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Hylomyrma columbica
| Hylomyrma columbica | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Formicidae |
| Subfamily: | Myrmicinae |
| Tribe: | Pogonomyrmecini |
| Genus: | Hylomyrma |
| Species: | H. columbica |
| Binomial name | |
| Hylomyrma columbica (Forel, 1912)
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Ulyssea & Brandao (2021) note that specimens of this species are frequently found in leaf-litter samples with winkler extractors or Berlese-Tüllgren funnels, which suggests that this species nests in the leaf-litter, fallen logs, rotten wood, or inside natural cavities of the superficial soil layers. Also, two specimens were found among plant fibers, which were sourced from Colombia, in a quarantine station in the USA, suggesting that workers may forage on vegetation.
Identification
Regular and longitudinal striae on head dorsum, mesial striation in part directed to posterior margin and in part anteriorly divergent and posteriorly convergent; irregular to regular striae of variable thickness on mesosoma dorsum, interspaces indistinguishable; mesonotum and metanotal groove region with semicircular striae; dorsal margin of petiole discontinuous, transverse striae on anterior region of dorsal surface continuing on lateral surface; subtriangular projection on mesoventral surface of petiole; subpostpetiolar process weak, convex; transverse striae on profemur posterior surface; protibia extensor surface striate; long striae on tergum of first gastral segment.
The sculpture on the mesosomal dorsum of H. columbica is similar to Hylomyrma dolichops and Hylomyrma montana. Hylomyrma columbica differs from H. dolichops (characteristic in parentheses) in the regular striae on the mesial region of head dorsum in part directed to posterior margin and in part anteriorly divergent and posteriorly convergent/parallel (vs. vermicular and divergent striae on anterior two-third of mesial area, irregular and parallel on the upper third), and the drop-shaped eye (vs. reniform). Hylomyrma columbica can be distinguished from H. montana in the combination of the regular striae on the mesial region of head dorsum in part directed to the posterior margin and in part anteriorly divergent and posteriorly convergent/parallel (vs. regular to irregular striae and divergent), the discontinuous dorsal margin of petiole (vs. continuous), and the long striae on tergum of the first gastral segment (vs. short striae). All three are allopatric in northwestern South America, but occur in nearby areas near the border between Colombia and Ecuador. Hylomyrma dolichops has a broader distribution (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela) (Fig. 87), whereas H. columbica occurs in Colombia and in western Venezuela (Fig. 85), and H. montana has been recorded in Costa Rica, Panama and Ecuador (Fig. 83).
Keys including this Species
Distribution
Latitudinal Distribution Pattern
Latitudinal Range: 11° to 4°.
| North Temperate |
North Subtropical |
Tropical | South Subtropical |
South Temperate |
- Source: Ulysséa & Brandao, 2021
Distribution based on Regional Taxon Lists
Neotropical Region: Colombia (type locality), Venezuela.
Distribution based on AntMaps
Distribution based on AntWeb specimens
Check data from AntWeb
Countries Occupied
| Number of countries occupied by this species based on AntWiki Regional Taxon Lists. In general, fewer countries occupied indicates a narrower range, while more countries indicates a more widespread species. |
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Estimated Abundance
| Relative abundance based on number of AntMaps records per species (this species within the purple bar). Fewer records (to the left) indicates a less abundant/encountered species while more records (to the right) indicates more abundant/encountered species. |
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Biology
Castes
Nomenclature
The following information is derived from Barry Bolton's Online Catalogue of the Ants of the World.
- columbica. Pogonomyrmex (Hylomyrma) columbicus Forel, 1912g: 16 (w.) COLOMBIA.
- Type-material: holotype worker.
- Type-locality: Colombia: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, La Guajira, road from Dibulla to San Antonio (A. Forel).
- Type-depository: MHNG.
- Wheeler, G.C. & Wheeler, J. 1960b: 4 (l.); Ulysséa & Brandão, 2021: 37 (q.).
- Combination in Hylomyrma: Kempf, 1973b: 234.
- Status as species: Emery, 1921f: 49; Kempf, 1972a: 118; Kempf, 1973b: 234 (redescription); Kutter, 1977a: 88; Bolton, 1995b: 213; Pierce, M.P., Branstetter, et al. 2017: 137; Fernández & Serna, 2019: 797; Ulysséa & Brandão, 2021: 34 (redescription).
- Distribution: Colombia, Venezuela.
Type Material
Holotype: COLOMBIA: [Magdalena: Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Road between Dibulla and] San Antonio, A. Forel (1W) (CASENT0907676) [MHNG] [examined by Ulyssea & Brandao (2021)].
Description
References
- Forel, A. 1912h. Formicides néotropiques. Part IV. 3me sous-famille Myrmicinae Lep. (suite). Mém. Soc. Entomol. Belg. 20: 1-32 (page 16, worker described)
- Kempf, W. W. 1973b. A revision of the Neotropical myrmicine ant genus Hylomyrma Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Stud. Entomol. 16: 225-260 (page 234, Combination in Hylomyrma)
- Ulyssea, M.A., Brandao, C.R.F. 2021. Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of fourteen new species. Zootaxa 5055, 1–137 (doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5055.1.1).
- Wheeler, G. C.; Wheeler, J. 1960b. Supplementary studies on the larvae of the Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. 62: 1-32 (page 4, larva described)