Brachyponera batak

Brachyponera batak
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Hymenoptera
Family:	Formicidae
Subfamily:	Ponerinae
Tribe:	Ponerini
Genus:	Brachyponera
Species:	B. batak
Binomial name
	Brachyponera batak; (Yamane, 2007)

The few collections of this species were made from nests in rotting wood/branches on the ground in secondary forests.

Identification

Yamane (2007) - This species may be most closely related to Brachyponera pilidorsalis, from which it is easily distinguished by the lack of standing hairs on mesosoma and gastral tergites 1 and 2 (excluding those arising along posterior margins of the tergites) in the queen. It is also separable from the related Brachyponera nigrita by the smaller body (queen), and smaller ocelli and dark body color (male). On the other hand, in the worker caste, B. batak differs from B. pilidorsalis and B. nigrita only in the fewer numbers of standing hairs on mesosoma and tergites 1 and 2.

Keys including this Species

Distribution

Known from the type locality in North Sumatra.

Latitudinal Distribution Pattern

Latitudinal Range: -0.5° to -0.5°.


North Temperate	North Subtropical	Tropical	South Subtropical	South Temperate

Source: AntMaps

Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists

Indo-Australian Region: Indonesia (type locality).

Distribution based on AntMaps

Distribution based on AntWeb specimens

Check data from AntWeb

Countries Occupied

Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species.

Estimated Abundance

Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species.

Biology

Castes

Queen


.

Male


.

Nomenclature

The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.

batak. Pachycondyla batak Yamane, 2007: 656, figs. 3, 4, 12-16 (w.q.m.) INDONESIA (Sumatra).
- Type-material: holotype worker, 7 paratype workers, 4 paratype queens, 5 paratype males.
- Type-locality: holotype Indonesia: N Sumatra, Parapat, nr Danau Toba, 19.viii.2002, SU02-SKY-91 (Sk. Yamane); paratypes with same data.
- Type-depositories: MZBJ (holotype); BMNH, LACM, MCZC, SKYC (paratypes).
- Combination in Brachyponera: Schmidt, C.A. & Shattuck, 2014: 80.
- Distribution: Indonesia (Sumatra).

Unless otherwise noted the text for the remainder of this section is reported from the publication that includes the original description.

Description

Worker

Holotype in parentheses: HW 0.95-1.00 (0.99); HL 1.04-1.11 (1.08); SL 1.11-1.13 (1.13); EL 0.19-0.21 (0.20); MSL 0.11-0.12 (0.11). SL/HL 1.03-1.08 (1.05). Number of ommatidia along long axis of eye ca.10.

Structure. Similar to Brachyponera nigrita and Brachyponera pilidorsalis, but the following characteristics are useful to recognize B. batak. Mesal half of mandible rather extensively smooth with scattered punctures. Posterior face of propodeum superficially but extensively punctate. Both anterior and posterior faces of petiole distinctly punctate. Dorsal face of mesosoma without standing hairs or with at most five very short standing hairs. Gastral tergites 1 and 2 each with less than five standing hairs (excluding those along posterior margin of the tergites).

Queen

Small, head width ca. 0.85 mm. Similar in size and structure to the queen of B. pilidorsalis, but mesosoma dorsally and gastral tergites 1 and 2 virtually without standing hairs.

Male

Structure. Head small, much narrower than pronotum, posteriorly roundly narrowed. Clypeus apically almost straight; labrum produced anteriorly. Lower frons with a short longitudinal keel. Mandible reduced, basally widened. Eye large (maximum length 0.30 mm), strongly convex, with short standing hairs, mesally weakly emarginate. Ocelli small, diameter as long as the width of antennal segment 3; distance between posterior ocelli much longer than that between anterior and posterior ocelli. Scape as long as antennal segment 3; pedicel (segment 2) slightly longer than half the length of scape. Pronotum posterolaterally concave; mesoscutum large, much higher than pronotum; scutellum much narrower than mesoscutum, with a wide and deep furrow just behind mesoscutum; mesopleuron large, with a deep transverse groove of which the bottom has many striae. Propodeum lower than meso-metanotum, weakly rounded above; posterior face shallowly concave. Petiole relatively thin, in profile much narrowed above; subpetiolar process in profile with an apically acute posterior projection. Sculpture. Head only superficially punctate and shining. Pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum very weakly sculptured and somewhat shining; mesopleuron almost entirely smooth and strongly shining; metapleuron anteromedially coarsely puncto-striate; other part of metapleuron weakly sculptured. Propodeum very densely punctate except for concave posterior face that is only superficially sculptured. Anterior and posterior faces of petiole densely and irregularly sculptured; posterior face very weakly sculptured and somewhat shining. Gaster only superficially sculptured. Pilosity. Body rather densely covered with decumbent pubescence and obliquely standing short hairs; on mesopleuron the pilosity very sparse. Coloration. Body dark reddish brown, with slightly paler gaster and legs.

Type Material

Holotype. Worker, Parapat (900 m alt.), nr Danau Toba, N. Sumatra, Indonesia, 19 viii 2002, Sk. Yamane (SU02-SKY-91). Paratypes. 7w, 4q, 5m from the same colony. The holotype is deposited in Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Indonesia, and paratypes in SKY Collection (SKY Collection), The Natural History Museum, Museum of Comparative Zoology and Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History.

Etymology

Named for the Batak tribe who live in the area of the type locality.

References

Yamane, S. 2007. Pachycondyla nigrita and related species in southeast Asia (pp. 650-663). In Snelling, R.R., Fisher, B.L. & Ward, P.S. (eds). Advances in ant systematics: homage to E.O. Wilson – 50 years of contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 690 pp.

References based on Global Ant Biodiversity Informatics

Yamane S. 2007. Pachycondyla nigrita and related species in southeast Asia (pp. 650-663). In Snelling, R.R., Fisher, B.L. & Ward, P.S. (eds). Advances in ant systematics: homage to E.O. Wilson 50 years of contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 690 pp.
Yamane, S. "Pachycondyla nigrita and related species in Southeast Asia." In Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, edited by R. R. Snelling, B. L. Fisher and P. S. Ward, 651-663. Vol. 80. Advances in ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): homage to E. O. Wilson 50 years of contributions 80., 2007. Abstract