medium reddish brown. Minor: body medium reddish yellow except for gaster, which is dark reddish yellow.



'''Figure. Upper: syntype, major. Lower: syntype, minor. Scale bars = 1 mm.'''

Type Material
MEXICO: Cuernavaca, Morelos, col. William M. Wheeler. and - as reported in Wilson (2003)

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

 * Fernandes, P.R. XXXX. Los hormigas del suelo en Mexico: Diversidad, distribucion e importancia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).
 * Kempf, W.W. 1972. Catalago abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical (Hym. Formicidae) Studia Entomologica 15(1-4).
 * Vásquez-Bolaños M. 2011. Lista de especies de hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) para México. Dugesiana 18: 95-133
 * Wilson, E.O. 2003. Pheidole in the New World: A Dominant, Hyperdiverse Genus. Harvard University Press