Drilldown: Associate

host (34) · mutualist (1)

ant (17) · butterfly (1) · fungus (22)

Ophiocordyceps unilateralis · Aphis craccivora · Aphis gossypii · Mermithidae (unspecified "Mermix") · Myrmicinosporidium durum · Aphis fabae · Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae · unknown · Laboulbenia formicarum · Brachycaudus cardui · Formica fusca · Ophiocordyceps myrmecophila · Raillietina tetragona · Ophiocordyceps australis · Kapala sp. · Ophiocordyceps formicarum · Polyergus mexicanus · Megaselia sp. · Beauveria bassiana · Aphis asclepiadis

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None (1) · parasite (16) · pathogen (21) · slave maker (17)

None (35)

None (4) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012 (19) · Espadaler & Santamaria, 2012; Quevillon, 2018 (1) · Mackay and Mackay 2002; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · Moffett, 2010; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · Obregon et al. 2015 (1) · Quevillon, 2018 (16) · Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (10) · Trager, 2013; Sulger et al., 2014; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1) · Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986; Trager, 2013; de la Mora et al., 2021 (1)

None (26) · as ''Formica'' cf. ''occulta'' (1) · as ''Polyergus breviceps'' (1) · doubtful, ''P. breviceps'' more likely (1) · encounter mode primary; direct transmission; transmission within nest (16) · identity of slave maker need confirmation, likely not ''P. mexicanus'' (1) · note that the ants involved were identified as ''P. breviceps'' and predate Trager's (2013) revision. It is likely that these are actually ''P. mexicanus'' but this has yet to be confirmed (1) · properly ''Polyergus umbratus'' (4) · true slave maker ''Polyergus laeviceps'' (1)